tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-66628135695956046172024-02-06T22:36:58.071-08:00breadcrumbsKenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.comBlogger29125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-83133450552440418992023-08-08T21:11:00.001-07:002023-08-08T21:16:57.608-07:00<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"> <span style="font-family: Times, serif;">A Small Fragment of a Big Event</span><span style="font-family: Times, serif;"> </span></span></h1><div><span style="font-family: Times, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">At the 1936 Berlin Olympics, African American track star Jesse Owens won four gold medals in track. His forth medal came when his relay team set a new world record that stood for 20 years. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIYCgEBCbglOODAkhMkc1aasJdKjJoHXzBy5BWGlkj6zpRwv8f_wV55DvqXTzGaOFoEYvbqbwgCpFnRSrc08An_W0Ffm9-Qhc5_BpoduJeMsGOvDGI5x4Hp6ZkRsKtjuloIEFd3Ijmvf6l9YlEgQtOExKVeroa4yCMzJd_9bpkpaPdAuwEZpVs3luhwCQ/s1662/Document_20230808_0001.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1098" data-original-width="1662" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIYCgEBCbglOODAkhMkc1aasJdKjJoHXzBy5BWGlkj6zpRwv8f_wV55DvqXTzGaOFoEYvbqbwgCpFnRSrc08An_W0Ffm9-Qhc5_BpoduJeMsGOvDGI5x4Hp6ZkRsKtjuloIEFd3Ijmvf6l9YlEgQtOExKVeroa4yCMzJd_9bpkpaPdAuwEZpVs3luhwCQ/w473-h312/Document_20230808_0001.jpg" width="473" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoFPhHTiE0amFhWjzWwDQLzDF6BmgvbNYWwAJmPbXIerPu2AWhm7AVUJJrXGOCmSXmRp8BvHFY7sdVfcClIrG2AQzdGbzOCB0r1ziqeKvu-QiH3IiykIREgvdJt3e5SS_GoJSQbTk9M1SH9GhrTxgNcKF3kZycrIQFtDY2tTAJvcfS8069MUTJJB-TC_M/s1670/Document_20230808_0002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1098" data-original-width="1670" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoFPhHTiE0amFhWjzWwDQLzDF6BmgvbNYWwAJmPbXIerPu2AWhm7AVUJJrXGOCmSXmRp8BvHFY7sdVfcClIrG2AQzdGbzOCB0r1ziqeKvu-QiH3IiykIREgvdJt3e5SS_GoJSQbTk9M1SH9GhrTxgNcKF3kZycrIQFtDY2tTAJvcfS8069MUTJJB-TC_M/w392-h257/Document_20230808_0002.jpg" width="392" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div></div><div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Jesse Owens was the son of Alabama sharecroppers who emerged as a major track talent in high school in Ohio and later at Ohio State University. In 1936, 17 African American athletes traveled as part of 311 Americans representing the United States in the Olympics in Berlin Germany. Chancellor (and dictator) of Germany, Adolf Hitler wanted to use the games to prove his theories of Aryan racial superiority. He congratulated many of the German athletes but left the stadium after three African Americans swept the high jump events. While Hitler avoided greeting and congratulating the Black Americans, he continued to greet German winners in private.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">The 1936 games were the first to be televised and the Black American athletes struck an important propaganda blow against Nazi Germany and achieved a significant triumph for the objectives of racial equality and human rights. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">I found this original 1936 postcard at the Wichita, Kansas Postcard Club annual show about ten years ago. It has a black and white photograph of Jesse Owens crossing the finish line in the 100 meters sprint. The card was cancelled at Berlin Olympic Stadium, August 3, 1936. It appears that someone began to address the card but must have changed their mind and kept the card as a souvenir. It bears numerous creases and small tears that give evidence to the hands it has traveled through and the hearts and minds it may have touched.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">I consider it a small, but true piece of history and I hope it continues its journey with its positive message of human rights and human strength. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p></div><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times, serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><o:p></o:p></p>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-51880283275939059072023-08-07T19:48:00.000-07:002023-08-08T21:14:58.696-07:00<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">A Short Entry About Postcards and Postcard Shows</span> </h1><p style="text-align: center;"><br /></p><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: x-large;">For those of you who have not yet been initiated into the world of antique postcards, these small, century-old objects offer a vast world of graphics, fine art, history, commerce, social history, and much more. For example, here is an image of an amazingly beautiful postcard found at the Wichita Postcard Club Show a few years ago. This card was produced by the Wiener Werkstätte Company in Vienna for the Emperor's Jubilee in 1908.</span></div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: x-large;">Wiener Werkstätte Company (1903-1932) was created with the goal of bringing good design and craft into all areas of life within the fields of ceramics, fashion, silver, furniture, and the graphic arts. The company was promoted as a declaration of modernity over the old order. The artist of this illustration was Remigius Geyling, a designer and artist who was later a professor of the School of Applied Arts in Vienna.</span></div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: medium; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: x-large;">Postcard shows like the Wichita Postcard Club Show, Oct. 21-22, Wichita, Kansas attract collectors, dealers, historians, writers, artists and art lovers, designers, the intellectually curious, and treasure hunters to the rewarding world of antique postcards. So, here's one treasure found at Wichita a few years ago, and tomorrow I will post something from the realm of sports, social and political history. The subjects are endless. See you in Wichita! </span></div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p><br /> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzPh_uqsNLacNQec-Up_rtDfN98ewNU2AKj6li9L0KSZurJE5_1aRhBSp6_ydvZySuGuHNM_NdQrzCqxD1MadJeowkXhU65H93HmUnXJYaxh4yk869gyViadB4ZJHy7-PS7bdGRnr7lZH8QUAldPfWsdK9LMUtrkjCKIFuIKY_LeynXmqFqAxDhOUsVgQ/s1658/Wiener%20Workstatte%20Geyling.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1658" data-original-width="1074" height="686" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzPh_uqsNLacNQec-Up_rtDfN98ewNU2AKj6li9L0KSZurJE5_1aRhBSp6_ydvZySuGuHNM_NdQrzCqxD1MadJeowkXhU65H93HmUnXJYaxh4yk869gyViadB4ZJHy7-PS7bdGRnr7lZH8QUAldPfWsdK9LMUtrkjCKIFuIKY_LeynXmqFqAxDhOUsVgQ/w443-h686/Wiener%20Workstatte%20Geyling.jpg" width="443" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZKGg4aFsn7mVunbgQYEzTrGGofl9ynuckHWObtDyAqIvvNl1XCUK2F5aGxmbb5r4SvJJFvw_ohYkZjBky2VgRTFhuxyNBmo_cG22HeRotI3Ptl-leixRntJsW553jBo4I_gHapLfNbhgvwc0b5IW_qKmUeadGeJFhNnTBgHJVOntmMYwLrBio2ktZyLM/s1654/Wiener%20Workstatte%20Geyling%20bk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1078" data-original-width="1654" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZKGg4aFsn7mVunbgQYEzTrGGofl9ynuckHWObtDyAqIvvNl1XCUK2F5aGxmbb5r4SvJJFvw_ohYkZjBky2VgRTFhuxyNBmo_cG22HeRotI3Ptl-leixRntJsW553jBo4I_gHapLfNbhgvwc0b5IW_qKmUeadGeJFhNnTBgHJVOntmMYwLrBio2ktZyLM/w470-h307/Wiener%20Workstatte%20Geyling%20bk.jpg" width="470" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><p></p>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-23198317012730486372022-10-04T17:54:00.005-07:002022-12-29T19:19:26.149-08:00<p style="text-align: center;"> <br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2HOmbAMD0QWMwfpG3MAonpjNft99aWNGLVjaWd8rnF0NWWGZURmMRVmJP5EijiYZt13zY3U99e-qEGBhiczh96YXyiICcSiha5lMUtd1yFxgTxmTnPHaexe1tBfQWPJdD3X_k80wccMzP_1cxxX_97Fe4L6JWmgelyIri2aQcR9ilW6FbiZqATyuc/s1037/sand1title%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="641" data-original-width="1037" height="135" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2HOmbAMD0QWMwfpG3MAonpjNft99aWNGLVjaWd8rnF0NWWGZURmMRVmJP5EijiYZt13zY3U99e-qEGBhiczh96YXyiICcSiha5lMUtd1yFxgTxmTnPHaexe1tBfQWPJdD3X_k80wccMzP_1cxxX_97Fe4L6JWmgelyIri2aQcR9ilW6FbiZqATyuc/w218-h135/sand1title%20copy.jpg" width="218" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #134f5c; font-family: times; font-size: x-large;">Cast Up by the Sea</span></h1><div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times;"><span style="color: #134f5c; font-size: x-large;">The Atlantic City Origin of Sand Sculpture,</span></span></div><span style="font-family: times;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #134f5c; font-size: x-large;">and the Mystery of Philip McCord</span></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times;">In the age before highways and airports could whisk people hundreds of miles in a few hours, they came by rail to places like Atlantic City. At a time when much of the New Jersey Shore were still fishing villages, Atlantic City was a thriving destination with worldly restaurants, grand hotels, a bustling Boardwalk, and one of the first “beach cultures” in the United States. And a huge part of that beach culture were the artists who sculpted in the sand just off the Boardwalk.</span><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times;">–– </span></span></i><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: large;">Atlantic City Alliance, 2014 </span><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span>(1)</span></span></div></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Dfh1W9ldTejGJWfGye3xsjOR8DPtZG6iRFGomwXgFgiE0UhKoEjo2W-of5S42EdvRQH6oT6xo41fTI9AUKYXBwfp71VMghJYTj7uKQBZLIXVPgKVtcrM0Fd-td6tzPoSyN93n2xQTL5vKrZhqWLaQoABVjBzFnLcAxKwzy2uUSXfrQKW1Aai1ht0/s1800/oldsand1%20copy.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1549" data-original-width="1800" height="89" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Dfh1W9ldTejGJWfGye3xsjOR8DPtZG6iRFGomwXgFgiE0UhKoEjo2W-of5S42EdvRQH6oT6xo41fTI9AUKYXBwfp71VMghJYTj7uKQBZLIXVPgKVtcrM0Fd-td6tzPoSyN93n2xQTL5vKrZhqWLaQoABVjBzFnLcAxKwzy2uUSXfrQKW1Aai1ht0/w104-h89/oldsand1%20copy.jpeg" width="104" /> </a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj94i3XMMU5yfkYVskzuAR2A6Tbi5iLZWbA1G3v_YubfW9gWVbnGdbQloXRcqyNXs2mbZGSmnw1FzbP2DIIgr7zuy1-flvt8JMgNo5xy_dXr75omJEB2BOdv7H2aalmkIqhN5Hgwub7XM1_LE-7c-oAnRvCXGOGx7FCWdo-5VdN8qv3fO-N2Myefy0P/s670/sandcastlesdetail.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="670" data-original-width="644" height="139" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj94i3XMMU5yfkYVskzuAR2A6Tbi5iLZWbA1G3v_YubfW9gWVbnGdbQloXRcqyNXs2mbZGSmnw1FzbP2DIIgr7zuy1-flvt8JMgNo5xy_dXr75omJEB2BOdv7H2aalmkIqhN5Hgwub7XM1_LE-7c-oAnRvCXGOGx7FCWdo-5VdN8qv3fO-N2Myefy0P/w134-h139/sandcastlesdetail.jpg" width="134" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh7ZiCsBCX9WFpIUkvBROVjPFrxPeytkZsyzDVsy_t-42deYOlQ8Yb0ch9z2DZAf6mEe6TD7HLeU7SyUz7sM-wMo3t6nLDtHoeuLmfR1eMKTVhO3rxL_DKzPxsscxbVr4bMKqQEFDB7sEFSolvyalixtOISD2VrdsKFulhcwDWRxi-fSKIX5Uyt8Wv/s1800/oldsand6%20copy.tiff" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1760" data-original-width="1800" height="93" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh7ZiCsBCX9WFpIUkvBROVjPFrxPeytkZsyzDVsy_t-42deYOlQ8Yb0ch9z2DZAf6mEe6TD7HLeU7SyUz7sM-wMo3t6nLDtHoeuLmfR1eMKTVhO3rxL_DKzPxsscxbVr4bMKqQEFDB7sEFSolvyalixtOISD2VrdsKFulhcwDWRxi-fSKIX5Uyt8Wv/w96-h93/oldsand6%20copy.tiff" width="96" /></a></div><br /> <span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: Times;">Human beings must have formed wet sand into imaginative shapes from the time we first left footprints on a sandy beach; for ages, children and adults have modeled walls, castles, dams, and coarse creatures that existed only until the next high tide. There are ancient historical references to sand sculpture in ancient Egypt and India, but the more recent innovation of sand sculpture as</span><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times;">an occupation or formal competition is said to have begun just before the turn of the twentieth century on the beaches of Atlantic City, New Jersey.</span><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></span><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span><span style="font-family: Times;">Legend has it that in 1897 a mysterious character named Philip McCord, who claimed to be from <i>Philadelphia, </i>(remember this city, it will appear in this story again)</span><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times;">carved a pile of wet sand below the Atlantic City boardwalk into the </span><span style="font-family: Times;">life-sized figures of a woman and child seemingly washed up onto the shore after being </span></span><span style="font-family: Times;">drowned at sea. That maudlin seaside tableau was repeated in beach sand for decades and became known as “Cast Up by the Sea.” There are no known photographs of McCord or that first 1897 sculpture, but it must have looked something like the photo below, a circa 1905 image of James Taylor, a subsequent Atlantic City sand artist. Taylor would soon become very well known for his own depiction of “Cast Up by the Sea,” as well as many other subjects––but questions linger: Did Taylor take up the art and replicate “Cast Up” after observing Philip McCord’s work? Did the two men know each other? Why have no other accounts of McCord surfaced?</span></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: x-large;"></span></div></blockquote></blockquote><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large; text-align: start;"></span></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHnY6XX_QWpUzKAAUzOXXNWreeeh0FKdbWuWHwleMYdh5rDuUZ4fisDkR2w6yevc_3g6AdHNQHkDpIP5EfVlrHFVu6ovmHI6lgM5sjwlJWS9LjOpWjWxFVQfpw8yr4jPyUnJgCjithvYwUzbOU2LqqNihwzhFj0m8D7RcUl6i37RfP2TC-KbewkwsU/s1027/firstcastupdetail%20copy.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="986" data-original-width="1027" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHnY6XX_QWpUzKAAUzOXXNWreeeh0FKdbWuWHwleMYdh5rDuUZ4fisDkR2w6yevc_3g6AdHNQHkDpIP5EfVlrHFVu6ovmHI6lgM5sjwlJWS9LjOpWjWxFVQfpw8yr4jPyUnJgCjithvYwUzbOU2LqqNihwzhFj0m8D7RcUl6i37RfP2TC-KbewkwsU/w281-h270/firstcastupdetail%20copy.jpeg" width="281" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">“Cast Up by the Sea,” James Taylor, Atlantic City, circa 1905.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">By the turn of the twentieth century, luxurious hotels, fine restaurants, alluring shops, and connecting railroad lines drew visitors from all over the world to the resort destination of Atlantic City. The prevailing lore is that Philip McCord took note of the crowds on the Boardwalk and offered them his sand sculpture performance in hopes of cash tips for his efforts. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">In 1992, Holly Metz wrote a detailed and well-researched article titled “Selling Sand & Sea: Sand Sculptors & the Development of the Atlantic City Resort, 1897 – 1944,” which appeared in the Summer Issue of <i>The Clarion</i> (now titled <i>Folk Art)</i> published by the American Folk Art Museum in New York.</span><span style="font-size: medium;">(2)</span><span style="font-size: x-large;"> In the article Metz attributed the identification of Philip McCord as the original 1897 sculptor to a 1942 article in the <i>Atlantic City Press</i> by reporter Frank Butler. Metz noted however that “no 1897 reference to McCord could be found in available issues of the <i>Press</i> as most were destroyed in a fire.”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><span style="font-family: Times; text-align: start;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">An article in the July 28, 1899 issue of the <i>Asbury Park Journal</i> described the work of a “sand modeler” named “Professor Taylor” who worked in an open-air beach studio and modeled several sand pictures and a panel with a cross and a crown dedicated to the Women’s Catholic Benevolent Association. This reference is undoubtedly to James J. Taylor whose sand sculpture work in Atlantic City is well documented from the years 1904 to 1907. It would appear that both McCord and Taylor were producing their sand sculpture at about the same time. Or, is it possible that the identification of that 1897 sand sculptor as Philip McCord was a mistake and that he was actually James Taylor? Let’s look at a bit of Atlantic City history and the art of sand sculpture before we get back to the mystery of Philip McCord.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Let’s step back in time a bit––before the throngs of city visitors arrived to play in the surf and sand of the Atlantic City resort––and before these artists-in-sand began to entertain the crowds. For centuries, this stretch of the Atlantic coast had been a bountiful home to Native Peoples; its location, the barrier island of Abescon, had provided rich as well as marsh lands and access to both the Atlantic Ocean and fresh inland water. The climate was mild, and there was more than abundant fish, game, and plant life. </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p></o:p></p><span style="text-align: start;"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span face="-webkit-standard" style="text-align: start;"></span></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKEdlN9ztBhgSeLzQX9OXtzWzBGOAEJ31XemXFQwfAtb4CIZoaeLarTDIa4bNZZkd5-dqJJwRdqkmrYmheOcwrngM5-UwvIWIdRkVBzOOuzAVKg0SBX_e7ebFdzrrghyoW1jEb7pFT-XnSsOHWBGxGQsbnW0gODzAu-3nqARyopoNBUM5NCOE373ls/s2602/WilliamRichardAC1873%20copy.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1612" data-original-width="2602" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKEdlN9ztBhgSeLzQX9OXtzWzBGOAEJ31XemXFQwfAtb4CIZoaeLarTDIa4bNZZkd5-dqJJwRdqkmrYmheOcwrngM5-UwvIWIdRkVBzOOuzAVKg0SBX_e7ebFdzrrghyoW1jEb7pFT-XnSsOHWBGxGQsbnW0gODzAu-3nqARyopoNBUM5NCOE373ls/w355-h220/WilliamRichardAC1873%20copy.png" width="355" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoCaption" style="color: #44546a; font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">High Tide at Atlantic City, William Richards, 1873</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">The ancestors of the Eastern Algonquian Confederacy, who called themselves “Lenni Lanape” (original people) and “Unalachtigo” (people who live near the ocean), lived on this coast for thousands of years before the Europeans appeared. In the 1600s, Dutch and English settlers began arriving, and by 1776, there was a bustling seaport at Abescon Creek and European settlers began pushing the Native Americans out of their way. By the last decades of the 18th century, most of the Native Americans had been driven out or replaced, and by 1860, their remaining population had endured forced migration to reservations in Oklahoma. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">The area’s natural beauty and proximity to Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore, and Washington were recognized by developers as prime real estate for a resort. The first commercial hotels in Atlantic City were built in the 1850s, and rail service from major population centers began in 1854. By the turn of the century, there was an entirely different panorama on the Atlantic shore. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><br /></p><p class="MsoCaption" style="color: #44546a; font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: center;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTw4Qm0cJWKEed1XRx1bBhUpnJKZBHyozMruBGDZAMvAnh8jVaRHF6xWzFwNVpdZmpPP6KsxWM77CgfHPOP2zmWz2JnHK_W6GsSGjXMtiPkI8RiPEFTCJ-7jULiFBhjO9UZiWRGmOZFXwrVgWyuWjbokGJ--XRjpogOmHK1R_-e5_HI_-yxWxpfj4C/s900/atlantic-city-boardwalk-1900-unknown%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="672" data-original-width="900" height="221" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTw4Qm0cJWKEed1XRx1bBhUpnJKZBHyozMruBGDZAMvAnh8jVaRHF6xWzFwNVpdZmpPP6KsxWM77CgfHPOP2zmWz2JnHK_W6GsSGjXMtiPkI8RiPEFTCJ-7jULiFBhjO9UZiWRGmOZFXwrVgWyuWjbokGJ--XRjpogOmHK1R_-e5_HI_-yxWxpfj4C/w296-h221/atlantic-city-boardwalk-1900-unknown%20copy.jpg" width="296" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD3eeQQlmBBaznNwLnfAW72Tcq_X0_jktYs_gf1FjXPCL-D4D7qDD-NMLm1qcRDklICGZ37r-dBhWNZ5ypez8AQb9-MFl_9mbUZbOGXUZYDO8N5daSgE3Hv8Os0U97ePRZHtm7e9hCA80GuqgTPFPZKMQaaPKgZ9b31BwlBL4-B1fsvJUsMTz5FVdF/s1000/Atlantic-City-1904%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="791" data-original-width="1000" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD3eeQQlmBBaznNwLnfAW72Tcq_X0_jktYs_gf1FjXPCL-D4D7qDD-NMLm1qcRDklICGZ37r-dBhWNZ5ypez8AQb9-MFl_9mbUZbOGXUZYDO8N5daSgE3Hv8Os0U97ePRZHtm7e9hCA80GuqgTPFPZKMQaaPKgZ9b31BwlBL4-B1fsvJUsMTz5FVdF/w284-h224/Atlantic-City-1904%20copy.jpg" width="284" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-size: 9.259258270263672px;">Atlantic City Boardwalk, circa 1900. </span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-size: 9.259258270263672px;"> Atlantic City Beach, 1904</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-size: 9.259258270263672px;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">As the sand-sculpture story goes, soon after completing that 1897 work, known as “Cast Up by the Sea,” Philip McCord was joined by other artists who shaped the beach sand into figures and scenes representing current interests and events in return for coins tossed from onlookers on the Boardwalk above. Sand sculpture was an immediate hit with visitors to Atlantic City, and artists created three-dimensional portrayals of political figures, Civil War generals, exotic animals, women, children, social and religious motifs, and popular works of art. Even the labor movement and women’s rights campaigns were represented in sand.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0jIL-Q57_jEC-tFwwz43QCr9UVcwidu6dLHmcZrAlu0oWz9seVkWSUaxgJ7seFSgUSFeoCWQlOZDVYnQRP2HDUrGskP8jIereKCykyGni7Ho6Or0tSKbZmZjK1mZCnoBHknb4vi1Dui0V3w8Ap4U4fiQPUFDtToZnbNuSBIqiATKakCjVYe8ZUceM/s800/resorts_sand-art_popout%20copy.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="800" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0jIL-Q57_jEC-tFwwz43QCr9UVcwidu6dLHmcZrAlu0oWz9seVkWSUaxgJ7seFSgUSFeoCWQlOZDVYnQRP2HDUrGskP8jIereKCykyGni7Ho6Or0tSKbZmZjK1mZCnoBHknb4vi1Dui0V3w8Ap4U4fiQPUFDtToZnbNuSBIqiATKakCjVYe8ZUceM/w404-h259/resorts_sand-art_popout%20copy.png" width="404" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"The work of one of a Dozen Sand Artists on the Beach" Atlantic City postcard, circa 1908.</span></span><span style="text-align: start;"></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div><span style="font-size: x-large;">Atlantic City quickly boomed as a summer resort and a winter health spa, and crowds thronged to the beaches and entertainment offered along the Boardwalk. Amusement piers like Steeplechase Pier and the Steel Pier offered musicians, vaudeville shows, dance clubs, thrill rides, concessions, and diversions of all sorts, including the famous Steel Pier Diving Horse. </span><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg48dE0q2bjhPw4jSN96zKBOh63ZKmfL1pjQMiCaooIP7JuNGTYt0FRs2NnuT7M4IuKz_3p2gjSyEK2VQ3dJEppnDYwL3wbltxER0dCIqa0pzR517O3UJ9U1jsq4VthCm7QnrNAby7m5cNd-OAqURgdu8O-hQ-HyKxEeglAKP-N-jqzk0E8qkeYCexa/s1000/steepier1910%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="639" data-original-width="1000" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg48dE0q2bjhPw4jSN96zKBOh63ZKmfL1pjQMiCaooIP7JuNGTYt0FRs2NnuT7M4IuKz_3p2gjSyEK2VQ3dJEppnDYwL3wbltxER0dCIqa0pzR517O3UJ9U1jsq4VthCm7QnrNAby7m5cNd-OAqURgdu8O-hQ-HyKxEeglAKP-N-jqzk0E8qkeYCexa/w377-h240/steepier1910%20copy.jpg" width="377" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3lc4L36FsheNDMmSXwtaK_GhuQ-DRk1nyn5eZZPlNKiucuQoV4uU5n_KkPEoLSK0ZX7GN5vhOp3xRz_Z2pKachCSF2M6RdXfEPsuSvH-A8vjoaIRLjk0Chg_z2Drh0xe8ZujoLbk4ZXB2eXqZSdfJeD5HsftPzFoOFArg5imupJV4Jcp_nYzEYpJh/s875/divinghorse1934crop.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="794" data-original-width="875" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3lc4L36FsheNDMmSXwtaK_GhuQ-DRk1nyn5eZZPlNKiucuQoV4uU5n_KkPEoLSK0ZX7GN5vhOp3xRz_Z2pKachCSF2M6RdXfEPsuSvH-A8vjoaIRLjk0Chg_z2Drh0xe8ZujoLbk4ZXB2eXqZSdfJeD5HsftPzFoOFArg5imupJV4Jcp_nYzEYpJh/w237-h215/divinghorse1934crop.jpeg" width="237" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard views Atlantic City, (L) 1910, and (R) 1934.</span></p></div><span><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Enterprising performers and artists of all varieties responded to the increasing crowds by setting up shop along the Boardwalk, and the work of sand<span style="font-family: Times;"> sculptors was </span>a<span style="font-family: Times;"> large part of the show</span>. </span><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Conventioneers, vacationers, and day-tripping families, “rail birds,” as they were called, would hang on the Boardwalk railings to watch the amazing forms take shape. “Passing the hat” and coins tossed onto the artists’ cloth banners supported the resourceful sand artists, and hundreds of colorful tourist postcards depicted the artists and their work and helped draw visitors to Atlantic City into the 1920s and 30s. </span><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: xx-large; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl7drIMFzB0moTnE7dvSqeCJkYr18xhzDFhFTcMDyUg18JCBhsUBd4HnwLOBFy5fUPdq29BW1GPdywETGkbOYFJojtgAdzYoV_goDVvp2U7YOqxzy10KfuX_EFzVkIIVd3f1eyUB4r1p2eq7WSQ-n5bjr6NuPp-fZlcWUryUrELC82tzyoqOigVg8l/s1269/earlysand%20copy%202.jpg" style="font-size: xx-large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="793" data-original-width="1269" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl7drIMFzB0moTnE7dvSqeCJkYr18xhzDFhFTcMDyUg18JCBhsUBd4HnwLOBFy5fUPdq29BW1GPdywETGkbOYFJojtgAdzYoV_goDVvp2U7YOqxzy10KfuX_EFzVkIIVd3f1eyUB4r1p2eq7WSQ-n5bjr6NuPp-fZlcWUryUrELC82tzyoqOigVg8l/w289-h181/earlysand%20copy%202.jpg" width="289" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWBSDrXZdbWTj3vCMUIhj3XLR1S7rz6N0S8Fo5j92XyKFor8fo65fHrIFR8urSg_2yPRxuEE0ELSgWiFLyirwfHgKvCY-NVrvxgAfQi7iJmNOq0jXkwU2fURvxj5g99ScXkV8LRXwGMHwsHWd3vpmO-XkHvnD5gRElsIiI-6CBhSz-Vv02JwkJ4aYh/s1642/14AC%2011.2%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1054" data-original-width="1642" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWBSDrXZdbWTj3vCMUIhj3XLR1S7rz6N0S8Fo5j92XyKFor8fo65fHrIFR8urSg_2yPRxuEE0ELSgWiFLyirwfHgKvCY-NVrvxgAfQi7iJmNOq0jXkwU2fURvxj5g99ScXkV8LRXwGMHwsHWd3vpmO-XkHvnD5gRElsIiI-6CBhSz-Vv02JwkJ4aYh/w282-h180/14AC%2011.2%20copy.jpg" width="282" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: large;">Postcard views, Sand sculptors, circa 1908. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIjl0WUxhp3zSh6W6f2BktM2-KKe1xBJilThfrPlTuSIKbmbgZ6CI86EyJGzyVAf0Wk8ajUmVhiGj3erR14hdZAplJ7TwUJTkwN0amtw32yNHsVaWk7jAmHSZjpjOaKuxl9dFXhDKlhR_FrF7qMTPx8HeCr9-qlZOVNOLcorF6aXo4LW_ky19tKcM0/s815/s-l1600%20copy%203.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="815" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIjl0WUxhp3zSh6W6f2BktM2-KKe1xBJilThfrPlTuSIKbmbgZ6CI86EyJGzyVAf0Wk8ajUmVhiGj3erR14hdZAplJ7TwUJTkwN0amtw32yNHsVaWk7jAmHSZjpjOaKuxl9dFXhDKlhR_FrF7qMTPx8HeCr9-qlZOVNOLcorF6aXo4LW_ky19tKcM0/w287-h181/s-l1600%20copy%203.jpg" width="287" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6ss7iJl9uAtixq99L87uUdahJku0UtiL_3xrKFJzjheCaJryduP3JDR_gbJXWs1YTd1wKrJSjP6VpvHr8dfsPPK-wuX4UipEcfPfCi-cmNumfY3NnANKyhRCZq2vPFyrDguMTRYIrQrRvQL0GZkSQHinA3avvtaqdcDOgNwmocpEBq2vS_EXJ_Lga/s1648/SandArtist2%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1048" data-original-width="1648" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6ss7iJl9uAtixq99L87uUdahJku0UtiL_3xrKFJzjheCaJryduP3JDR_gbJXWs1YTd1wKrJSjP6VpvHr8dfsPPK-wuX4UipEcfPfCi-cmNumfY3NnANKyhRCZq2vPFyrDguMTRYIrQrRvQL0GZkSQHinA3avvtaqdcDOgNwmocpEBq2vS_EXJ_Lga/w286-h182/SandArtist2%20copy.jpg" width="286" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard views, Sand sculptors, circa 1908.</span><br /><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Unfortunately, this burgeoning resort was officially segregated in 1900. People of color were not welcome on the Atlantic City beaches or Boardwalk except as workers behind the scenes, entertainers, or handlers of the rolling boardwalk chairs. For a few years in the late 1800s and early 1900s, Black tourists were allowed on the beach and Boardwalk only one day of the year, just after Labor Day, when the customary tourist season had ended. An article in <i>The Atlantic City Press</i>, September 6, 1906, records that the operators of the theaters and other amusements welcomed people of color for that one-day outing. During the Jim Crow era, Black tourists were directed to the unofficial Black beach along Missouri Avenue on the north side of town. This segregated arrangement did not begin to change until the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Postcards from Atlantic City's early days not only revealed the existence of racial discrimination and segregation, but they also employed it to appeal to white visitors in ways that were often less than subtle. The card below, published by Hugh C. Leighton Company of Portland, Maine, depicts a number of horseback riders on a postcard that was mailed in 1908. The image reveals</span><span style="font-size: xx-large;"> three Black riders on white horses and three white riders on dark horses; and the</span><span style="font-size: xx-large;"> printed description reads, “Three chocolate drops on whites; three whites on chocolate drops.” The man on the right seems to be in charge and gives the impression that the tableau was carefully arranged as an attempt at humor.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh2B_eSo2W8PCLgxK-RxO9VazXwd49htRDlBhoYGJuij26wWZhnjywui_BYbe9pxRJ44KPhjjB0LiKZpuVULrxRDB4Mw3kW2SAoBW9xohSSLX-zoVEVgQV8D-sdbwsc-F6ZtPgMfQra761HPF-OLK2YcRxQANoTackb06ugAiN0TU8xb94cr-2JSdaO" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1040" data-original-width="1630" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh2B_eSo2W8PCLgxK-RxO9VazXwd49htRDlBhoYGJuij26wWZhnjywui_BYbe9pxRJ44KPhjjB0LiKZpuVULrxRDB4Mw3kW2SAoBW9xohSSLX-zoVEVgQV8D-sdbwsc-F6ZtPgMfQra761HPF-OLK2YcRxQANoTackb06ugAiN0TU8xb94cr-2JSdaO=w467-h297" width="467" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Black on white, White on black," Postcard humor, Atlantic City, circa 1908.</span></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: xx-large; text-align: center;"><span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjAO6eMNOA7KkWPJVyAe6hzzaejl8Uar6GFoIDL280aARCU8a-6tujeWYAR2Rh8Dkk1akG1vhuIe0mr6hbHJ-iiktxuSw9GcPq8VsFmzLtvOnfA7vVRPxbZlnkHy8ZwQ9m4E2UHMdisfHq89J9GSTXGbb5cLY35b3_X1c1Hr4LYC25Z9aBxgxWSq373" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1414" data-original-width="1410" height="390" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjAO6eMNOA7KkWPJVyAe6hzzaejl8Uar6GFoIDL280aARCU8a-6tujeWYAR2Rh8Dkk1akG1vhuIe0mr6hbHJ-iiktxuSw9GcPq8VsFmzLtvOnfA7vVRPxbZlnkHy8ZwQ9m4E2UHMdisfHq89J9GSTXGbb5cLY35b3_X1c1Hr4LYC25Z9aBxgxWSq373=w389-h390" width="389" /></a></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span><span style="font-size: medium;">Detail of back of Black/White riders postcard.</span></span></div><span><br /><br /></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Historical records, however, do identify at least one early twentieth-century sand artist as African-American, Owen Golden, who was well accepted by both spectators and his fellow artists. Mr. Golden was reported to have only one arm, but despite this handicap, he produced quality work that was pleasing to his audience.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: xx-large; text-align: center;"><span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjFJzCzLwJo6OwWMP9kJydtnVcpNFv5IIQqkNEiSi57x1URywqUmkDZ98VuOCxoUaoUGx9KLE2Ouy4e9tElR6_CW2MN79_FTSER3_CM3Il1ocY04NhAP5DCnt9wQUPxF24pfuD8ycjoqcz-Z2cMMw6nr5N9i-MUinMn1ZTv0LrCNxLqSf3FUcbvKZ0z" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="947" data-original-width="1620" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjFJzCzLwJo6OwWMP9kJydtnVcpNFv5IIQqkNEiSi57x1URywqUmkDZ98VuOCxoUaoUGx9KLE2Ouy4e9tElR6_CW2MN79_FTSER3_CM3Il1ocY04NhAP5DCnt9wQUPxF24pfuD8ycjoqcz-Z2cMMw6nr5N9i-MUinMn1ZTv0LrCNxLqSf3FUcbvKZ0z=w428-h250" width="428" /></a></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span><span style="font-size: medium;">One-armed, sculptor circa 1910. Possibly Owen Golden, an African-American.</span></span></div><span><br /><br /></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGWczTS5DZyD3xeP-orp_aNR_X3tlgVCqvc5JQFEALMi_SyVc0nINMbGTJiolH8RUhdyG86Y7u48koAThSqTJlfJhHu9RAgXvtOzBg6kqxHDn-FcqS7nOJNhNJ-D2bvGcs5vk5X38sXLqyfc8E1VJ5wefTqLdNGaMvKPJb4bjFkdcF_LKgO3G41XcB/s964/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-14%20at%206.34.26%20PM%20copy.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="608" data-original-width="964" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGWczTS5DZyD3xeP-orp_aNR_X3tlgVCqvc5JQFEALMi_SyVc0nINMbGTJiolH8RUhdyG86Y7u48koAThSqTJlfJhHu9RAgXvtOzBg6kqxHDn-FcqS7nOJNhNJ-D2bvGcs5vk5X38sXLqyfc8E1VJ5wefTqLdNGaMvKPJb4bjFkdcF_LKgO3G41XcB/w412-h260/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-14%20at%206.34.26%20PM%20copy.png" width="412" /></a></div><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard published in 1907 by Hubin’s Big Post Card Store,<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">welcoming the conventions of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">(Fellow in derby hat is sculptor James Taylor.)</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">As the number of sand artists increased, some boardwalk businesses began to complain that they were losing customers, and the city struggled with rowdy crowds, pickpockets, objections to subject matter that included nudes, and the growing number of less-skilled artists who produced poor-quality work. Eventually, the city was forced to respond by regulating the sand artists with licenses, quality standards, and design approval. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">The sand-sculpture art form struggled into the 1930s despite increased competition from other attractions like “Human Roulette” and “Human Niagara” carnival rides, pageants, theater performances, and concerts. The final blow (pun intended) came in 1944 when the Great Atlantic hurricane struck Atlantic City, ravaging the Boardwalk, flooding many of the hotels, and destroying the amusement piers along the beach. Lost too were the sand sculptures and the stands the artists had built around them. The city leaders, finally seeing an excuse to rid themselves of what had become an increasing nuisance, removed the remaining sculpture structures. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Competitive sand sculpture had planted its feet firmly in the sand under the Atlantic City boardwalk and spread from there to beaches around the world, but after the hurricane, competitive sand sculpture was finished in Atlantic City for the next half-century.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Sand sculpture as an art form with occasional competitions continued to be part of beach cultures with a strong revival of the art in California in the 1970s and other contests scattered on the beaches of the world. In Texas, Walter McDonald and Lucinda Wierenga started Sandcastle Days in 1988 on South Padre Island, and the <span face="-webkit-standard"></span>annual event continues today.</span><span style="font-size: medium;">(3)</span><span style="font-size: x-large;"> In 1997, the first annual SandFest</span><span style="font-size: medium;">(4)</span><span style="font-size: x-large;"> was organized in Port Aransas, Texas. That same year, one hundred years after Philip McCord first sculpted “Cast Up By the Sea,” BeachFest ’97 took place in Atlantic City, with a sponsored “Sandtennial” sculpting contest of more than twenty sculptors working with tons of sand for the crowd.</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">In 2013, John Gowdy, a New Jersey-based “international” sand artist, and others arranged for the World Championship of Sand Sculpture to return to Atlantic City! <span style="font-family: Times;">With the help of AC Alliance, The World Championship of Sand Sculpting Event began in Atlantic City on June 13, 2013.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD1I2MwkAT4GW0cH56IX9UWwLZB2V99gJ62XklEP7WrCsXbQcVyhactYI15u1l33zKJcavZZy6F10zdby9Yf6Vz9P6sJO8dZyjlU7j1jXUIGePcIEn-YgiYNx7QASDVMtvqy8LQSeYhBRLR3Jt5ysvJ3ybQXAzm43FOtsypInpIpUHUWCpreCU_zKb/s1800/JohnGowdy2%20copy.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1350" data-original-width="1800" height="294" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD1I2MwkAT4GW0cH56IX9UWwLZB2V99gJ62XklEP7WrCsXbQcVyhactYI15u1l33zKJcavZZy6F10zdby9Yf6Vz9P6sJO8dZyjlU7j1jXUIGePcIEn-YgiYNx7QASDVMtvqy8LQSeYhBRLR3Jt5ysvJ3ybQXAzm43FOtsypInpIpUHUWCpreCU_zKb/w392-h294/JohnGowdy2%20copy.jpeg" width="392" /></a></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: medium;">2013 World Championship of Sand Sculpting, Atlantic City.</span></span></div><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><h2><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-large;">Okay, back to the Mystery of Philip McCord and James Taylor:</span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: xx-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Below is a postcard mailed in 1910 with a later version of “Cast Up by the Sea” by James Taylor. There are many contemporary accounts of Philip McCord’s 1897 sculpture in Atlantic City, and sand sculptors commonly regard McCord as the “godfather” of their art, but we find only scant historical records of the event and no photographs of McCord. </span><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifosyhZ0zbInQcBW9uho2qkvTjrMxpQ9hOTifddMuNgBAAY7cj5bywhg3Rng8vYDu7rwkzyqZzu1idinCviiWroFmiQQokDXWrgrFl4NvwXGxZMCKqkUa61vj0HsOfb4wcKN2E9jliV4THN_Ebc2gNmzOQ87uJkzhPEIThflqLPIkk39BpzgTgrsTZ/s1618/12xxx%20Taylor%20Cast%20Up%20CA%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1618" data-original-width="1014" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifosyhZ0zbInQcBW9uho2qkvTjrMxpQ9hOTifddMuNgBAAY7cj5bywhg3Rng8vYDu7rwkzyqZzu1idinCviiWroFmiQQokDXWrgrFl4NvwXGxZMCKqkUa61vj0HsOfb4wcKN2E9jliV4THN_Ebc2gNmzOQ87uJkzhPEIThflqLPIkk39BpzgTgrsTZ/s320/12xxx%20Taylor%20Cast%20Up%20CA%20copy.jpg" width="201" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpp757kxiSv71UN841pm2Ai3Qfbw8Jl8XHGfcsUHakodYlSDnYPdJ-bsHa37fqXJwkkuto3kXVpTmRinlRtDXv7fS9n_pr2HOTpnUPLqyThypg61LDePS1oNL8zyvj57cPfJFPJfRfORvaq6iYwzPBtg_bIcLydcO7uH69p1LX5ArYLN8qFLEx4pIp/s1617/12xxx%20Taylor%20Cast%20Up%20CAbk%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1617" data-original-width="1022" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpp757kxiSv71UN841pm2Ai3Qfbw8Jl8XHGfcsUHakodYlSDnYPdJ-bsHa37fqXJwkkuto3kXVpTmRinlRtDXv7fS9n_pr2HOTpnUPLqyThypg61LDePS1oNL8zyvj57cPfJFPJfRfORvaq6iYwzPBtg_bIcLydcO7uH69p1LX5ArYLN8qFLEx4pIp/s320/12xxx%20Taylor%20Cast%20Up%20CAbk%20copy.jpg" width="202" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1910 Postcard, Monterrey, California. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Message: <i>This is another view of the kind of work I showed you on the last postcard. <o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: medium;">And to think this could be done with nothing but the sand as found along the beach.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">We do know that James Taylor was working in Atlantic City as a sand sculptor in 1899, and that he also worked as a hotel waiter in 1904, according to the city directory. His work as a sand sculptor in Atlantic City and the beaches of California was well recorded on postcards and newspaper articles. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">During this era, the motif of “Cast Up by the Sea” would have resonated with the public, as shipwrecks were not uncommon at the time, and similar subjects were described in art and literature. The scene is possibly based on works like this 1873 wood engraving by Winslow Homer, also titled, “Cast Up by the Sea.” </span><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS5aIKtBWaTyUOsuwHsOo702_65u-imvpGjbQ0N6iDhfGUSNS-4JyubPsucNw_yJ7SsYC7AfsW0ms24bLmnGSL1ooBw3dZnsvoGn4NRye5mb0_YF_l92FDK0__R1SBabp6COeSz8KAwEac02Re3nmLFxUEo9KW4OsWYiRMWIi3HlWtFODJkQbzBaDJ/s1800/CastUpWHomer%20copy.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1245" data-original-width="1800" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS5aIKtBWaTyUOsuwHsOo702_65u-imvpGjbQ0N6iDhfGUSNS-4JyubPsucNw_yJ7SsYC7AfsW0ms24bLmnGSL1ooBw3dZnsvoGn4NRye5mb0_YF_l92FDK0__R1SBabp6COeSz8KAwEac02Re3nmLFxUEo9KW4OsWYiRMWIi3HlWtFODJkQbzBaDJ/w382-h263/CastUpWHomer%20copy.png" width="382" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard of 1873 wood engraving, “Cast Up by the Sea,” Winslow Homer.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">By 1908, sculptor James Taylor had left Atlantic City for the West Coast, where he worked the beaches of California for a few years, and he complimented the moldable nature of the sand when compared to that of the Atlantic coast. The woman clutching a babe to her breast was usually the centerpiece of his work, and her dress, full of folds and undulations, took Taylor about two hours to complete. He knew how to work the crowd, waiting until a decent number of onlookers had gathered before he began a piece. He never mourned the fleeting nature of his chosen art form and their loss to the incoming tide, saying, “The material is still there and I can do the work again.”</span><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8gSHJG9OzcMyt1OpDBmkj_ip2dFOJbn9bjHOh0pxm8UvxQvTgiS0PZ03wnGZR5MTjoXOiUmDyRPv1cDj8QSMc_KQZIGV9ne4ywAJYusdURnkbHElOJn4V3dZgwOBBwezWO6EdvDJolK0-8CTheJwt4Ch-Gy0u94Wf6GUWlnTy54I9976t53zkSqTi/s1800/taylor1%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1388" data-original-width="1800" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8gSHJG9OzcMyt1OpDBmkj_ip2dFOJbn9bjHOh0pxm8UvxQvTgiS0PZ03wnGZR5MTjoXOiUmDyRPv1cDj8QSMc_KQZIGV9ne4ywAJYusdURnkbHElOJn4V3dZgwOBBwezWO6EdvDJolK0-8CTheJwt4Ch-Gy0u94Wf6GUWlnTy54I9976t53zkSqTi/w386-h299/taylor1%20copy.jpg" width="386" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">James Taylor working in front of the Steel Pier, circa 1906.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBKXSPoZMBvLAIZJx8JyPjQvhNSUecx6IA-FUP0aqGlHKLCBYVRMJEeNfxcUiSb9EjWtsO-jnXnhF_BggW7DisIo3wvT0G556EJeiOWwdxjY4n-pWDuCCX22UDA5iHj8H_1u_Jh2-58-zXGt_r-BfnFHQF37gSfPId6PCxdwqk7W5ngdSMf2S5q_54/s1620/0xxTaylor%20AC%2006%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="982" data-original-width="1620" height="237" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBKXSPoZMBvLAIZJx8JyPjQvhNSUecx6IA-FUP0aqGlHKLCBYVRMJEeNfxcUiSb9EjWtsO-jnXnhF_BggW7DisIo3wvT0G556EJeiOWwdxjY4n-pWDuCCX22UDA5iHj8H_1u_Jh2-58-zXGt_r-BfnFHQF37gSfPId6PCxdwqk7W5ngdSMf2S5q_54/w392-h237/0xxTaylor%20AC%2006%20copy.jpg" width="392" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard titled, “Afternoon Tea.” James Taylor 1906.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Note the two sticks at the waterline which may have helped Taylor keep track of the incoming tide.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhZ9QMhlq5vYLIriJ5orTSimjBimLoko_DaGd1zzcwI0VTC2Kt4eHvYlxcnF7s-XcO1_9vsujp1cPO-dwZx4XT00cRIvJcsrV3Ex5nZvRAVHMj0YwLzMjAuirNhvGqoeJjPpbJbLFhBvjS_3R7zgV7bs0eCRrONn_jI9_9PisLBzymMiYOc8oLDk8K/s810/10xxTaylor%20Cliff%20House%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="810" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhZ9QMhlq5vYLIriJ5orTSimjBimLoko_DaGd1zzcwI0VTC2Kt4eHvYlxcnF7s-XcO1_9vsujp1cPO-dwZx4XT00cRIvJcsrV3Ex5nZvRAVHMj0YwLzMjAuirNhvGqoeJjPpbJbLFhBvjS_3R7zgV7bs0eCRrONn_jI9_9PisLBzymMiYOc8oLDk8K/w385-h242/10xxTaylor%20Cliff%20House%20copy.jpg" width="385" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">1909 postcard, James Taylor, Cliff House, San Francisco.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">James J. Taylor was born in 1860. He died at Seaside Hospital, Long Beach, in 1918. He had been found in a shack on Alamitos Bay, ill and destitute. Taylor had often admonished his audience, “Don’t forget the worker,” as a way of asking for donations or tips, as well as recognition for the class of “workers,” and for himself. His work and his name remain today on thousands of old postcards and photographs. Time, like the incoming tide, washes the sand clean again.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p></div><br /><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">But wait, what about Philip McCord?</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-weight: 400;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">After the apparent sand sculpture of “Cast Up By the Sea,” in 1897, Philip McCord seemed to disappear from the scene…<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><i>However,</i> a few sources mention a shadowy “sand artist” who wandered the Midwest for 20 years or more, drifting like a hobo but occasionally stopping to sculpt the figures of “Cast Up by the Sea” in sand or riverbank mud. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">An article in the April 16, 1915 issue of the <i>Moberly Weekly Monitor,</i> Moberly, Missouri, titled “Sculptor Astonishes Citizens with Life-Size Model of Mother and Babe,” reported that a man had arrived in town who gave his name only as “Sand Artist” as he worked in a pile of wet sand and fashioned the classic subject. The newspaper reported that he worked at the end of North Williams Street, and molded a pile of sand into a work he called “<i>Washed </i>Up By the Sea.” The artist stated that he worked in ashes or mud when no sand was available. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Was this visitor to Moberly Philip McCord? In a book by Don Eggspuehler, <i>Teachings from Pop,</i> AuthorHouse Press, 2014, the author relates a story about a mysterious sculptor who wandered Kansas and Iowa, occasionally carving the figures of a mother and babe into riverbank sand. The artist told onlookers that the figures represented his wife and child who drowned in the Pueblo, Colorado floods of 1922; he went on to say that he had studied art at the <i>Philadelphia</i>Academy of Fine Arts. Eggspuehler’s account mixes the stories of Philip McCord and that of James Taylor, but he goes on to speculate about Philip McCord “making a meager living touring the country coast-to-coast carving the same scene over and over.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-weight: 400; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">A current online story by the <i>Argus Newspaper</i> Museum in Table Rock, Nebraska, reports a recent finding of a 1921 photograph and newspaper article in the museum’s archives titled “Cast Up by the Sea.”</span><span style="font-size: medium;">(5)</span><span style="font-size: x-large;"> Museum tour guide Sharla Sitzman reported finding the photograph below and an April 22, 1921, <i>Argus Newspaper</i> article which gave the artist’s name as <i>J. B. McCord</i>. He said he was from <i>Philadelphia</i> and had worked with some of the greatest artists in the country. McCord worked the sandy soil beside a creek using only his hands and a butcher knife. Beside him on the ground lay a sign that said, “Throw a penny to the artist.” It was estimated that he collected perhaps $15... and moved on...</span><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="font-weight: 400; text-align: start;"><br /></div><p></p></h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBrl-LM69KQqGRIlAyDr8g9K-AfOR9S_AZ7jKazSIkJDMkOa9NzlIQGOl80hQMYJf-bPNOdM-eKtHA-mq0BVEnnrjxEhIntE-kODmndu_8G5wk7BhagNJQzISfpV7PG9T6bMQPVGdKu9LKTAW3bybh0V7hqy1TYcDGhDITij2wqwuAh-IKS0XcRw9Z/s1200/McCordcastupNE21%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="790" height="412" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBrl-LM69KQqGRIlAyDr8g9K-AfOR9S_AZ7jKazSIkJDMkOa9NzlIQGOl80hQMYJf-bPNOdM-eKtHA-mq0BVEnnrjxEhIntE-kODmndu_8G5wk7BhagNJQzISfpV7PG9T6bMQPVGdKu9LKTAW3bybh0V7hqy1TYcDGhDITij2wqwuAh-IKS0XcRw9Z/w272-h412/McCordcastupNE21%20copy.jpg" width="272" /></a></div><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Photograph of creek-side sculpture by Mr. McCord <o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>Argus</i>, Table Rock, Nebraska, 1921</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: center;"><br clear="all" /></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">We know that James Taylor died in 1918, and the accounts of Philip McCord seem to be only sparsely scattered throughout the first few decades of the twentieth century, but the two men seem to be distinctly separate individuals. No matter who first sculpted “Cast Up in by the Sea,” it is a melancholy yet engaging story that certainly left its mark in the sand.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: large;">The sands of time are quicksands ... so much can sink into them without a trace.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">––Margaret Atwood</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_ajW_nkAh9CvIaMs5i_jTd0StGqIznMlaF6X3aOvRUQF7Lt2frlvZbyO8yyZHgHBDdI_lsG1chb_VewaMshULpYABnmRoagOzKI5Gv92PmYRWHmg1T2hARKLNGqJx2ZVhmrv3b4cG0aR8YFsJ3dySytZzf2ie5zZNS9GnREveUaljGfJV4nnCREO3/s1249/deserted-beach%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="238" data-original-width="1249" height="48" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_ajW_nkAh9CvIaMs5i_jTd0StGqIznMlaF6X3aOvRUQF7Lt2frlvZbyO8yyZHgHBDdI_lsG1chb_VewaMshULpYABnmRoagOzKI5Gv92PmYRWHmg1T2hARKLNGqJx2ZVhmrv3b4cG0aR8YFsJ3dySytZzf2ie5zZNS9GnREveUaljGfJV4nnCREO3/w413-h48/deserted-beach%20copy.jpg" width="413" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Note: Many thanks to my friend Mike Foster and his twin brother, Pat Foster, both sand sculptors and members in good standing of Sons of the Beach, for their support in shaping this small mound of gritty history.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: large;">If any of you readers can add sourced details about the lives of Philip McCord or James J. Taylor, please get in touch.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></p><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Footnotes:</span></span></div><p></p><div><span style="font-size: medium;">(1) Atlantic City Alliance, 2014 online presentation about sand sculpture competition in Atlantic City: http://www.multivu.com/players/English/7074852-atlantic-city-do-ac-sand-sculpture-world-cup/links/7074852-sand-world-cup-backgrounder-bios-2014-final-formatted.pdf</span></div><div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">(2) Metz, Holly, “Selling Sand & Sea,” Clarion (Folk Art), American Folk Art Museum, New York, Summer 1992. https://www.hollymetz.net/files/essays_and_articles/Sand-Art.pdf</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">(3). Master Sand sculptors Walter McDonald (aka Amazin’ Walter) and Lucinda Wierenga (aka Sandy Feet) </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">South Padre Island, Texas. https://www.sandcastledays.com </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">The History of Sand Sculpture, Lucinda "Sandy Feet" Wierenga.</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">https://www.sandcastlecentral.com/resources/history.html</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">https://www.fmbsandsculpting.com/speaker/amazin-walter-mcdonald/</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">(4) texassandfest.org</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">(5) https://www.tablerockhistoricalsociety.com/cast-up-by-the-sea-art-in-table-rock.html</span></div></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">Ken Wilson</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="http://ken-wilson.com">ken-wilson.com</a></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p></span></div><div><p></p></div>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-9519250816973332162022-10-03T14:14:00.007-07:002022-12-11T17:41:40.432-08:00<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-large;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: xx-large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDzrpd5pQY8ZmjdaNj7cZC5r5VTbq5Cf-1MHLIoTXXPsbNJiArNZu29VfjQ6ERmW98hOR2KUZOPRWWgoTnxXRMu-W2s859P-0NbwhDyob3G8nufyBF9rkW8tJXOjVVyVCvajFGXsfB76OlCmcnJhiKF2_aFsHCfgRdDgj0bzvedCLlRmVTUmXKxmrC/s720/Belle5June26crop.jpg" style="font-family: -webkit-standard; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="677" data-original-width="720" height="99" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDzrpd5pQY8ZmjdaNj7cZC5r5VTbq5Cf-1MHLIoTXXPsbNJiArNZu29VfjQ6ERmW98hOR2KUZOPRWWgoTnxXRMu-W2s859P-0NbwhDyob3G8nufyBF9rkW8tJXOjVVyVCvajFGXsfB76OlCmcnJhiKF2_aFsHCfgRdDgj0bzvedCLlRmVTUmXKxmrC/w105-h99/Belle5June26crop.jpg" width="105" /></a></span></p><h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #990000; font-family: georgia; font-size: x-large;">Where are you Belle?</span></h1><h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;">A Western Romance in Five Postcards</span><span style="color: #cc0000; font-size: large;"> </span></span></h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Today’s offering: A short, unfinished story––to be read between the lines–– illustrated with five postcard views of the American West which were mailed to Miss Belle Riley, Allensville, Kentucky in 1907.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> April 8, 1907:</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuEs6f3fg5nOkxgrHvS6-W9IcvQGa7AZTOLlfYpXVclX7Owv--NmUmiVsdBSDG1_02_QUVyT_dpS2jONlB39xbHWJKFyYJqS1MEGGA0xj3K-p6GSfKFTt7fjs1ZTm1rpXTFaQbWYt6QoxSnNCaFiRhOwXKHjPmk9Vn5G4YMEFGYP_UHYMa076ZM1-I/s1612/Belle1Apr8.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1048" data-original-width="1612" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuEs6f3fg5nOkxgrHvS6-W9IcvQGa7AZTOLlfYpXVclX7Owv--NmUmiVsdBSDG1_02_QUVyT_dpS2jONlB39xbHWJKFyYJqS1MEGGA0xj3K-p6GSfKFTt7fjs1ZTm1rpXTFaQbWYt6QoxSnNCaFiRhOwXKHjPmk9Vn5G4YMEFGYP_UHYMa076ZM1-I/w418-h272/Belle1Apr8.jpg" width="418" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg80nSCuH3Lyv3IlsMXUPXElBL641O5KlyXCy9TNIbYJvtWfTjFJ2HxiDbrqlp9qdcSIA58d8bWqyhiNbcJ0XE3yBYaZOlVTPik1lSnPkb6tX-Kw5rGCYbHEC70sfjuFyyf4cIr_47VYPXRyFxfAPgGo9Bic9mw-ygmAQ__AbdAi4NUjr54qA0dGLvs/s1610/Belle1Apr8bk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1039" data-original-width="1610" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg80nSCuH3Lyv3IlsMXUPXElBL641O5KlyXCy9TNIbYJvtWfTjFJ2HxiDbrqlp9qdcSIA58d8bWqyhiNbcJ0XE3yBYaZOlVTPik1lSnPkb6tX-Kw5rGCYbHEC70sfjuFyyf4cIr_47VYPXRyFxfAPgGo9Bic9mw-ygmAQ__AbdAi4NUjr54qA0dGLvs/w200-h128/Belle1Apr8bk.jpg" width="200" /></a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">M 339 Dinner in the cow camp. The cow “punchers” at home.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard photographer and publisher, Charles E. Morris, Chinook, Montana. Printed in Germany.</span></p></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">It takes quite a few to look after 2,500 head of cattle — With love Jim</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> March 21, 1907:</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLRjW4rw43YwDqYaQN6IHBeBg6Hc-rr2SpxuifXgDG-Nap2p2Qst2Ykl7iRZDlF2iu6fQqpgEhujXeMO6FmJjUo66c1XXe-QAh8wKhorSQq7PLOIOzBJ3nFtxVwA0H1mnSgRt7nuhDF2UqII7YaKcnVVuIRQpd3BlOxQR-vzxayayX39vYx-ncGjh0/s1617/Belle2Mar21.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1058" data-original-width="1617" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLRjW4rw43YwDqYaQN6IHBeBg6Hc-rr2SpxuifXgDG-Nap2p2Qst2Ykl7iRZDlF2iu6fQqpgEhujXeMO6FmJjUo66c1XXe-QAh8wKhorSQq7PLOIOzBJ3nFtxVwA0H1mnSgRt7nuhDF2UqII7YaKcnVVuIRQpd3BlOxQR-vzxayayX39vYx-ncGjh0/w414-h271/Belle2Mar21.jpg" width="414" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMmCBlTDjSzfq_aNIqz_iK08doHCwtzXHSkadqZ-QHTJy_dMCqYjuYvHmRfP04AvT8BHIDsH2r2dITnuhRrkJ1tYAoyqYKDOulHEmdlgqzoY-r_nnV1aSZd3Plx8MMW8XKR8ESvyChDJByFi8VENqMaaPwZj3l5Hq2vjiM_rIopj8kCHW3AX47L0YA/s1625/Belle2Mar21bk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1052" data-original-width="1625" height="129" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMmCBlTDjSzfq_aNIqz_iK08doHCwtzXHSkadqZ-QHTJy_dMCqYjuYvHmRfP04AvT8BHIDsH2r2dITnuhRrkJ1tYAoyqYKDOulHEmdlgqzoY-r_nnV1aSZd3Plx8MMW8XKR8ESvyChDJByFi8VENqMaaPwZj3l5Hq2vjiM_rIopj8kCHW3AX47L0YA/w201-h129/Belle2Mar21bk.jpg" width="201" /></a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">M 304 Branding a “Maverick” on the prairie.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard photographer and publisher, Charles E. Morris, Chinook, Montana. Printed in Germany.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><br /><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Mott, N.D., Mch 21, 1907<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">These scenes are passing very fast here – Jim</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> March 22, 1907:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOVe2rIw9akQGE9umCSYl3L1L1ujgjbEENWU_3jr27Y3bEMFJE4I-xQ6rZN0i8uNHqKITVqMoJIeu0MbyfLPaskBqbBDOZ_t7cyj3wUt_f4GpWgz2OEJ232lpGCPCKKPA7RVfmNeQdfvChtdRj_KZM1PyO1_jQb4r8CH3cTh6MDGCRLYiNkyASyH3m/s1624/Belle3Mar22.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1053" data-original-width="1624" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOVe2rIw9akQGE9umCSYl3L1L1ujgjbEENWU_3jr27Y3bEMFJE4I-xQ6rZN0i8uNHqKITVqMoJIeu0MbyfLPaskBqbBDOZ_t7cyj3wUt_f4GpWgz2OEJ232lpGCPCKKPA7RVfmNeQdfvChtdRj_KZM1PyO1_jQb4r8CH3cTh6MDGCRLYiNkyASyH3m/w418-h270/Belle3Mar22.jpg" width="418" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDpc_l4p5Cc9XJSGVZFvMgYBRVhbhZ_oIpHCeDbGhEIHlrPnRN98coP4W1EvWUwzMXHifPE_CL3YkISCkJW8YNrV-8nuvLF8SOKLN8pSO3IGJ7CWlBSR4XWy1UhD9YzxLnjzzrxR3cYmR1z6bQ0h7BvGNNGObNrU41vZv4o9npPDrpaHyQfi5sKB-u/s1622/Belle3Mar22bk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1052" data-original-width="1622" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDpc_l4p5Cc9XJSGVZFvMgYBRVhbhZ_oIpHCeDbGhEIHlrPnRN98coP4W1EvWUwzMXHifPE_CL3YkISCkJW8YNrV-8nuvLF8SOKLN8pSO3IGJ7CWlBSR4XWy1UhD9YzxLnjzzrxR3cYmR1z6bQ0h7BvGNNGObNrU41vZv4o9npPDrpaHyQfi5sKB-u/w199-h130/Belle3Mar22bk.jpg" width="199" /></a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">M 229 A beef Herd watering at a Lake.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postcard photographer and publisher, Charles E. Morris, Chinook, Montana. Printed in Germany.</span></p></div><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Mch 22, 1907, Mott, N.D.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Dear Belle – Have been delayed on account of a wash out on RR. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Will leave for S.D. tonight. With love Jim</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: large;"> March 24, 1907:</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc9gmPeU5LyD1in1UcF3mDkw3nr8rStfIEUD4Wm-emmbj1TDNml1WYHa-3pPVaj7PzROQifVvov6rKbmioTlOGSt_pFZQw0XI8e1JTOJjEJcOkg2vmuTPT7-CTyrftEQPA1FkbmtgjyqwGnqxjP2wZ9pbt_0J0UxfRmK-fTvTiiHkfqEnI4gQPotBi/s1618/Belle4Mar24.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1050" data-original-width="1618" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc9gmPeU5LyD1in1UcF3mDkw3nr8rStfIEUD4Wm-emmbj1TDNml1WYHa-3pPVaj7PzROQifVvov6rKbmioTlOGSt_pFZQw0XI8e1JTOJjEJcOkg2vmuTPT7-CTyrftEQPA1FkbmtgjyqwGnqxjP2wZ9pbt_0J0UxfRmK-fTvTiiHkfqEnI4gQPotBi/w422-h273/Belle4Mar24.jpg" width="422" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqBBpZ-lhyWVS3IzKdXsSfcSsbGydwV3hGbu3QGOHWWqBm1P27GQ3k7TZO2qQY3h1DVZrRCodH4H_KxvMZtsV31Hr7OlzIFsy8eSFE_aE6cpC_8s8_x5N2wD5ePHwY-JhiABi_PHjOukBNAPaHvMRX0hL4RwwBTBU2BB78OhCK1QdVU1mNBhSHMUcL/s1622/Belle4Mar24bk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1045" data-original-width="1622" height="127" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqBBpZ-lhyWVS3IzKdXsSfcSsbGydwV3hGbu3QGOHWWqBm1P27GQ3k7TZO2qQY3h1DVZrRCodH4H_KxvMZtsV31Hr7OlzIFsy8eSFE_aE6cpC_8s8_x5N2wD5ePHwY-JhiABi_PHjOukBNAPaHvMRX0hL4RwwBTBU2BB78OhCK1QdVU1mNBhSHMUcL/w197-h127/Belle4Mar24bk.jpg" width="197" /></a><br /><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Round up Wagon and Riders, Dickinson, N. D.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Published by the Rotograph Co., N.Y., Printed in Germany.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">This scene is near me Belle, How long before you will see this?<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Mch 24, 1907 With Love Jim</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p></div><br /><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-size: large;"> June 26, 1907:</span><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQI6vgjvw2AX-0M5hzpiGtjgkBnYkxVtTPs0Up32JsvNymbvH4ToIF3iuKLKHU2xx-tSFkUm_avB6RFw9WymEVCry_tSYQ0t9DZhnIMs-eeOBBX1hAL-_T-W9pTfBqRbJgQUCGRN4j3JtR0--5OZplkx2zO63eTX_AbDn-xgMJpz66GWNDNtK2UH_E/s1629/Belle5June26.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1059" data-original-width="1629" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQI6vgjvw2AX-0M5hzpiGtjgkBnYkxVtTPs0Up32JsvNymbvH4ToIF3iuKLKHU2xx-tSFkUm_avB6RFw9WymEVCry_tSYQ0t9DZhnIMs-eeOBBX1hAL-_T-W9pTfBqRbJgQUCGRN4j3JtR0--5OZplkx2zO63eTX_AbDn-xgMJpz66GWNDNtK2UH_E/w403-h261/Belle5June26.jpeg" width="403" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjKWVgV5xkcnpNyOs0k9ysCmgjzhqXNm3O6z24yfF1pjOf4pBNKMxtkBKSEOKTwT-exN8MkVPrA_OMz4kejS68tuRkqk169iBZ-LgS7S7j3e2emSfDjw605rAZf3AYfi9zq5vvqBN9-x9yY--MFyDkH3-W4_Lr8oMCsz1aM1-FtTeu3ujUK72uNINC/s1628/Belle5June26bk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1058" data-original-width="1628" height="127" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjKWVgV5xkcnpNyOs0k9ysCmgjzhqXNm3O6z24yfF1pjOf4pBNKMxtkBKSEOKTwT-exN8MkVPrA_OMz4kejS68tuRkqk169iBZ-LgS7S7j3e2emSfDjw605rAZf3AYfi9zq5vvqBN9-x9yY--MFyDkH3-W4_Lr8oMCsz1aM1-FtTeu3ujUK72uNINC/w196-h127/Belle5June26bk.jpg" width="196" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">K 778 Cow Girl on a “Broncho.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Photo copyrighted 1906 by Morris & Kirby, Chinook, Mont. Printed in Germany.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><br /><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Mott N.D., June 26, 1907<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Dear Belle:– Two years hence. “You” Love Jim<o:p></o:p></span></span></p></div><p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;">Sadly, we have no further evidence of Belle and Jim. Did Belle join Jim in the Dakotas? Why was Jim expecting that Belle might join him after a delay of two years? Was he establishing a ranch or a business in order to support Belle? Was he waiting for her to be give her family’s blessing to marry? And the biggest question, of course: Did they fulfill Jim’s hopes and make a life together?<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;">I purchased this group of five postcards at a postcard show/sale a few years ago. I am always intrigued by the “back story” of postcards that contain handwritten messages and occasionally one finds several cards mailed to the same recipient. In most cases they were saved for at least a generation or more and later discarded. Many are simply thrown away, but often the more appealing or remarkable ones find their way to the antique resale market where collectors, historians, artists, and others purchase them for their artistic or historic merit. This particular group of cards passed from Jim to Belle, perhaps then on to someone else in Belle’s circle of family or friends, and then to at least one postcard dealer before I purchased them. They will no doubt continue their journey for years to come.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;">My current avocation involves fleshing out the stories behind such old postcards (See <i>Snapshots and Short Notes</i>, U. of N. Texas Press, 2020) and I was hoping to search internet sites such as Ancestry, Newspapers.com, and Find-a-Grave to discover more about this couple and their long-distance romance, but it was not to be. Belle’s relatively common surname, Riley and the small town of Allensville, Kentucky did not lead me to additional details, and Jim gave us did not divulge his last name or other clues.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #0c343d;">In consolation, there are always other avenues to explore with old postcards. In this case, four of the five cards were printed from photographs taken by Charles E, Morris, a very well known Montana photographer who traveled the west by horseback and wagon documenting a rapidly vanishing way of life. He was friends with artist Charlie Russell, who sometimes painted from Morris’s photograph suggestions. Morris’s work as a photographer is respected for its quality and the historical value of the subject matter. For more about his work see Images of the West: Charles E. Morris, </span><i style="color: #0c343d;">Big Sky Journal</i><span style="color: #0c343d;">, Winter 2017. </span><span style="color: #0c343d;"> </span></span><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: xx-large;"> </span><a href="https://bigskyjournal.com/images-west-charles-e-morris/"><span style="color: #418bf2; font-size: large;">https://bigskyjournal.com/images-west-charles-e-morris/</span></a><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: xx-large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;">Note that these postcards were mechanically printed from photographs rather than being actual photographs printed by a photographic process. They were printed in Germany, as were many American postcards prior to WWI, because Germany had better printing techniques and inks at that time. There are many postcards from this era printed as actual black and white photographs from original negatives; they are identified in the trade as RPPCs, Real Photo Post Cards. Just after the turn of the century portable cameras and simple developing kits enhanced the world-wide postcard communication and collecting era for both professional and amateur photographers by making it possible to photographically print an image on a postcard back for mailing. A real photo postcard of any of the five postcards in this essay would have been sharper in focus and more desirable, commanding a much higher price on the antique market. In this particular case however, the value lies in the charming, yet mysterious and unfinished romance between Jim and Belle.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"><b>Belle? Where are you? <o:p></o:p></b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"><b>If anyone can add to this story, please get in touch.</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><b> </b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;">October 30, 2022 Addendum:</span><o:p></o:p></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">When doing further research about Belle Riley, I found a contribution to Ancestry.com for Belle Riley <i>Ewing</i>, posted by Jeff Rice, her first cousin, four times removed. Belle Riley was his great, great grandfather’s first cousin from Allensville, Kentucky, who later married Robert Gray Ewing and, in some unrecorded family story, left “Jim” alone in North Dakota. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Belle (Isabella) Riley was born in 1886 to Napoleon and Isabella Riley in Kentucky, and although she seems to have had a persistent North Dakota suitor in “Jim” during 1907, Belle remained single until she was 33 years old. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">According to Mr. Rice, her family raised horses and mules in Kentucky, and she won several horse-showing competitions as a young woman. She was apparently quite the socialite and among other news articles available on Ancestry.com, a 1907 article in the <i>Russellville, Kentucky News-Democrat</i> describes an elaborately decorated party Miss Riley gave in honor of a visitor from Eddyville, KY. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Belle married Robert Gray Ewing, of Elkton, Kentucky, in November 1918, in Allensville, Kentucky. Mr. Ewing made a living as a traveling salesman for the Zinsmeister Wholesale Grocery in Greenville, Kentucky. In 1937, Mrs. Belle Ewing and friends attended a reunion of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in Louisville. Robert died of injuries from an automobile wreck in 1951, but Belle survived the incident with only a broken arm. Belle died in 1960, and she and Robert are buried side-by-side in Allensville.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">As things stand today, neither Belle’s cousin (X4), Jeff Rice, nor I have been able to identify Belle’s postcard writer, Jim from North Dakota. Romantically inclined readers may be disappointed that Jim’s efforts to lure Belle out to the Western Plains did not result in a story-book happy ending, but perhaps that is in keeping with the mysterious ways of the heart. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">But, as consolation, remember that <i>someone</i>, likely Belle, kept Jim’s five 1907 postcards for many years, and they have survived her death for another significant period of time. Who saved them? Who thought about Belle and Jim over the years? We may never know those answers, but the cards remain, and, in some sense, the romance lives on.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><i><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><i>The course of true love never did run smooth.</i><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"></span></span></p><p align="center" class="b-qt" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 11.25pt;"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">––Shakespeare</span></span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #0c343d; font-size: x-large;">Ken Wilson</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; line-height: 32px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="color: #4793e5; font-size: x-large;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(12, 52, 61);"><a href="http://ken-wilson.com">ken-wilson.com</a></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bradley Hand";"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></i></p></div><p></p>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-80526834897850986142020-11-25T15:23:00.007-08:002022-12-28T09:07:03.809-08:00Post Cards, Souvenirs, and Rubber-Neck Buses!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2Q8Tkf0jVd6v0r2lfTTMJKyKciSJz4bivDtW18wrE0sM_YoPqg1wesSfinXjE082r4Znr8DiCwRwQLAKSXuJZ9aB1lSKFwpEZs5x5X3ya5uKx8NCWO5emzwxxEgNLWp0es86uWRp6Z58/s1645/83Woodward.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1645" data-original-width="1076" height="573" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2Q8Tkf0jVd6v0r2lfTTMJKyKciSJz4bivDtW18wrE0sM_YoPqg1wesSfinXjE082r4Znr8DiCwRwQLAKSXuJZ9aB1lSKFwpEZs5x5X3ya5uKx8NCWO5emzwxxEgNLWp0es86uWRp6Z58/w374-h573/83Woodward.jpg" width="374" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Postcard. Dietsche Remembrance Shop and Auto Tours, Detroit, MI. circa 1910<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Still suffering pandemic lockdown? <o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span><span style="font-size: large;">How about a virtual sightseeing trip to Detroit?</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Long before Smokey Robinson, Diana Ross, Marvin Gaye, Gladys Knight, and so many other wonderful musical artists gave us the “Motown Sound,” Detroit was labeled “Motor City” when the explosive growth of the automobile industry made Detroit the fourth largest city in the nation by 1920. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Automotive pioneers like Henry Ford, Ransom Olds, Walter Chrysler, and the Dodge Brothers established Detroit as the world’s automotive capital. Henry Ford test-drove his first automobile in Detroit. Detroit was the first city to use stop signs, lane markings, traffic signals and marked pedestrian crossings, and the city had the first traffic cops and traffic courts. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">After the devastating fire of 1805 leveled the city of Detroit, Territorial Judge Augustus B. Woodward laid out a new city plan fashioned after cities like Washington D.C. and Paris, with broad avenues that radiated outward and traffic circles that opened the city to the world. Woodward Avenue, known as “Detroit’s Main Street,” was named in the Judge's honor, and it flows through the heart of the city, providing access to local businesses and a receptive welcome to visitors and sightseers. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Just after the turn of the twentieth century, as Detroit was enjoying immense population growth, postcard publisher and retailer A. C. Dietsche saw the commercial potential of a business corner at Woodward Avenue and Larned Street. The corner was in the center of Detroit's commercial district, a place where he could sell Detroit souvenirs, postcards, booklets, valentines, and cigars! His well-positioned Remembrance Shop was also the headquarters for Dietsche’s “Seeing Detroit” bus tours. Not only was Detroit attracting thousands of newcomers and visitors, but postcards were at their peak; the “Golden Age of Postcards” was in full swing; postcards were the social media of the day, and sales were soaring!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvB4Yo1M21vVihdic0Q_uGWgtWJLgdJMeQCpHY954HTj-wKMAPQUQ_Y_yNInED7Z0KXNy0TmHciqGcBZWrFiKGzM08GFAWrw6Wq_bU1YRnUCUElFFcEOu0PPrtc4tgfEmuBHEfsddElrI/s1612/Dshop.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1052" data-original-width="1612" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvB4Yo1M21vVihdic0Q_uGWgtWJLgdJMeQCpHY954HTj-wKMAPQUQ_Y_yNInED7Z0KXNy0TmHciqGcBZWrFiKGzM08GFAWrw6Wq_bU1YRnUCUElFFcEOu0PPrtc4tgfEmuBHEfsddElrI/w547-h358/Dshop.jpg" width="547" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Postcard. A. C. Dietsche’s Remembrance Shop, Detroit, Mich. Circa 1910.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Note postcards on racks, walls, and ceiling!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Newspaper advertisements for Dietsche’s shop were small, but were frequently posted in the Detroit Free Press from 1906 to 1910, offering gifts, mementos, and postcards in all categories, including holidays, scenic views, and the State Fair. Especially popular were postcards depicting the Detroit Tiger baseball stars Ty Cobb, Bill Donovan, Sam Crawford, Ed Summers, and others during their American League pennant years of 1907-09. If a postcard collector ever wanted to go back in time (and we all do), Dietsche's shop would be a prime destination!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><o:p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">In addition to the postcard and souvenir shop, Dietsche acquired a fleet of seven three-ton Packard open mini-buses between 1910 and 1915, each designed to carry twenty to thirty passengers. The Dietsche Sight-Seeing Company afforded visitors a look at the famous Bell Isle Park, the beautiful Detroit River, and the grand boulevards, handsome residences, and modern buildings of the city. The Packard Automobile Company was proud that Mr. Dietsche employed their multi-passenger vehicles, and Packard featured them in a large advertisement in the Detroit Free Press on May 7, 1916:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBo3BWiA8-CKDOi-FMW3jX-a_YF6mcIFHKn1fwXJ2c-m2XTNHzeR7TVtnXI6xsWDgjzblDcmsRSgI56wZWfSP6e6bTUnfjSYyRrFQLrXDU3sroG1-0AH-tJFLUmk0oITChpMLrQZKToAg/s1029/DietschePackard.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1029" data-original-width="911" height="363" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBo3BWiA8-CKDOi-FMW3jX-a_YF6mcIFHKn1fwXJ2c-m2XTNHzeR7TVtnXI6xsWDgjzblDcmsRSgI56wZWfSP6e6bTUnfjSYyRrFQLrXDU3sroG1-0AH-tJFLUmk0oITChpMLrQZKToAg/w320-h363/DietschePackard.jpg" width="320" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwyaVa2ER0VoYy03y2goWC-QNGaIF0znLQh45jTbXAT3lqQgRKEYwt7TPCGaUm6h7WKmvVAIPHaKGkScq6HwY5msw9e-zjz_zE9yOS7SFZD3HhLMdn-kfXWhwoK3zaS0jUNtGg5jZIvS8/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="874" data-original-width="910" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwyaVa2ER0VoYy03y2goWC-QNGaIF0znLQh45jTbXAT3lqQgRKEYwt7TPCGaUm6h7WKmvVAIPHaKGkScq6HwY5msw9e-zjz_zE9yOS7SFZD3HhLMdn-kfXWhwoK3zaS0jUNtGg5jZIvS8/w249-h240/Packard+copy+whiteb.jpg" width="249" /></a><br /><br /><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Throughout the day, these touring cars stood ready and waiting at 83 Woodward Ave., but the location was not without controversy. In 1915, a competing touring company took Dietsche to court, claiming that the shop illegally monopolized parking spaces on Woodward by keeping their buses in front of the shop continuously. When one bus was full of paying customers, the Dietsche drivers would pull another bus alongside and transfer the passengers, thus preventing the parking spaces from becoming available. An account of the complaint ran in the Detroit Free Press on August 7, 1915, under the headline:</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFjtBi_-hCgdpGe0cfzOwLIBDisbc1NKNPZTwnHYoNF_yViCepiqyMMxi9DatRyy0UIqMEKQbMz5sPty_E_rLZNHCktIcRmmTHdcSrakB3a8k9ngpH1OkchqhqeHqqkn9uiEroqoDcsFI/s955/rubberneck.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="275" data-original-width="955" height="117" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFjtBi_-hCgdpGe0cfzOwLIBDisbc1NKNPZTwnHYoNF_yViCepiqyMMxi9DatRyy0UIqMEKQbMz5sPty_E_rLZNHCktIcRmmTHdcSrakB3a8k9ngpH1OkchqhqeHqqkn9uiEroqoDcsFI/w409-h117/rubberneck.jpg" width="409" /></a></div><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The outcome of the dispute is not recorded, but Mr. Dietsche may have been a determined man. He knew that the location at 83 Woodward Ave. was prime commercial real estate and, of course, it still is today. In a 1910 photo one can see the Dietsche touring cars outside the shop in the lower right corner and, in a more recent photo, it is apparent that big business still claims that corner today.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL-J8P3vGkSHhiScgw92B3hBJ4TCyPsnD92mp9QQj_gloU6jQ-h-sqdpkRb0hvFOw9gbrD9oWKqR3Toq9aIWt4jecpKtrVbwezzI_3tVvo-c5ODlABupCjgcLpo0vz7CA0SL-50dkF718/s1800/Woodward1910arrow.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1216" data-original-width="1800" height="340" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL-J8P3vGkSHhiScgw92B3hBJ4TCyPsnD92mp9QQj_gloU6jQ-h-sqdpkRb0hvFOw9gbrD9oWKqR3Toq9aIWt4jecpKtrVbwezzI_3tVvo-c5ODlABupCjgcLpo0vz7CA0SL-50dkF718/w503-h340/Woodward1910arrow.jpg" width="503" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Woodward Ave., Detroit, MI, 1910.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHbwIRiklKf5J3bLMP_WRHBe5LJzJyETlipoEUKhVxwZmo5TqcILQCpjHIyN07EdwjVdxtp3Dp4eytRTiQabAc5rK9otJwuATrRXTGhFWzjCF0wvWrZPMLsg3YIBA-VkjJea_uMRtI0P4/s1800/Detroit+copy+3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1219" data-original-width="1800" height="332" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHbwIRiklKf5J3bLMP_WRHBe5LJzJyETlipoEUKhVxwZmo5TqcILQCpjHIyN07EdwjVdxtp3Dp4eytRTiQabAc5rK9otJwuATrRXTGhFWzjCF0wvWrZPMLsg3YIBA-VkjJea_uMRtI0P4/w489-h332/Detroit+copy+3.jpg" width="489" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Woodward Ave., Detroit, MI, today.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Go where you’re celebrated, not tolerated. I’m celebrated in Detroit.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">–– Kid Rock<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></p><h3 style="border: 0px; caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: #222222; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><br /></h3></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtRiNiOTZjoCdaVKmh5r3o-6cD2olxJHJ0tdZD3F7l61phNfcKpC_xPg2d0TGv4-dM4XRHj7G9L8KgMituD8ggqepPDAAqQJP_HqaZR0f-X857r7yuicR-3sQA90_yu6KW9Qwo2HHfXuk/s225/kenselfieSM.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="225" height="106" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtRiNiOTZjoCdaVKmh5r3o-6cD2olxJHJ0tdZD3F7l61phNfcKpC_xPg2d0TGv4-dM4XRHj7G9L8KgMituD8ggqepPDAAqQJP_HqaZR0f-X857r7yuicR-3sQA90_yu6KW9Qwo2HHfXuk/w123-h106/kenselfieSM.jpg" width="123" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: Times;">Ken Wilson</span><br /><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: Times;"><a href="http://ken-wilson.com/">ken-wilson.com</a></span></p></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><p><br /></p>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-54920983103147308922020-10-08T13:52:00.006-07:002022-12-28T18:25:17.695-08:00Un Petit Voyage à Paris Pendant la Pandémie<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;"><br /></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>If you are feeling the isolation of the pandemic and the inability to travel or, like some of us, the inability to get out and dig into boxes of antique postcards, here’s a few short escapes to Paris just before and just after the turn of the 20th century which may offer a bit of relief:</span><span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times;">To begin, here's a postcard written </span><span style="font-family: Times;">at the top of the Eiffel Tower in 1899. </span><br /></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">It was part of the first large-scale, world-wide, production of souvenir postcards.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh-VdLcVY5e4INA34kOepidEGn1UBFpJ4GIwBMQ9QMMRDKRj7DD3sgvnjTtLdKOlJCajfpzDlwYGEZt01GlaIf43vWOFZStQPPn70RGwZTiM8lbuXfTXXJ-yjvWi5ec-T1YkG_THpSimwa4jMv8WbQQ6PoCH5LowqzlV8OG9jlpno368ff1O1LrdJry" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><img alt="" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1663" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh-VdLcVY5e4INA34kOepidEGn1UBFpJ4GIwBMQ9QMMRDKRj7DD3sgvnjTtLdKOlJCajfpzDlwYGEZt01GlaIf43vWOFZStQPPn70RGwZTiM8lbuXfTXXJ-yjvWi5ec-T1YkG_THpSimwa4jMv8WbQQ6PoCH5LowqzlV8OG9jlpno368ff1O1LrdJry=w491-h317" width="491" /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></a><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh-VdLcVY5e4INA34kOepidEGn1UBFpJ4GIwBMQ9QMMRDKRj7DD3sgvnjTtLdKOlJCajfpzDlwYGEZt01GlaIf43vWOFZStQPPn70RGwZTiM8lbuXfTXXJ-yjvWi5ec-T1YkG_THpSimwa4jMv8WbQQ6PoCH5LowqzlV8OG9jlpno368ff1O1LrdJry" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg_z2HzLbLWdPJFn2sFKRIsIYT8vElO-eJWleilBfFxGr3yS_4-QEcV22ZPGs9pO4inLjJ_GRP-1JArxKbjKHXB9hxPvkL8ZkHNhmT2YWUfuZnkY5HxP8628pYYbj146rRDX94EdJA4IT3OSTcCfwEdn7vVaWPTrF322agVZt4S_-dBwa86RzG7qxbi" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1077" data-original-width="1662" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg_z2HzLbLWdPJFn2sFKRIsIYT8vElO-eJWleilBfFxGr3yS_4-QEcV22ZPGs9pO4inLjJ_GRP-1JArxKbjKHXB9hxPvkL8ZkHNhmT2YWUfuZnkY5HxP8628pYYbj146rRDX94EdJA4IT3OSTcCfwEdn7vVaWPTrF322agVZt4S_-dBwa86RzG7qxbi=w354-h229" width="354" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh-VdLcVY5e4INA34kOepidEGn1UBFpJ4GIwBMQ9QMMRDKRj7DD3sgvnjTtLdKOlJCajfpzDlwYGEZt01GlaIf43vWOFZStQPPn70RGwZTiM8lbuXfTXXJ-yjvWi5ec-T1YkG_THpSimwa4jMv8WbQQ6PoCH5LowqzlV8OG9jlpno368ff1O1LrdJry" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a></span></p><div><br /></div></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 238);"><u><br /></u></span></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">The picture postcard gradually evolved from an advertising vehicle into a correspondence device, keepsake, and souvenir late in the 19th century. There were a few souvenir postal cards created for expositions such as the 1874 Fifth Cincinnati Exposition in 1874, but the first large-scale production of a postcard as a souvenir and travel memento was for the <span style="color: #0d0d0d;">Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1889</span>, celebrating the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. The Eiffel Tower was built to celebrate this anniversary and it opened to the public on March 15, 1899. Illustrated with several simple variations of the Eiffel Tower, these postcards could be postmarked at the tower, and <span style="color: #0d0d0d;">“<i>Top of the Tower, Paris, Aug 31, 89</i>,” is the way Perry Williams captioned the card he addressed to his mother in “Gettysburg, Dak (Dakota Territory), U.S.A.”</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">***</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span><span style="font-size: large;"> A few years later, Paris exploded with a huge exposition to honor the new century. Here’s a card from the Exposition De 1900:</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibfc6opg19Yde2Jdr7061eRUL7dglTT1E1XWPTAC9WM_PHQqa0StFGc5SBSiZlSr4g0plHuK72WgzOr5UlzO42EmSjowthq1sV2D75lNbX058sde0g1vZUsJK2-d9JflJFZ0ObUSNf7c0/s1626/paris1900.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1061" data-original-width="1626" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibfc6opg19Yde2Jdr7061eRUL7dglTT1E1XWPTAC9WM_PHQqa0StFGc5SBSiZlSr4g0plHuK72WgzOr5UlzO42EmSjowthq1sV2D75lNbX058sde0g1vZUsJK2-d9JflJFZ0ObUSNf7c0/w537-h350/paris1900.jpg" width="537" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">1900 Exposition in Paris. Mailed Aug. 6, 1900.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">This card was written to Mrs. von der Heydt in Chicago, and the message is translated from German:</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><i> <span style="font-size: large;">Today, I’m going on an excursion to Versailles and visiting the sites in Paris. The exhibition is packed with rural people on Sundays. The food here is bad and expensive. Today, there is a summer festival – the thunder of drums and music woke me very early. Paris, August 5, 1900 at 8 a.m. </span></i></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: large;">L.M. sends warm greetings. Yours, Herman</span></i></div></blockquote><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: center;">*** </p><p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">In 1901 and 1902, America’s Barnum and Bailey Circus was welcomed to Paris by admiring crowds:</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy9LbL9OAIeevMrYCTqROQHcDB4RtSShY_VRMb-LKOXe1nhVqh7g_xiRESQC5ynRrQ3Qf3Ikyh0dN91S7Lie1MUFolroks2VQ4WBCwAbiUys80zglUd7eAa965uejMGjhsTQvSjBtOv-w/s1655/H_102ParisCircus+copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1071" data-original-width="1655" height="343" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy9LbL9OAIeevMrYCTqROQHcDB4RtSShY_VRMb-LKOXe1nhVqh7g_xiRESQC5ynRrQ3Qf3Ikyh0dN91S7Lie1MUFolroks2VQ4WBCwAbiUys80zglUd7eAa965uejMGjhsTQvSjBtOv-w/w532-h343/H_102ParisCircus+copy.jpg" width="532" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Barnum and Bailey Circus in Paris 1902.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">This card was written to Mr. Albert Raymond at his parents' home in Lörrach, Germany. The message has been translated from French:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Dear Albert, If you had gone to the circus, you would have been amazed. I went 6 more times before my train left the station and thought it was really interesting. I think you and your family must be enjoying Germany a lot. Heinsey</span></i></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Another event, recorded on many Paris souvenir postcards in 1910, was a devastating Paris flood as the Seine overflowed its banks after heavy winter rains. The Seine water level rose 26 feet above its normal level. Here’s a terrific real photo postcard from January of that year, showing fashionably dressed Parisians moving about their daily excursions as best they can.<o:p></o:p></span></p><span><div><br /></div><div style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgvXdaJkolyaLrLMdtA67tvUQknP6njJWPH1iM75LfRYzp1_9hKJHqYXcD2lEeXU7hTh0-Ja9Jy1RiZIKsZg7yrFUDJPZXx5TiATuKnmMkuHtNNJ4qFtCTWnfbeo0xZk69JqCDuXh2GCzrst5GMgyrqGS111PV4KqEtHgtVe-AAzX7kobfQjVgJoJNb" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1060" data-original-width="1650" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgvXdaJkolyaLrLMdtA67tvUQknP6njJWPH1iM75LfRYzp1_9hKJHqYXcD2lEeXU7hTh0-Ja9Jy1RiZIKsZg7yrFUDJPZXx5TiATuKnmMkuHtNNJ4qFtCTWnfbeo0xZk69JqCDuXh2GCzrst5GMgyrqGS111PV4KqEtHgtVe-AAzX7kobfQjVgJoJNb=w485-h312" width="485" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Paris –– La Grande Crue De La Seine<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">***</span></p></div><br /><span style="font-size: large;"> And, finally, here is an image of a young Parisian woman selling postcards at the fancy kiosk of L. Lippens (photographer?) about 1904-5. Today, this address, 25 Rue du Rambouillet, would be near the brown rock wall in the center of this Google Map photo, at the intersection of Rue du Rambouillet and Ave. Daumesnil in the 12th arrondissement of Paris, on the right bank of the Seine, east of Notre Dame and the Bastille.</span></span><div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRr5zCpW6T9VApLv2UHYiPJ4PDFiwdC5RjHEz3WKyMP2arusU7f83U0XaNoqo9UMdyJZgfVlsZeE28VWIGDehx9AO9Ak_-Xvc0QxBcyvJ3UvOG8WgZ7lr4oS6q-zsEHsObay4pHXk06vU/s1620/RambouilletVendorFINxx+copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1620" data-original-width="1040" height="436" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRr5zCpW6T9VApLv2UHYiPJ4PDFiwdC5RjHEz3WKyMP2arusU7f83U0XaNoqo9UMdyJZgfVlsZeE28VWIGDehx9AO9Ak_-Xvc0QxBcyvJ3UvOG8WgZ7lr4oS6q-zsEHsObay4pHXk06vU/w279-h436/RambouilletVendorFINxx+copy.jpg" width="279" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTT3XWNMqoS8g1SJff6ob4y3D3-kw3LIxf4xehNOGSuUB9-NM895OzXfpQVVhgeD3lHkfzUc2KSTeAn717OeRVb3cSU6scsG8iBo5bk90ZwGH9J9w2SW6I_UaK7NyHwLuljy6Ojr4phk4/s864/Rambouiletttoday.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="587" data-original-width="864" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTT3XWNMqoS8g1SJff6ob4y3D3-kw3LIxf4xehNOGSuUB9-NM895OzXfpQVVhgeD3lHkfzUc2KSTeAn717OeRVb3cSU6scsG8iBo5bk90ZwGH9J9w2SW6I_UaK7NyHwLuljy6Ojr4phk4/w331-h225/Rambouiletttoday.png" width="331" /></a></div><br /><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">Au revoir. Voyager en toute sécurité.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>Everyday is a journey, and the journey itself is home. </i> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> –– Matsuo Basho</span></div><div><br /></div><span style="font-family: Times;">Ken Wilson</span><br style="font-family: Times;" /><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: Times;"><a href="http://ken-wilson.com/">ken-wilson.com</a></span><br /><p style="text-align: left;">Translations by Cathy Lara: <a href="http://cathylara.com">cathylara.com</a></p></div>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-40711062613111146052020-08-06T12:12:00.012-07:002022-12-11T19:00:45.481-08:00<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #cc0000; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #cc0000; font-size: x-large;">A Spoonful of Sugar:</span></h1><h4 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #cc0000; font-size: x-large;">Hostilities, Sweets, and Language</span></h4>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The landscape of an internet search for information is strewn with rabbit holes that appear at first glance to offer suitable revelations but then entice one onward into a seemingly endless network of connections, possibilities, and false leads. This is the story of one such maze that I wandered into recently and the unexpected illumination I encountered below the surface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I fill some of my time doing research and writing on a number of subjects; at the moment, I am documenting the details of a 2015 trip that my son Ned and I took to France and Belgium. We not only traveled to unfamiliar places but we traveled back in time to the Western Front of WWI. The so-called “Great War” has just now passed the edge of living human memory and moved into the realm of history and archeology. We “remember” the war by the objects left behind: photographs, letters, journals, damaged landscapes, rusted armament, monuments, and cemeteries. One historically rich category of such objects is century-old, war-related postcards.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Verdun en 1916 pendant la bataille, Arrivées des Dragées de Verdun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The antique postcard above, titled “Verdun en 1916 pendant la bataille, Arrivées des Dragées de Verdun,” arrived recently as an eBay purchase and it fit nicely into my research about the Battle of Verdun. The English translation of the title is: “Verdun in 1916 during the battle, the arrival of "Dragées" of Verdun.” The image presents five French soldiers unloading artillery rounds. I wondered what <i>Dragée </i>meant and why it was capitalized. I’m not a cook or a baker but if you are, then perhaps you are ahead of me. It wasn’t hard to find a definition of dragée on the internet; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #222222;">dra·gée</span></b><span style="color: #70757a;">/drä</span><span style="color: #70757a; font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">ˈ</span><span style="color: #70757a;">ZHā/</span><i><span style="color: #222222;">noun</span></i><span style="color: #222222;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="color: #222222;">1. A </span></i><i>candy consisting of a center such as an almond or hazelnut covered with a sugar coating. 2. Small silver balls or colored bits of candy for use in decorating cookies or cakes.</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">It was only a short internet step from dragée to "Jordan Almonds," the more "sophisticated" choice of sweets for a first date to the movies in the 1950s or 60s. Jordan Almonds are commonly known to the French as "dragées." Many cooks and bakers are aware of this French word for these confectionary bits, but this postcard is from one of the most horrendous military engagements of World War I. Why does its title refer to candy? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span>The WWI battle of Verdun was ten months of horrendous combat in appalling conditions </span><span>as the German army attacked the French fortifications north of Verdun, France, in 1916.</span><span> The losses were staggering on both sides, with</span><span> 600,000 soldiers left dead or wounded.</span><span> More than sixty-million artillery shells fell during nearly-uninterrupted barrages by both armies, pulverizing forts, trenches, roads, villages, and the city of Verdun. This postcard describes artillery shells as sugar-coated candy, so perhaps it’s a cruel pun. “Here, enemy troops, swallow these little, sweet treats!”</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Postcard, Verdun, Mazel Place, after WWI bombardment, 1916</span>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Just around another corner of my internet journey, I discovered a book of French and English slang, <i>cant</i>, or <i>argot, </i>published in London in 1899 by Albert Barrére, and titled, <i>A New French and English Dictionary of the Cant Words, Quaint Expressions, Slang Terms, and Flash Phrases Used in the High and Low Life of Old and New Paris––</i>and there it was––page 120: </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b>“Dragée</b>,</span><span style="font-size: large;"> f. (military), bullet, “plum.” Dragée, properly sweetmeat. <i>Gober une dragée</i> –– to receive a bullet.” </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Title page, <i>Argot and Slang</i>, A. Barrére, London, 1899.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This odd, jam-packed book represents a lifetime of Barrére’s work recording thousands of slang words in French and English. The work is available online through the generous efforts of Marcia Brooks, Hugo Voisard, Fay Dunn, and the proofreading team at Distributed Proofreaders, <a href="http://www.pgdp.net/"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">http://www.pgdp.net</span></a>, an organization that converts public domain books into e-books for the benefit of all. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">In the introduction to the book, the author, Monsieur Barrére, described his interest in linguistics: </span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: large;">During a long course of philological studies, extending over many years, I have been in the habit of putting on record, for my own edification, a large number of those cant and slang terms and quaint expressions of which the English and French tongues furnish an abundant harvest. Whatever of this nature I heard from the lips of persons to whom they are familiar, or gleaned from the perusal of modern works and newspapers, I carefully noted down, until my note-book had assumed such dimensions that the idea of completing a collection already considerable was suggested… <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i>Argot is but a bastard tongue grafted on the mother stem… </i>[and it] </span><i><span style="font-size: large;">pervades the whole of French society. It may be heard everywhere, and it is now difficult to peruse a newspaper or open a new novel without meeting with a sprinkling of some of the jargon dialects of the day. These take their rise in the slums, on the boulevards, in workshops, barracks, and studios, and even in the lobbies of the Houses of Legislature.</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">An argo, or a cant, is a unique language of a particular group or profession used as a means of cohesion or to exclude others. The term cant is often used in a disparagingly, as when describing the cant of thieves, gypsies, or beggars. Noted French authors like Victor Hugo and Balzac used such argot or slang for good purpose when putting words in the mouths of their fictional characters. In <i>Les Misérables</i>, Hugo describes argot as the language of the underworld, a dark and “deadly language of misery.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">For years the French have used the word dragée, a sweet candy, as a pun for a <i>bullet</i>. In his highly acclaimed work, <i>La Boue </i>[The Mud], based on his experiences as a French soldier during WWI, Maurice Genevoix describes a scene during an artillery barrage: “Tomorrow morning, eight o’clock. There are batteries all along 372, batteries behind Senoux, batteries in the Bois-Haut, batteries everywhere ... The shooting will start all at once, all the <u>dragées </u>loosed on the salient boche.” </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">The French dragées, which we know as Jordan Almonds, are said to have been invented in ancient Rome, about 177 BCE, when a baker named Julius Dragatus, created honey-covered almonds as a special confection. Called <i>dragati</i>, these sweet treats were later coated with sugar and served at the weddings and births of the nobility. After sugar was brought to Europe by the crusaders in the 13th century, it was often used to coat medicines to making them more palatable. That’s right, Mary Poppins fans, “<i>a spoonful of sugar</i>…” </span><o:p></o:p><br />
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Verdun, 1638. Wikimedia (unknown origin) Public Domain<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="font-family: "times";">In the mid-1300s an apothecary in Verdun began coating medicines with sugar and calling them dragées and a Verdun grocer began creating dragées as sugar-coated almond candies. The word dragée is closely related to </span><i style="font-family: times;">dredge</i><span style="font-family: "times";">, an English transitive verb meaning to coat (food) with powder, sugar, or flour. And dredge origins are the Middle English </span><i style="font-family: times;">dragge,</i><span style="font-family: "times";"> from Old French </span><i style="font-family: times;">dragie, </i><span style="font-family: "times";">both meaning</span><i style="font-family: times;"> to dredge </i><span style="font-family: "times";"><i>a </i></span></span><span><i>sweetmeat</i>, perhaps from Latin <i>tragēmata</i>, confectionary, so perhaps it all started with Julius Dragatus in ancient Rome. </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">My adventure down this particular rabbit hole had taken an unexpected turn––from the vicious tools of warfare to the histories of languages and sweets––but it was only a matter of one more twist to come back to Verdun as this beautiful image popped up on my monitor:</span><o:p></o:p></div><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium;"></span><br style="font-family: Times;" /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL2uPW1xp8jkgApT3Z-ZJZ7LT2gfbCEIc5_r7bggeHOkKj_6nQ6DzKeEHy9kBYJTihW3SMCCjP7o3A84FyTMCZ_p9K4hc5zx7XOjHI7DbLIhAOOZwpfU414dnFErP0cwCCohZxpws6LYE/s1600/Drage%25CC%2581esVerdun.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1340" data-original-width="901" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL2uPW1xp8jkgApT3Z-ZJZ7LT2gfbCEIc5_r7bggeHOkKj_6nQ6DzKeEHy9kBYJTihW3SMCCjP7o3A84FyTMCZ_p9K4hc5zx7XOjHI7DbLIhAOOZwpfU414dnFErP0cwCCohZxpws6LYE/s400/Drage%25CC%2581esVerdun.jpg" width="267" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: x-small;">Braquier Dragées, Verdun, France.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: Times; text-align: center;">Note: This product is available online in this beautiful tin from Yummy Bazaar at: <a href="https://yummybazaar.com/search?q=french%20dragees">https://yummybazaar.com/search?q=french%20dragees </a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The English name, Jordan Almonds, may be related to the River Jordan, after a variety of almonds grown there, or it may be a derivation of the French word <i>jardin</i>, meaning garden. The very popular <i>Dragées des Verdun</i> are still being produced there today. Elsewhere, Jordan almonds have long been popular, not only at the movies, but for hundreds of years, in many cultures, they have been offered as traditional wedding favors and to some they are thought to be an aphrodisiac. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">At this point in my exploration, I quickly backed out of one internet maze and entered another, as I placed an online order for <i>Dragées des Verdun</i>. They should arrive soon, and I look forward to sharing them with friends and displaying the colorful tin alongside my collection of Verdun WWI postcards. Note that the boy on the far left of the illustration on the tin is wearing the early WWI French red and blue uniform.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The 1916 postcard provides a detailed view of preparations behind the lines of the Western Front, and it offers other avenues of research including the details of the artillery shells, the soldier’s uniforms, and the truck. During WWI, automobiles and trucks began to replace mule or horse-drawn wagons as a means of transporting people, equipment, and supplies. One can read numbers stenciled on the truck, and that, along with other details such as the hard-rubber tires, could likely identify the make of the truck. Similarly, the men’s uniforms can date the image. For example, the fellow in the center is wearing the metal Adrian helmet, which was introduced in the summer of 1915. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Beyond the historical details found on old postcards, a handwritten message, address, postal cancellation, or other markings, may divulge much more.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span>When I was an elementary school student, my teachers frequently asserted that I wasn’t working to my “full potential” or that I was “not applying” myself. Many years later, I often go to sleep or wake up with a recurring thought: <i>There is so much more to do and learn</i>. I seem motivated by deadlines, and old age arrives with a very literal deadline. The future may seem a bit short but, on the other hand, I am grateful to have planned ahead and arranged to access entire libraries and worldwide travel via cyberspace––and at speeds my teachers could not have imagined.<o:p></o:p></span><br /></span>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK_kCTgZrVSsYtKaGJugyCRUFnd5ovC8xrMyi5HOeY5ri-jGxKasG6OSHCAQn1S3wTVb1DJuEVvoVUVUYiAvjfrmKYthn__BNK4Jfd0R70GnhEirpZNOIzFyQbsFcGd9ZGssV3uAZB14A/s1600/JordanAlmonds2+copy.jpg"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK_kCTgZrVSsYtKaGJugyCRUFnd5ovC8xrMyi5HOeY5ri-jGxKasG6OSHCAQn1S3wTVb1DJuEVvoVUVUYiAvjfrmKYthn__BNK4Jfd0R70GnhEirpZNOIzFyQbsFcGd9ZGssV3uAZB14A/s1600/JordanAlmonds2+copy.jpg" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span>Ken Wilson</span><br />
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<span><span face="-webkit-standard" style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: large;"><b>Praise the Lord and Pass the Tootsie Rolls </b><span>(1)</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">An unexpected additional turn to this particular rabbit hole Occurred when my mother-in-law, Ginny Little, read this blog entry. She told me that an old familyfriend, the late Fred Glueck, had often related a story about his experience as a Marine at Chosin Reservoir in 1950 during the Korean War. The story involves 60mm mortar rounds being referred to as "Tootsie Rolls"––with unexpected results.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">In November 1950, the First Marine Division and two US Army combat teams were in a very tough spot in the mountains of North Korea. Their location was the Changjin Reservoir, known to American troops as “Chosin.” Facing ten Divisions of Chinese, they had suffered 3,000 killed and 6,000 wounded in two weeks; it was freezing; they were low on ammunition and food; they had been written off as lost. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span>In radio transmissions, the beleaguered troops requested 60mm mortar rounds, and the code word for the ammunition was “Tootsie Rolls.” One such message was translated verbatim without the code, and soon boxes of Tootsie Rolls were dropped to the troops by parachute. The unexpected sweets provided the men with welcome calories and energy; the soldiers also melted the frozen candy in their mouths and under their arms, and used the resulting soft “putty” to make equipment repairs. Ed Szymciak, a Marine from Ohio, was quoted as saying “By large, Tootsie Rolls were our main diet while fighting our way out of the Reservoir. You can bet there were literally thousands of Tootsie Roll wrappers scattered over North Korea.” </span><span>(2)</span><br />
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<span>Ginny told me that their friend Fred often spoke of reunions of the Marines who called themselves the "Chosin Few" and that he proudly called himself one of the Tootsie Roll Marines."</span><br /></span>
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Also See: 2017 Facebook post by Susan Kee, Honoring Korean War Veterans:<br />
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/susankeewriter/posts/what-is-the-connection-between-tootsie-rolls-and-the-battle-of-chosin-reservoiri/710951165762453/"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span>https://www.facebook.com/susankeewriter/posts/what-is-the-connection-between-tootsie-rolls-and-the-battle-of-chosin-reservoiri/710951165762453/</span> </span></a><br />
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<span>1. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praise_the_Lord_and_Pass_the_Ammunition"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praise_the_Lord_and_Pass_the_Ammunition</span></a></span></span></div>
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2. <a href="http://thekwe.org/memoirs/szymciak/index.htm"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">http://thekwe.org/memoirs/szymciak/index.htm</span></a></span></div>
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-55583206958515476082020-05-31T13:10:00.004-07:002022-10-26T11:38:52.338-07:00The Artisans of Victory<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">Nos Artisans de la Victoire</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">Une Carte Postal de La Grande Guerre</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;">"… a ma mince chérie"</span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0O7P8-fS-tA5e-oLMwjNIFcE5Uf-ZY35KhtXE2ywuSR4PsI_oheyb3wH2OmudvqowhtDXQAGfVI5JWc8GXT61e7Kxus-ljNEFcpaxVcA8Xj7GOur6B54yXH8LKqxEyKFeisBAW5AC4nk/s1600/F2029.artisansFB3_edited-1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1569" data-original-width="1600" height="504" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0O7P8-fS-tA5e-oLMwjNIFcE5Uf-ZY35KhtXE2ywuSR4PsI_oheyb3wH2OmudvqowhtDXQAGfVI5JWc8GXT61e7Kxus-ljNEFcpaxVcA8Xj7GOur6B54yXH8LKqxEyKFeisBAW5AC4nk/w516-h504/F2029.artisansFB3_edited-1.jpg" width="516" /></a></div>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b>A WWI postcard from the Western Front. Translated from French. (1)<br />
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<i>Saturday, June 17, 1917</i><br />
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><i> <span style="font-size: medium;"> Ma mince chérie, </span></i><i><span style="font-size: medium;">I am writing in response to your letter dated Monday the 12th of this current month. Your letter made me very happy. Forgive me, my Chérie, for not writing you a letter today, but today we are deprived of light. There is no lamp or candle. We are required to go to sleep. I am in good health. I am very happy about your letter which tells me a lot about our loved ones. Embrace them a million times for me – and mother too. <span style="text-align: center;">I am waiting for the package you said you sent.</span> See you soon, my pretty one, and my most tender kisses – I’m sending them all to you, your little husband who loves you, Albert</span></i></span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>The Message:</b> Albert wrote the message to his wife on June 17, 1917, and the salutation is "Ma mince chérie" [My dear sweetheart]. The words "mince chérie" are literally translated as <i>thin (or slender</i>) <i>sweetheart</i>, but in common usage it meant my <i>dear or dearest</i> sweetheart. The message expressed tender affection and longing for home and family. He asked forgiveness for not writing a letter, explaining that he was deprived of both lamp and candle and was required to go to sleep.<br />
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Albert addressed his wife as "ma jolie" [my pretty one]; he sent "a million" hugs to the family, and he ended the message with, "mes plus tendres baisers tout à toi, ton petit mari qui l'aime" [my most tender kisses to you, your little husband who loves you]. We have only to imagine a wartime environment where Albert had no lamp or candle, and we know Albert was quite far from home.</span></div>
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Albert's rank is unknown, as is his level of schooling but after the education reforms of the 1880s French children, both boys and girls, were provided with free secular education. They were taught in school that in times of family separation one should correspond regularly with detailed, honest, and intimate reports of daily life. The exchange of correspondence between French soldiers and their families during WWI was particularly vibrant with emotional expression.<br />
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<span><b>The Card</b></span><span>: </span>The card that Albert chose to send home is titled "The Artisans of the Victory." It's a commercially published postcard with a hand-tinted photographic print that illustrates five components of the anticipated (and hoped for) French victory of World War I and the artwork is signed "Gloria." The card was likely purchased by Albert in a small shop or railroad station in a village near the front.</span><br />
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<b><span style="color: #990000;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">The Five Artisans </span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeMa_ewAQ35Sar-KR-wM0TG10UhkVlhoQLj8Qyi30n4d7eplZqlJ3g26Crq9IDmM9sQwvWaZ6MAeHU8D2LtY5UqB6w9gqU2GiUXVq6eVVK_-TRM0OjTVNybvvSq9sy7KcqY-GcnS8spRw/s1600/1+AS.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="525" data-original-width="422" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeMa_ewAQ35Sar-KR-wM0TG10UhkVlhoQLj8Qyi30n4d7eplZqlJ3g26Crq9IDmM9sQwvWaZ6MAeHU8D2LtY5UqB6w9gqU2GiUXVq6eVVK_-TRM0OjTVNybvvSq9sy7KcqY-GcnS8spRw/s200/1+AS.jpg" width="160" /></a><b><span style="font-size: large;"><div style="color: #660000; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div style="color: #660000; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><span style="color: #990000;">1. Upper left, "Nos As" [Our Aces]:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size: medium;">The illustration portrays the most modern and daring weapons of war––the airplanes and the pilots who flew them. French aviation pioneers like Louis Blériot, Henri Farman, and Gabriel Voisin built and piloted some of the most advanced aircraft of the time. The French aces, pilots who shot down five or more of the enemy planes, included Georges Guynemer, Charles Nungesser, Paul Augustin Barbreau, René Fonck, and many, many others. The skill and daring of the French pilots in the skies over war-torn France established them forever as aviation legends.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCcRd-hjmGxhUSqnqa2g1EphT3KvH3cigUfD_ztjuDCE5aF9XMNN6FsUMD-hTyYvJ9aOR4XnL44bI5pHJmY3Bc2htSp4Kuw7baust688xqJoHNgH8Wbln6O_XCGot-xEnesacM0NVlzw8/s1600/Guynemer.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1016" data-original-width="1600" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCcRd-hjmGxhUSqnqa2g1EphT3KvH3cigUfD_ztjuDCE5aF9XMNN6FsUMD-hTyYvJ9aOR4XnL44bI5pHJmY3Bc2htSp4Kuw7baust688xqJoHNgH8Wbln6O_XCGot-xEnesacM0NVlzw8/w384-h243/Guynemer.jpg" width="384" /></a></div>
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<b><i><span style="font-size: medium;">Sous-Lieutenant Georges Guynemer.</span></i></b></div>
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One of a series of WWI postcards published in 1916 to honor French aviators. Second Lieutenant Georges Guynemer achieved national fame and honor with 53 victories before his death in aerial combat in 1917. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgywo9je0F213yGuGJ7zmqNGpopjVDlgebazCROaROjfTnYHYRe8kvAMP45Uhgs3aflURt0oREV8b51kAvYemXvcSrn6H6IkudZIGDlXIMh66k-TSw1byKOTrXv5V05eHs64wFlhjPDn-w/s1600/2+75.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="520" data-original-width="411" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgywo9je0F213yGuGJ7zmqNGpopjVDlgebazCROaROjfTnYHYRe8kvAMP45Uhgs3aflURt0oREV8b51kAvYemXvcSrn6H6IkudZIGDlXIMh66k-TSw1byKOTrXv5V05eHs64wFlhjPDn-w/s200/2+75.jpg" width="156" /></a><b><span style="font-size: large;"><div style="color: #660000; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div style="color: #660000; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><span style="color: #990000;">2. Upper right, "Nos 75" [Our 75]:</span></span></b><span style="color: #990000;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The French recoilless 75 mm artillery piece was revolutionary in its incorporation of a pneumatic mechanism to absorb recoil. The reduced movement of the cannon after firing and a unique screw breech mechanism made the gun capable of firing 15 to 20 rounds per minute, and the 75 proved to be a formidable weapon. At the First Battle of the Marne in 1914, the French 75 artillery crews were dubbed "black butchers" by the Germans. After the Americans entered the war, they too adopted the gun, and it continued to be used into WWII and beyond. The French people came to honor the 75 as a symbol of victory, and its image was often reproduced on patriotic postcards. Our younger friends today may know the French 75 as a cocktail (2) named in honor of this powerful weapon. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><i>Le 75.</i></b> Circa 1915 postcard of the 75 in action with insets of two of its primary designer/inventors, Joseph-Albert Deport and Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><br /><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><div style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div></span></b></div></div></blockquote><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj27hHZ6-3kPLma7zIEU7A7Xk9g0M5tVqjVZbRU1y-7YOgCN0ual2TnnAmW9K1etN8RO1BiIajcDYWMnlw2khT6Q2RrEyt3MC7AHoKXNOBLAr_eDJGimpyd5GLZlzNecMAVT1NAI59MOMvMqQSs9ZUxI0ntbHEcXnpxO-NkK6j2yvmk9_acBEDxntBI/s1617/Gloire75.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1001" data-original-width="1617" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj27hHZ6-3kPLma7zIEU7A7Xk9g0M5tVqjVZbRU1y-7YOgCN0ual2TnnAmW9K1etN8RO1BiIajcDYWMnlw2khT6Q2RrEyt3MC7AHoKXNOBLAr_eDJGimpyd5GLZlzNecMAVT1NAI59MOMvMqQSs9ZUxI0ntbHEcXnpxO-NkK6j2yvmk9_acBEDxntBI/s320/Gloire75.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p> </p><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><div style="color: #660000; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"></span></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div> <i>Gloire au 75</i>. Circa 1915 postcard. </div><div>Partout ou passé les Lauriers ont pousse. </div><div>[Wherever it goes the Laurels have grown.]</div></div><div style="color: #660000; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div><div style="color: #660000; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div></span></div></div></blockquote><p><br /></p><p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNjSdkhRrnOiE5Cri-GbHxjy11zYTqrXduoc-YCy1GdXwTvhyrO00Z6iQUe91do363BH1NvITBCBBriHPqzZPurZ4rxsG84pZ0kZfao3XlFLH5pwZ-SMr8DLXMIA6RdmeI8tbezW6gwakO8RMBF6OXQGLupH-u_rLGQPRvovejSMUkS3pZPRP84pED/s523/3%20munitions.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="523" data-original-width="407" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNjSdkhRrnOiE5Cri-GbHxjy11zYTqrXduoc-YCy1GdXwTvhyrO00Z6iQUe91do363BH1NvITBCBBriHPqzZPurZ4rxsG84pZ0kZfao3XlFLH5pwZ-SMr8DLXMIA6RdmeI8tbezW6gwakO8RMBF6OXQGLupH-u_rLGQPRvovejSMUkS3pZPRP84pED/w138-h178/3%20munitions.jpg" width="138" /></a></div><p></p><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left;"><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #990000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">3. Lower left "LesMunitions" [Our Munitions]:</span></span> </span></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-size: medium;">While the title of the image is "Our Munitions," the illustration honors the French women, known as munitionettes, who worked in the munitions factories during WWI while their husbands were away at the front. Before the war the women of France were generally relegated to domestic work in their own homes or the houses of the more affluent. Jobs outside of the house were primarily in the textile industry or agriculture. As the men were called up for the war, women were brought into factories to produce weapons, ammunition, and military kit and equipment. By the end of the war, nearly a million French women were employed in the factories working at dangerous and demanding jobs as well as struggling for equal rights and equal pay and continuing to take care of their families.</span></div></div></span></div></div></blockquote></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><p> </p></div></blockquote></blockquote><div style="text-align: center;"><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJUihflD_eK5Uc_t86SID3pVoctAHt4iOY0bLL-zSs7QojAKsQRB5OyJVtOnXzHY3eYyE7RCUFgffxabOuQ9-8jSl-mFr-qub6f5rpZwNQzDUKIRwyNAEsoI9hZ3AjuzNMr_XYcw1ReOg/s1600/munitionettes.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1021" data-original-width="1600" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJUihflD_eK5Uc_t86SID3pVoctAHt4iOY0bLL-zSs7QojAKsQRB5OyJVtOnXzHY3eYyE7RCUFgffxabOuQ9-8jSl-mFr-qub6f5rpZwNQzDUKIRwyNAEsoI9hZ3AjuzNMr_XYcw1ReOg/s400/munitionettes.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><i><b>French Women making munitions for the trenches</b>.</i> Circa 1917 postcard produced for English-speaking market.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn8HdBqhhotCmmM9KjftB4OpIS6of-hwJeWzxC6-HhHisGCEVb9UO_PQfn6Tp0iRrjjdOEcJZCW1TrIY-_rmZhbL-LozUk58NKyV1XG39q0WS6SYIwsFITFBjk25oOK_9Mng_fC1_t_sw/s1600/4+Loan.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="511" data-original-width="416" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn8HdBqhhotCmmM9KjftB4OpIS6of-hwJeWzxC6-HhHisGCEVb9UO_PQfn6Tp0iRrjjdOEcJZCW1TrIY-_rmZhbL-LozUk58NKyV1XG39q0WS6SYIwsFITFBjk25oOK_9Mng_fC1_t_sw/s200/4+Loan.jpg" width="162" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><b><div style="color: #660000; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div style="color: #660000; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #660000; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><span style="color: #990000;">4. Lower right, "L'Emprunt" [The Loan]:</span></b></span><span style="color: #990000;"> </span></div></blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">As was the case in other countries, France raised funds for the war effort through a series of national defense loans. Despite their increasing impoverishment, the French citizens continued to subscribe to these bonds as a patriotic duty. This illustration shows a woman and child buying war bonds. The boy is carrying his "tire lire" [money box] and his toy sword while wearing a soldier's helmet which may represent a father who is away at the front. The fashionably dressed woman and child with their small dog appear to belong to the upper classes and would be better able to contribute to the war effort.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCWKzlmdFwX5METwj0OriwC0zWYVSgbqyuY66sdpyrmGGU-lw5l2vLHC3HmfWeKuwXLhepRhDkLYBhfuTpGM5mcjbe9cFFVWL58J0RVlLwV37uPnPGEjz0q-sGfw6M0Dd6AWOG5VE45Q0/s1600/lEmprunt.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1031" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCWKzlmdFwX5METwj0OriwC0zWYVSgbqyuY66sdpyrmGGU-lw5l2vLHC3HmfWeKuwXLhepRhDkLYBhfuTpGM5mcjbe9cFFVWL58J0RVlLwV37uPnPGEjz0q-sGfw6M0Dd6AWOG5VE45Q0/s400/lEmprunt.jpg" width="257" /></a></div>
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<b><i><span style="font-size: medium;">L'Emprunt des "Derniéres Cartouches."</span></i></b></div><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;">This is the postcard version of a 1915 L'Emprunt poster meant to solicit funds for the conflict. The card urges participation in the purchase of war loan subscriptions. A grandfather and granddaughter are seen providing the embattled poilu [see below for "poilu"] with ammunition as a visual representation of funds from home providing supplies to the front. At the time this poster/postcard was printed, the feeling was that the war was almost over, and this was a "last push, thus the last cartridges;" unfortunately, the war's end was still very far away in 1915.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg6X9vbTmZXseQ7fAfIM1nXwfQi8N38evleceT8RtZrFibP1lp2M_fq-2SThkOl16JUnzxHXFPSJ9psVR6OfuWvGAHVGLNTGgT8R0BJNYqWXMx4WPNFRi7nk8YrlQYVxwZCf-HFyLeaYY/s1600/5+poilu.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="668" data-original-width="523" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg6X9vbTmZXseQ7fAfIM1nXwfQi8N38evleceT8RtZrFibP1lp2M_fq-2SThkOl16JUnzxHXFPSJ9psVR6OfuWvGAHVGLNTGgT8R0BJNYqWXMx4WPNFRi7nk8YrlQYVxwZCf-HFyLeaYY/w184-h236/5+poilu.jpg" width="184" /></a><span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><b>5. Center, "Nos Poilus" [The Poilus, literally, "the hairy ones" or “the unshaven"]:</b></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The French infantrymen of WWI were affectionately given the name "Poilu" in reference to their customary beards and large mustaches, as well as to their rustic, agrarian backgrounds. The term may date back to Napoleonic era soldiers when whiskers were a mark of virility. In 1914, the men of France were suddenly conscripted from the vineyards and farm fields and thrust into the slaughterhouse that was WWI. They became skilled and courageous soldiers in the trenches of the Western Front, but poor leadership in the early years and the superior firepower of the German army soon decimated their ranks. At the Battle of Verdun, which raged for almost the entire year of 1916, their losses were approximately 500,000. Seventy percent of the French infantrymen became casualties by war's end, with well over a million dead and wounded.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKKsPxViCz8h8PrIjrHn-bE5cRgQpBLQwJd0drkzM6v94rdAmRlnVSSKDBzGipDlaC266RkgAKTOAAKOF_GNK93F7aTLLMNKdWBlj8dUZxXNQ6sh_vJtg97GmHyOgrICiQBw50Xupc130/s1600/frenchtrench.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1041" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKKsPxViCz8h8PrIjrHn-bE5cRgQpBLQwJd0drkzM6v94rdAmRlnVSSKDBzGipDlaC266RkgAKTOAAKOF_GNK93F7aTLLMNKdWBlj8dUZxXNQ6sh_vJtg97GmHyOgrICiQBw50Xupc130/s400/frenchtrench.jpg" width="260" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><i> "La Grande Guerre 1914-15 en Champagne" [The Great War 1914-15, in the Champagne region of France].</i></b> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">This card is part of a series that was printed and published by Phototype Baudiniere in a suburb of Paris from photographs taken at the front. The caption indicates that these poilu are in a "listening-post" trench only 15 meters from the German line. The man at the upper right holds an early French "ball" hand grenade, and the fellow in the foreground has a round for a small mortar known as a "crapouilaud," a variant of the word "crapouillot," meaning "little toad." These small mortars set at an angle had the appearance of a toad with an open mouth.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRpzhU2Ib6gP3iEaYLZtrcxjxYIQBFaPvf6s3csSPHqoN7wd11wwXV0AtvFkFfFYZlwABgmrwZTGG5wg6ziyiCsyChge-hLJA0Q0XL6I4rKAnv9qjfVcFLTtQQGKvVID8NpIHX1tr72BY/s1600/F_77poilu1+copy.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1018" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRpzhU2Ib6gP3iEaYLZtrcxjxYIQBFaPvf6s3csSPHqoN7wd11wwXV0AtvFkFfFYZlwABgmrwZTGG5wg6ziyiCsyChge-hLJA0Q0XL6I4rKAnv9qjfVcFLTtQQGKvVID8NpIHX1tr72BY/s400/F_77poilu1+copy.jpg" width="253" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><i>French infantryman Georges Delbez</i></b> poses for his photograph in postcard dated December 18, 1914, which he sent to his wife Jeanne in a commune north of Paris. He is wearing the early French uniform of red trousers and a dark blue long coat, which was changed to a dusty, horizon-blue uniform in 1915. Georges and our postcard writer Albert, the writer of the "Artisans of Victory" postcard above, likely had much in common. In Georges' message to Jeanette, he called her his "little wolf" and he sent, "many kisses to my beloved." Georges told Jeanne that it was "going well in the trenches," but, from later correspondence of Jeanette's we know that Georges did not return home.</span><br />
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<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The original postcard above, written in 1917, offered honor and admiration for five different support roles in the anticipated victory for France and the Allies. It was an optimistic viewpoint in a war that had been raging for three years and would continue to destroy lives and landscapes for another year and a half.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Thousands of postcards like these exist in collections all over the world. Unfortunately, in most cases, they have floated free from ties to specific personal histories. Many wartime postcards were written hastily, censored for content, and sometimes mailed in envelopes along with a longer letter. Thus, many details of names, dates, and places are now missing.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">We don't know what became of Albert and his "mince chérie," nor how many hands this card passed through to arrive in my hands for this blog entry; however, such handwritten messages, and the cards that were chosen to carry them, give us small openings through which we can almost touch the lives of ordinary people caught up in the "War to End All Wars."<o:p></o:p></span></p></span>
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<div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #274e13;">Footnotes:</span></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13;">1. Many thanks to Cathy Lara for her wonderful translations. You can reach Cathy at: </span><a href="http://www.cathylara.com/" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #660000;">www.cathylara.com</span></a></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="color: #274e13;">2. French 75 Cocktail: </span><a href="https://www.liquor.com/recipes/french-75-2/"><span style="color: #660000;">https://www.liquor.com/recipes/french-75-2/</span></a></span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #274e13;">References:</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #274e13;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #274e13;">Your local library and the internet fairly bristle with books, images, film, and journal accounts about WWI. You will encounter men, women, and children whose trials, tragedies, and triumphs make most of our lives look very safe, comfortable, and rich.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13;">I particularly recommend:</span><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13;">Barbusse, Henri. <i>Under Fire</i>. Translated by Robin Buss and Jay Winter. London: Penguin Books, 2003. First published in French as Le Feu, 1916.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13;">Barthas, Louis. <i>Poilu: The World War I Notebook of Corporal Louis Barthas, Barrelmaker, 1914-1918. </i>Translated by Edward M. Strauss, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2014.</span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #274e13;">Hanna, Martha. <i>Your Death Would be Mine: Paul and Marie Pireaud in the Great War</i>, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006.</span><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13;">Jünger, Ernst, Storm of Steel, New York: Penguin Group, 2004. <i>In Stahlgewittern</i> first published in German in 1920.</span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #274e13;">Wharton, Edith. <i>Fighting France: From Dunkerque to Belfort</i>, Editor, Alice Kelly, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2016.</span><br />
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I also invite you to take a look at my website: <a href="http://ken-wilson.com/"><span style="color: #660000;">ken-wilson.com</span></a> and my new book, <i><span style="color: #660000;">Snapshots and Short Notes: Images and Messages of Early Twentieth-Century Photo Postcards</span>, </i>Published by the University of North Texas.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br />
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-45045842147660080522020-05-20T09:58:00.000-07:002020-05-20T10:24:25.091-07:00Snapshots and Short Notes: Images and Messages of Early Twentieth-Century Postcards<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Available from University of North Texas Press, June, 2020</div>
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<a href="http://untpress.unt.edu/">untpress.unt.edu</a> (800) 826-8911</div>
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and <a href="http://amazon.com/">Amazon.com</a></div>
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304 pages, illus., hardback $45.</div>
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<a href="http://ken-wilson.com/">ken-wilson.com</a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-style: italic;"> Snapshots and Short Notes</span> examines the photographic postcards exchanged during the first half of the twentieth century as illustrated, first-hand accounts of American life. Almost immediately after the introduction of the generic postcard at the turn of the century, innovations in small, accessible cameras added black and white photographs to the cards. The resulting combination of image and text emerged as a communication device tantamount to social media today.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Postcard messages and photographs tell the stories of ordinary lives during a time of far-reaching technological, demographic, and social changes: a family’s new combine harvester that could cut 40 acres a day; a young woman trying to find work in a man’s world; the sight of an airplane in flight. However, postcards also chronicled and shared hardship and tragedy—the glaring reality of homesteading on the High Plains, natural disasters, preparations for war, and the struggles for racial and gender equality.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> With a meticulous eye for detail, painstaking research, and astute commentary, Wilson surveys more than 160 photographic postcards, reproduced in full color, that provide insights into every aspect of life in a time not far removed from our own.</span></span></div>
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-83444334888876368162020-05-16T17:44:00.006-07:002022-10-27T15:37:25.397-07:00Captain Thomas Leonard<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
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Originally published on Blogger 2/9/2012 </div>
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A revised and expanded version of this story appears in </div>
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<i>Snapshots and Short Notes</i>, Kenneth Wilson, Univ. of North Texas Press, 2020.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6iovauqNI-lXmyLlPUv_5dRuKJiktLKm0Q6v2HO3qQtPE2wVlzHMfjdgeAI_6RFV3ea8F-x7x06TxCMUBrv1VAoxa-rPWDs8mJ5dGx8IMiuj13uk4tMcnb6zej0wnLtHe3EqZQxJkATM/s1600/Leonard.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4-Td0x7gJEPNPNP-yFWdUClvZK7nRuZnjTcngfgsbI5MvHMwB9drd3SVWpwAFBuEHmCe9Rdc8YdmntYeZG2c7u9scZssSMjNQBnMc65sLloPN5orYcEuovDmYpE2DqXjYbMCkUyiuTjM/s1600/leonard1.jpg"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXEdT5AMc51Ab-UPEvjr7ttOWka61_M_N3F2FOIQzWzbH5FQsdGvcyEC00qYpEdlR1O-zY_9N31AstEaVrdVgT7-4BGn_spplC5e7qEGP1FbikMdHBk06HGv0WFKojk0gSax39PrI89aE/s1600/leonard1.jpg"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXEdT5AMc51Ab-UPEvjr7ttOWka61_M_N3F2FOIQzWzbH5FQsdGvcyEC00qYpEdlR1O-zY_9N31AstEaVrdVgT7-4BGn_spplC5e7qEGP1FbikMdHBk06HGv0WFKojk0gSax39PrI89aE/s640/leonard1.jpg" width="388" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span><span>Some of the research on this card had already been done for me by Chris Warner of Kansas who was the previous owner of this real photo postcard. The image is of a handsome couple in front of their house in Austin, Minnesota, on the Fourth of July, 1911. As you can see the old</span><span><span> Civil War veteran is wearing his Grand Army of the Republic ribbon and his reunion hat (1) with the GAR emblem sits on his knee. His wife stands beside him, and the house is decorated with flags and banners to celebrate the holiday.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span>The card is addressed to Miss Mattie J. Lang, Austin, Minnesota, and its handwritten message reads, "We wish you a happy birthday and many returns of July 4th," and is signed, "Mr. & Mrs. Leonard." A seemingly later note was written on the back: "Mr. & Mrs. Leonard were next door neighbors in Austin to Grandma and Grandpa Lang, Aunt Mattie and Aunt Minnie Lang." </span></div>
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<span>With a magnifying glass or the magic of the computer, you can make out the details of the ribbon that Mr. Leonard is wearing. Here is a detail of that part of the photo:</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHY3efL2GXDm72hWB0fjedR_Rv1SJ9U3-kq2WfxJRUfY0IanNJBsJ4i2Z3KEXN3Rp-FCoMRQmLbrhuqmDgFugJaYJr8-b2pyFvkfs533haD7rjSOyRBvrL4ykzPHT_eJL2hap6mHSHO1o/s1600/leonarddetail.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHY3efL2GXDm72hWB0fjedR_Rv1SJ9U3-kq2WfxJRUfY0IanNJBsJ4i2Z3KEXN3Rp-FCoMRQmLbrhuqmDgFugJaYJr8-b2pyFvkfs533haD7rjSOyRBvrL4ykzPHT_eJL2hap6mHSHO1o/s400/leonarddetail.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
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<span>The ribbon reads, "In Memoriam, McIntyre Post 66, Austin, Minnesota," and above is the symbol of the Grand Army of the Republic medal.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOChPha8itzLqkxNxjzfK9sOVNkROG0jhxcwrLjmRZuO0752wkUka0jyo6LWvF3sylS26oe-hr0aaTTmmkBRL_g9JqyCuZt7Xq7lCeGxjmQ_cSlIMYSH4N25q0Y4PY7WQt-fbzJbM2OSo/s1600/youngleonard.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOChPha8itzLqkxNxjzfK9sOVNkROG0jhxcwrLjmRZuO0752wkUka0jyo6LWvF3sylS26oe-hr0aaTTmmkBRL_g9JqyCuZt7Xq7lCeGxjmQ_cSlIMYSH4N25q0Y4PY7WQt-fbzJbM2OSo/s400/youngleonard.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
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<span>Captain Leonard was born in 1842 and died in 1916, five years after the above photo was taken. He is buried in the Oakwood Cemetery in Austin, Minnesota, and there is a picture of his grave monument at www.findagrave.com.</span></div>
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<span>Thomas Leonard enlisted in Vermont in 1861, as a private, into F Company, 3rd Infantry (Vermont), and was mustered out in 1865. He was promoted to Sargent (date unknown), to 2nd. Lieutenant in 1864, to 1st Lieutenant, and later to Captain in 1865. </span><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span>Leonard apparently saw considerable action during the war, because he is listed as having been wounded on July 10, 1863, at Funkstown, MD, and again at the Battle of the Wilderness on May 6, 1864, and again only six days later at Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia, on May 12, 1864.</span><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span>The following three paragraphs, compliments of Wikipedia, give some brief details of these three Civil War engagements:</span><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span><b>The Battle of Funkstown</b> took place near Funkstown, Maryland, on July 10, 1863, during the Gettysburg Campaign. Union forces of the Army of the Potomac attacked the rear guard of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during its retreat from Pennsylvania following the Battle of Gettysburg. Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart’s cavalry, posted at Funkstown, posed a serious risk to the Union army and Stuart was determined to wage a spirited defense to ensure Lee time to complete fortifications protecting his army and his avenue of retreat. Gen. John Buford’s Union cavalry division encountered Stuart’s crescent-shaped, three-mile-long battle line. By early evening, the Union Army began withdrawing and Stuart had kept the Federals at bay for yet another day. The day-long battle resulted in 479 casualties. </span><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span><b>The Battle of the Wilderness</b>, fought May 5–7, 1864, was the first battle of Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Virginia Overland Campaign against Gen. Robert E. Lee and the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. Both armies suffered heavy casualties.</span><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span><b>The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House</b>, was the second major battle in Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Overland Campaign. Following the bloody but inconclusive Battle of the Wilderness, Grant's army disengaged from Confederate General Robert E. Lee's army and moved to the southeast, attempting to lure Lee into battle under more favorable conditions. Elements of Lee's army beat the Union army to the critical crossroads of Spotsylvania Court House and began entrenching. Fighting occurred on and off from May 8 through May 21, 1864, as Grant tried various schemes to break the Confederate line. In the end, the battle was tactically inconclusive, but with almost 32,000 casualties on both sides, it was the costliest battle of the Overland campaign.</span><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span>Captain Leonard would undoubtedly have had some harrowing stories to tell, and although those details have been lost to us, this wonderful real photo postcard and the notes on the back of it, connect us to his life in a very real way.</span><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span>If you know any more about Captain Leonard's history or that of his neighbors, the Lang family, please add your comments to the blog or email me.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><i>In war, there are no unwounded soldiers. </i></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><i> </i>–– José Narosky</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">1. The Grand Army of the Republic was a Civil War veterans' organization formed in 1866. GAR posts formed in many towns and cities where members gathered for camaraderie. Leonard's hat was the regulation uniform hat of the organization and would have been worn at GAR meetings, Civil War parades, memorials, and reunions.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjag25cuSGCwb93588DT3-MamtX5PDgC1knQd6UarcHy95Z0_yG5OsPvFkIZamIEwA3rhh0GnZQfDCt0ElmeYCbWNTXK3k-Itd8_GePB1LGGngKNWMc2q4YHAh4KRFVXbJcHIGuZ5yE95vw4Br1MfKNeUwffvWWjdvNBOZqwVRWSV8ElEB88O1rLe4B/s1658/GARhats.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1658" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjag25cuSGCwb93588DT3-MamtX5PDgC1knQd6UarcHy95Z0_yG5OsPvFkIZamIEwA3rhh0GnZQfDCt0ElmeYCbWNTXK3k-Itd8_GePB1LGGngKNWMc2q4YHAh4KRFVXbJcHIGuZ5yE95vw4Br1MfKNeUwffvWWjdvNBOZqwVRWSV8ElEB88O1rLe4B/w377-h243/GARhats.jpg" width="377" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">Postcard sent to the Adjutant of GAR Post 257, Drakesville, Iowa, circa 1897, </p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDW54ztIY1FNgvcnRCU-bIAUvkquI8AM3pjFuJGmk3Mqd9pRdzFaGRxigu2hL7wLt6FpshDkLjBBW5FTINTtDn19wVUUdPJxWhsoNHoEnSRp4nOlPFHRuKFfouFfSaK2XW3p6GpPVNRA1Wni61eM0_4v3K5y4UWWRM8pISecUam2fcc04CGUKE-sCA/s1666/GARreunion.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1074" data-original-width="1666" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDW54ztIY1FNgvcnRCU-bIAUvkquI8AM3pjFuJGmk3Mqd9pRdzFaGRxigu2hL7wLt6FpshDkLjBBW5FTINTtDn19wVUUdPJxWhsoNHoEnSRp4nOlPFHRuKFfouFfSaK2XW3p6GpPVNRA1Wni61eM0_4v3K5y4UWWRM8pISecUam2fcc04CGUKE-sCA/w257-h165/GARreunion.jpg" width="257" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI0MwigP-oCZTT7C3mtxS2dtomMg_iJEwYAKpe2iJUhVrtRocDk_Lz6PK7s_kB3BcF7wuNKRmDA2rBTYmhc464cnbYTwhiIPqzE6MNdqjJAbO6nVx6XWyENWn7p9yBlQUX7239cJBhUl8DC7mlY7XEmDG2U3td5GZqaZtXp20ft3ibWmExp1aMP2O5/s1654/GARreunionbk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1078" data-original-width="1654" height="164" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI0MwigP-oCZTT7C3mtxS2dtomMg_iJEwYAKpe2iJUhVrtRocDk_Lz6PK7s_kB3BcF7wuNKRmDA2rBTYmhc464cnbYTwhiIPqzE6MNdqjJAbO6nVx6XWyENWn7p9yBlQUX7239cJBhUl8DC7mlY7XEmDG2U3td5GZqaZtXp20ft3ibWmExp1aMP2O5/w251-h164/GARreunionbk.jpg" width="251" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">Dodge City, Kansas GAR Reunion, 1910. <o:p></o:p></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">Veteran seated at right is wearing GAR uniform hat.<o:p></o:p></p></div><p></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><i><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdiwb3eqWkuaOpjnmUAQSn4pMFoAuVL8ze_CQCGmvn6Vm8s7uCic0pNxV8T67X89mk2oVKoX6yBZPSRBj2Qs_k6hP_6sADfqCd2C_14g9RLHdpXkSLSKsogrLUE2DxCzjeKjKdQHTHcbt9ozJEhKAnlh679sA6iIKcLld9cnjiT8gpV0Rslqo6xij9/s1686/GAR.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1070" data-original-width="1686" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdiwb3eqWkuaOpjnmUAQSn4pMFoAuVL8ze_CQCGmvn6Vm8s7uCic0pNxV8T67X89mk2oVKoX6yBZPSRBj2Qs_k6hP_6sADfqCd2C_14g9RLHdpXkSLSKsogrLUE2DxCzjeKjKdQHTHcbt9ozJEhKAnlh679sA6iIKcLld9cnjiT8gpV0Rslqo6xij9/w410-h260/GAR.jpg" width="410" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">1906 Postcard.<o:p></o:p></p></div><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></i></div>
Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-8525424060858170542020-05-05T19:23:00.002-07:002022-10-26T15:43:57.328-07:00Baby and the Hula<div align="center" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">originally posted 12/4/2013 </span></div>
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A revised and expanded version of this story appears in </div>
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<i>Snapshots and Short Notes</i>, Kenneth Wilson, Univ. of North Texas Press, 2020.</div>
<i><br /><br />Those who dance are considered insane by those who cannot hear the music.</i><span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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–– George Carlin<span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">I recently came across this 1927 tourist postcard of a young Hawaiian girl dancing the hula. The penciled note on the back said, “Elizabeth Beamer who danced the Hula at the Volcano House, Hilo, Hawaii, May 2, 1927.” The message was brief, but in combination with the striking pose of the young girl, it was more than sufficient to warrant adding this card to my collection of real photo postcards with hand-written narratives. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;">Elizabeth Beamer, Volcano House, Hilo, Hawaii, 1927<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">I sent a scan of this postcard to my friend Charlie Dahlberg, who grew up in Hilo, Hawaii, and whose family had a long-standing connection to the art of the hula. I thought that someone in his family might have heard of this young entertainer. I received a return email almost immediately –– the young girl in the photo was his mother!<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">This extraordinary coincidence took Charlie and me both by surprise. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>We were both amazed that I happened upon a real photo postcard of his mother dancing the hula as a child entertainer and chanced to share it with him.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br />Before we get to the story of Charlie's mother and the hula, I should share a little background about Charlie. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br />My<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>friend Robert and I first met Charlie during a two-week dory trip through the Grand Canyon in 2004. After our first campsite supper, we noticed Charlie sitting by himself reading a beat-up copy of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Atlantic Monthly.</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span> That set him apart right away – I mean, who reads the<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Atlantic Monthly</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>while on a trip through the Grand Canyon? Robert struck up a conversation with Charlie about politics, and as the trip progressed, we realized that he was well read, well traveled, and quite knowledgeable on many subjects. He was also a welcome participant in all the trip activities and both he and Robert could out-hike most of the younger members of our group. We also took note of the fact that Charlie could swim with the agility of a fish and never missed an opportunity to bathe or swim in the river, no matter how cold or rough the water.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">In the years since the Grand Canyon trip, Charlie has become one of the regulars in our casual group of river runners, joining us at least once a year for canoe or kayak trips on the Green River in Utah or the Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>He tends to be quiet and reserved, but if prompted, he is willing to share his views and personal history. Charlie graduated from the Air Force Academy in the 1960s, flew light aircraft as a Forward Air Controller during the Vietnam War, and later worked in the field of information technology. Now that he is retired, he and his wife travel frequently and spend a portion of each year with his family in Hawaii.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">In contrast to his breadth of general knowledge, Charlie often entertains his fellow river travelers with a new series of shamelessly bad “… walks into a bar” jokes while we eat our freeze-dried lasagna or mac and cheese. I was initially impressed with his extensive catalog of unfortunate puns until I realized he was memorizing a new group of them just before each trip! To his credit, Charlie also tells us stories about growing up in Hawaii, and these are considerably more entertaining than his jokes.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Charlie’s father, Bill, was a Texan who met and married a young Hawaiian woman just before WWII. (Yes, the young lady in the photo had grown up.) After the war, Bill settled into life with his wife’s large extended Hawaiian family.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">One of the pleasures of river trips is sitting around a campfire and talking without the presence of electronic devices or television. As one might imagine, the topics on our “travels with Charlie” varied from deep philosophical questions to crude humor, but somewhere in that mix, one subject that came up a few times was the hula. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">No, we weren’t dancing by light of the fire, (well, maybe once, but that’s another story) but Charlie told us that his mother’s family had a long tradition of participation and innovation in the traditional Hawaiian hula. At least as far back as his maternal great-grandmother, the family has produced many Kumu (hula masters) and today, several family members have their own halau (hula group or school). In 2011, the family’s Beamer-Solomon Halau o Po’ohala group presented a hula drama at the Peter Norton Symphony Space in New York City.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;"> The Beamer-Solomon Halau o Po’hala perform “Eia Ka Hula: Behold the Hula” in New York City</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Charlie’s mother, Helen Elizabeth Kawohikukapulani Desha Beamer, known as “Baby” to the family, was born and grew up in Hilo, Hawaii (1), and learned to sing and dance at an early age. In<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Our Hawaii,</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>published in 1942, Erna Fergusson describes a visit to the Beamer house to interview Elizabeth’s mother about the history of the hula. During the conversation Elizabeth returned home from her job at her father’s hardware store, and her mother asked her to dance for Miss Fergusson:</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">“Have you a minute?” asked Mrs. Beamer after introductions.</span></i></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">“Not a minute, not a second. Dad is waiting.”</span></i></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">But Mrs. Beamer was going on: “I wanted you to dance for Miss Fergusson.”</span></i></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">“Oh, well,” said the daughter, “if it is to dance…”<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">She freed her feet from high-heeled slippers and flexed their muscles against the lauhala while her mother took a big calabash and sank onto the floor in a swift movement. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>The daughter’s arms went out as she breathed a questioning phrase. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>The mother answered with the same phrase as an affirmative, struck the calabash with her hand, and began to sing.</span></i></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The hula was E Liliu e! (Oh, the Queen!) I had often seen it; Mrs. Beamer managed to give me it’s meaning.</span></i></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">“The Queen,” the chanter says, “is beautiful,” while the dancer’s hands outline the crown, and upturned eyes express reverence. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>The dancer carries the rhythm of the voice and the calabash by the swinging of her hips, the turning of her torso, the dainty stepping of her feet. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>But the effect is one of casualness. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>As the song continues, the hands evoke the Queen’s specific charms. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Flashing eyes, the flush of her cheeks, with an upward gesture as a flush runs from throat to brow. “Shoulders graceful as a wave.” The hands sway outward from the shoulders as waves roll. Then they seem to caress a flowerlike skin, outlining the breasts, and the slim waist above the hips always rotating in an exquisitely feminine expression. “Her knees, beautiful as the mouth of a moi fish.” The knees show how graceful squatting and throwing out the knees can be. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>The dance ends with the Queen’s tiny feet that walk like rippling water.</span></i></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">They ended together, laughing in a harmony far deeper than the synchronization of the mother’s instrument and voice with the girl’s dancing. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>I begged for another one.</span></i></div></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">After being invited for lunch on Saturday, Miss Fergusson agreed to stay a few more days in Hilo, and she describes the greeting she received on Saturday after arriving at the Beamer house above the Wailuku River:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0 0 0 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">As I entered, a maile wreath was laid on my shoulders and “Baby Beamer,” the pretty blonde dancer, greeted me with a kiss that should accompany a lei in Hawaii. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Everybody was whispering there was to be an announcement; <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>“Baby” was to marry an Army aviator.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></div></blockquote>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">As Charlie tells the story, his mother first saw the only man she would ever love from her place behind the cash register at her father’s hardware store. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Bill had flown into Hilo to pick up flowers for an Officer’s Club function at Hickam field and was looking sharp in his Army Air Corps uniform. After a few months of courtship Baby and Bill were married, and this young haole from San Antonio, Texas was welcomed into his bride’s Hawaiian family.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;">Baby and Bill, Hilo, Hawaii 1940<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">As you may have realized, this part of the story took place in Hawaii only a short time before the devastating attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. Bill was stationed at Hickam Field during the surprise attack by Japanese bombers. He and</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #c0504d; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Baby were renting an apartment high up on the outside face of what is now the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, known as the “Punchbowl Crater.” When they heard the roar of the airplane engines that Sunday morning, they hurried outside and could just make out the “rising sun” emblem on the aircraft fuselages. Bill told Baby to go to her brother’s house, and he rushed to Hickam Field. He was unable to get airborne but was on the tarmac firing his sidearm as the later waves of Japanese planes went over. He and Baby did not see each other again for two weeks during which time she and other officer’s wives stayed at her brother’s house. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Baby stayed in Hawaii during the war, and Bill returned there in 1945 after serving in the South Pacific, Europe, and a final assignment in Russia. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>The couple raised four children, Pan (Charlie), Lee Boy, Sue Helen, and Jeanie Girl. Bill and Baby worked together in their own business enterprises in Hilo, first with an ice cream business named Blue Bonnet, in homage to Bill’s home state of Texas, and later in the export business. <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">After Charlie’s email reply telling me the young girl in the 1927 photo was his mother, I mailed the original postcard to Charlie and in exchange he allowed me access to his family’s history and the amazing love story of Baby, Bill, and the hula.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Charlie’s parents are both gone now, but after putting this short narrative together around the beautiful postcard image of Baby, I feel as if I know them a little and I can feel the strength of their family bonds. </span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br />I also gained some understanding of the song and rhythm of life that is the hula.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Aloha oe.</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><i>Those who dance are considered insane by those who cannot hear the music.<o:p></o:p></i></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">–– George Carlin<o:p></o:p></p></div>
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<i>1. Our Hawaii</i>, Erna Fergusson, A. A. Knopf, New York, 1942<span style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span>For another connection to Charlie and his Hawaiian family, see the blog entry of June, 2012, titled, "No Angel: A Seaside Mystery"<br />
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Neva LockettDecember 5, 2013 at 5:03 AM<o:p></o:p></div>
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Another wonderful Breadcrumbs story. Extraordinary, Ken. What a lovely world where such connections happen.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The Kailua KidMarch 11, 2015 at 1:52 PM<o:p></o:p></div>
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Please inform Charlie that I am in possession of a little more than a minute's worth of some pretty wonderful 16mm film, circa December 7, 1929. It depicts his mother, "Tiny", dancing the hula under the guidance of Aunty Harriet Magoon. Also trying to keep up with them is keiki Nona Beamer. The b/w 16mm film was taken by a tourist up at the Volcano House while in Hilo on a lay-over aboard Matson's SS Malolo while it was on her maiden "Round the Pacific" cruise.<o:p></o:p></div>
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I am producing a documentary about this specific cruise and the footage will be one of the highlights of the film. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Rick Helin<o:p></o:p></div>
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aka KailuaKid<o:p></o:p></div>
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Kenneth Grey Wilson March 29, 2015 at 8:21 PM<o:p></o:p></div>
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Thanks so much! Sorry for the delay in getting back to you. Is there a way Charlie could see the clip? If not, we will try to follow your progress, and look forward to seeing the film! You mentioned his mother "Tiny" is that an error or is it a name attached to the clip? All I know is "Baby" but I'm sure Charlie will reply to this. Thanks again!! Ken<o:p></o:p></div>
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Charlie Dahlberg March 30, 2015 at 7:11 AM<o:p></o:p></div>
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Rick,<o:p></o:p></div>
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Please keep me posted. I, as well as the entire Ohana, will be interested in your film. Perhaps I could offer some insight: I never heard my mother referred to as "Tiny", and Harriett was her step-sister.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Aloha,<o:p></o:p></div>
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Charlie<o:p></o:p></div>
Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-639704636795549782015-07-23T18:13:00.001-07:002022-09-19T11:28:48.003-07:00Briefly Along the Western Front<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
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Prologue: The following is a report of a ten-day trip that my son Ned and I took in April 2015, exploring the World War I Western Front in France and Belgium. This account is not organized by the chronology of events or relative significance of various military engagements; constrained by limited available time, we chose to travel the Western Front from southeast to northwest, working from a tentative list of places and events which we hoped would expand our understanding of “The Great War.” We had studied histories and photographs, but we wanted to see the landscape, walk the sites, and examine the ruins and relics that remain today. We wanted to experience the physical spaces in hopes of a better understanding of the human toll of this long, brutal conflict. Rather than an examination of the broader aspects of politics, governments, and warfare, the focus of this piece is the appalling cost of World War I on the soldiers who fought, the civilians who endured, and the landscape that still bears countless scars a century later. Brief historical background material has been included––however, any factual errors are my own. KGW</div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;">Briefly Along the Western Front</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">On June 24, 1916, John and Flora Jones in North Perth, Australia received a beautiful embroidered silk postcard from their son Harry in France. Private Harry Waters Jones was one of three brothers who volunteered to serve with the Australian Imperial Forces on the Western Front during WWI.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCpyQgpixg8yudoVuBcy0CbDlqCehbBy-X8l2x5EfTxsveUdhsUv_9YTO3TNSPZa_9EBi8rwh2j98g1MFf_hS55RPvNcelod948RJR-_cWdiX1u8cQuHR6a8sd1EuTitlx_q1J7yLakkM/s1600/Harry.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCpyQgpixg8yudoVuBcy0CbDlqCehbBy-X8l2x5EfTxsveUdhsUv_9YTO3TNSPZa_9EBi8rwh2j98g1MFf_hS55RPvNcelod948RJR-_cWdiX1u8cQuHR6a8sd1EuTitlx_q1J7yLakkM/s640/Harry.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">My Dear Mother and Father, Just a line or two to let you know I am well. I hope you are all the same. I hope you will like this card. I have not heard from Will since I have been here. I had another letter from Uncle George. I will write you a letter next mail. I thought you would like this pretty card. Remember me to all. I hope Dad is keeping well. I remain your loving son, Harry.</span></i></div>
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The message on Harry’s card is a common one. Hundreds of thousands of postcards carried almost identical messages, inquiring about the health of those at home, and simply letting them know that their soldier was still alive. Postcards like Harry’s were censored by the military and self-censored by the soldiers; the messages were devoid of details about the horrible reality that was the First World War. </span><br />
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Harry Waters Jones died in the trenches of the Somme from an artillery explosion August 8, 1916. His name is on the Wall of the Missing at the Australian National Memorial at Villers-Bretonneux, France. Harry’s brother, Wilfred Dray Jones, was killed in action at Passchendaele on Oct. 13, 1917; his name is inscribed on the Menin Gate Memorial in Ypres, Belgium—one of 54,389 names of soldiers from the United Commonwealth Forces who fell in the Ypres Salient who have no known grave. The third Jones brother, William, survived the war to return home alone.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Journey</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">We are a century past the events of “The Great War,” but an ongoing collection of postcards similar to the one above have piqued my interest in the soldiers and civilians who experienced the war, and I have long wanted to tour some of the battlefield sites of the Western Front. My son, Ned, is a former Marine who has been interested in military history since boot camp where he heard stories about places like Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry. He was enthusiastic about the idea of a trip and we began planning an itinerary for the coming spring.</span><br />
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The Germans were fighting on two fronts during World War I. The Western Front extended from Switzerland to the Belgian coast as the German army pushed through Belgium and into France, but they were simultaneously fighting the Russians on the Eastern Front. WWI also encompassed fighting in Africa and the Middle East, as well as brief excursions into Central and Eastern Asia, but it was the Western Front that sustained four and a half years of battles and military deadlock in the muddy trenches and scarred landscape of northern France and Belgium.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />Ned and I hoped to temper our more serious historical pursuits with some beautiful scenery, good food, French wine, and friendly people; feeling humbled by our limited language skills, we brushed up on a few necessary French words: <i>bon jour</i>, <i>merci</i>, <i>chambre double</i>, <i>vin rouge</i>, <i>crepes</i> and that universal word—<i>sandwich</i>. After the long flight into Paris, we went straight to the rental car desk where we chose a small, black Peugeot 208; within 20 minutes we were driving on winding, narrow, back roads under clear skies and sunshine. The smaller roads and countryside were uncluttered—no billboards, no large vehicles, no traffic lights—just a few roundabouts and open spaces with views of rolling hills, vineyards, farmland, and villages of timeworn stone buildings with red tile roofs. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyfquhG6JZyS3n739WyRL2jnBtaLAmFzITQBfd66_X6avhY9CT3zO513togkutN9E7jQYfBgZTcPEgGmP_iBBzBcyChCLEyS7n7-_lrkKQ2KeNDofpZMWzQEUXMdcN6_6ydkFKRKtPkdI/s1600/vineyardscrop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="380" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyfquhG6JZyS3n739WyRL2jnBtaLAmFzITQBfd66_X6avhY9CT3zO513togkutN9E7jQYfBgZTcPEgGmP_iBBzBcyChCLEyS7n7-_lrkKQ2KeNDofpZMWzQEUXMdcN6_6ydkFKRKtPkdI/s640/vineyardscrop.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Champagne Region of France just
northeast of Paris.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">La
Grande Guerre</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">One could spend years reading about WWI without completely understanding and appreciating the events that took place between 1914 and 1918. The causes and instigating factors of the war were complex, but the ensuing human and economic losses were both obvious and staggering. Despite the limitations of a short trip, and the passage of a hundred years, Ned and I wanted to see some of these sites first hand—places like Verdun, the Argonne Forest, Passchendaele, Ypres, Essex Farm, and the valleys of the Marne and Meuse rivers. We hoped that by doing so we might gain a better understanding of the lives and sacrifices of the individual soldiers and civilians who found themselves caught up in in this “war to end all wars.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">France’s new Musée de la Grande Guerre, in the city of Meaux, was our first stop after we left the Paris airport. The museum is housed in a beautiful, modern, "floating" structure with references to the war in the design of its walls and gates. To reach the building's entrance, one walks across a relief map of the Western Front in the space beneath the elevated museum building. Inside the museum itself, the displays are beautifully presented and engaging, including one of the legendary "Taxis of the Marne" from the first Battle of the Marne when the French and their British Allies turned the tide of the German advance on Paris.</span></div>
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By the autumn of 1914, the German forces had pushed through Belgium and were continuing south toward Paris. There was debate within the French government about abandoning Paris to German occupation, but insead the French and British mounted an offensive attack that pushed the Germans back to the Aisne River; the battle became known as “Miracle of the Marne.” The resulting Allied and German positions solidified into a stalemate; trench warfare and an extremely costly war of attrition would last another four years. <br />
<br />
The Renault taxi on exhibit in the museum was one of 600 taxis commandeered off the streets of Paris by the French military during the Battle of the Marne in 1914; passengers were turned out of some taxis and other taxis were called out from their garages. The taxis transported 5,000 French soldiers to the front, many of whom had never ridden in a motorcar before; the passengers left stranded in the road cheered when they heard the reason they were abandoned. Five thousand soldiers was a small number compared to the millions of combatants in the Battle of the Marne, but the taxis came to symbolize French pride and solidarity; they are remembered today as part of the “Miracle of the Marne,” when the French and their British Allies stopped the German juggernaut only 30 miles from Paris.<br />
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; mso-spacerun: yes;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXo2Nz3A2eWVshT587VI2Xp8nsjTkEtb0CBFaDF1TuM1blTwNLStK5dfquBEgr8C46uFwugRtPK2Q6f8t3fA7wZxFMLfHjkR-GF41YhnEW3LZoCrT2KHgUUT4BfV4MP8-qqEa6q0KYbWU/s1600/taxiMarne.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXo2Nz3A2eWVshT587VI2Xp8nsjTkEtb0CBFaDF1TuM1blTwNLStK5dfquBEgr8C46uFwugRtPK2Q6f8t3fA7wZxFMLfHjkR-GF41YhnEW3LZoCrT2KHgUUT4BfV4MP8-qqEa6q0KYbWU/s320/taxiMarne.jpg" width="320" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd9zqaxmhkO2iERM8SEekvalvJZhyphenhyphentaZwk51Me1WUY_8GGalArCoRAE0vn9x394w07JpCUof0tvRMRTz5lD8fD9Fde50Z3L6I7dAjExQTGHjyhkhW82_3N5O2Rh-Swg27PxvHzbw8WK8c/s1600/soldier.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd9zqaxmhkO2iERM8SEekvalvJZhyphenhyphentaZwk51Me1WUY_8GGalArCoRAE0vn9x394w07JpCUof0tvRMRTz5lD8fD9Fde50Z3L6I7dAjExQTGHjyhkhW82_3N5O2Rh-Swg27PxvHzbw8WK8c/s320/soldier.jpg" width="240" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> One of the Taxis of the Marne.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> Soldier</span>s display.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The museum houses displays of large artillery pieces, smaller weapons, uniforms, propaganda posters, and a Renault tank that seems to be coming up out of the floor––but it’s the displays of the smaller items, photographs, tools, drawings and correspondence, that touchingly reveal the personal lives of humans at the war front and the home front. A soldier’s pipe and tobacco, a shaving kit, a sweat-stained uniform cap, a well-used prosthetic arm, and a fiercely ugly, rusted, shrapnel mask worn by a tank gunner all seemed more intimate and more “real” than the spotlessly clean artillery cannon or army truck. One display held simple stringed musical instruments made from steel helmets and other war debris—each one seeming to offer a story or song that was almost perceptible.</span><br />
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A large group of life-size, uniformed soldiers are frozen in mid-step with some of them actually coming through the glass walls of the display case and into “our” space; detailed, full-sized recreations of front-line trenches blend seamlessly with actual WWI film footage of soldiers moving about. The colors of uniforms and other elements in the displays suddenly change to stark white at the outer edges of the presentations—seeming to represent the fading of reality into memory––or life into death.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Frontline trench recreation. Musée de la Grande Guerre, Meaux.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Detail of “Western
Front Battlefields Map, 1914 – 1918.” </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Reproduced with kind
permission of </span>www.greatwar.co.uk</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The area that comprised the Western Front is surprisingly small; one could drive the length of it today in about five hours, but this area of northern France and Belgium endured four and a half years of total devastation, destruction, and death. Artillery shelling reduced entire villages, forests, and agricultural areas to rubble, dust, shattered stumps, and mud.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The beginning of the 20th century saw exciting new inventions, including the airplane and the telephone, and many of these inventions found employment during the Great War as human beings found more effective ways to kill each other. New methods of mechanized warfare</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">—machine guns, hand grenades, tanks, larger artillery pieces, and poisonous gas</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">—</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">were brutal, and cruelly efficient against human bodies</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">. WWI was the world’s first industrialized war and battlefield losses were unprecedented.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">1915 Chauchat, French light machine gun. Placed into service with the French in 1916,</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">and extensively used by U.S. Forces, 1917 – 1918. Musée de la Grande Guerre, Meaux.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The total number of deaths during the war was nearly ten million soldiers and seven million civilians, with many more maimed and wounded; in one week in September 1914, the French lost 80,000 killed and wounded at the First Battle of the Marne. On July 1, 1916, the first day of the Battle of the Somme, the British Army lost 20,000 men killed and 40,000 wounded—and the battle of the Somme would last for 141 days. Just outside of Verdun, Ned and I visited the ossuary at Douaumont, a memorial that houses the skeletal remains of 130,000 unknown French and German soldiers that were recovered from the Verdun battlefield.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Throughout the area of the Western Front, farmers still uncover shrapnel, shell casings, rusted weapons, unexploded ordnance, human remains, and personal effects in their plowed fields and vineyards. A restaurant owner that I will tell you about later gave me a button from a French infantry uniform; he had a cup full of them behind the bar, and he told me that he</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">finds them frequently in the local vineyards.</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Belleau Wood</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">It was only a short distance from the museum at Meaux to the village of Belleau and the small, forested, hill on its western edge known as </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>Bois de Belleau, </i>or</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Belleau Wood. This hilltop and the fields to its south and west were the site of a now legendary battle between U.S. forces and dug-in German troops in June of 1918. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the spring of 1918, the German army advanced south to the Marne River in a last desperate effort to take Paris and end the war. They captured Chateau-Thierry on the Marne and moved westward into Belleau Wood. During March and April, newly arrived American troops were pouring into combat positions along the Western Front, reinforcing their exhausted French and British allies, and halting the Germans Spring Offensive at the Marne River. As part of the Allied counter-offensive, U.S. Marines and American soldiers, under the command of the French Army, halted the German advance at the village of Belleau, and, at great cost, captured the hilltop known as Belleau Wood. The U.S. Marines of the 4th Marine Brigade’s 5th and 6th Regiments are particularly revered for their part in this battle.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Army’s 2nd Division Engineers prepared defensive positions and served alongside the Marines as they repelled German attacks from shallow fighting positions in open fields below Belleau Wood for three days in early June. On June 6 the Marines mounted a two-prong attack from the west and south across the wheat fields into murderous machine gun fire. It was here that Marine Gunnery Sgt. Dan Daly is quoted as yelling at his men of the 73rd Machine Gun company: <i>Come on you sons-of-bitches, you want to live forever? </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Marines advanced in waves, with the rear waves moving up and past the earlier ones, passing the bodies of the dead and wounded. In his official report in December 1918, Josephus Daniels, Secretary of the Navy described the attack of June 6 at Belleau Wood:</span><br />
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">'Men fell like flies,' the expression is that of an officer writing from the field. Companies that entered the battle 250 strong dwindled to 50 and 60, with a sergeant in command; but the attack did not falter… In Belleau Wood the fighting had been literally from tree to tree, stronghold to stronghold. Belleau Wood was a jungle, its every rocky formation containing a German machine-gun nest, almost impossible to reach by artillery or grenade fire. There was only one way to wipe out these nests—by the bayonet… </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The heroism and doggedness of that battle are unparalleled. Time after time officers seeing their lines cut to pieces, seeing their men so dog-tired that they even fell asleep under shellfire, hearing their wounded calling for water they were unable to supply, seeing men fight on after they had been wounded and until they dropped unconscious; … (officers) would send back messages to their post command that their men were exhausted. But in answer to this would come the word that the line must hold, and if possible, those lines must attack. And the lines obeyed.</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Drawing of the Belleau Wood Battle by Georges Scott, published in France, 1921.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Marines casualties that day were their highest single-day loss in Marine history, but they managed to obtain a foothold in Belleau Wood. During ten days of desperate combat, including hand-to-hand fighting with bayonets, grenades, and trench knives, the Marines slowly advanced into the dense wooded underbrush, taking one machine gun nest after another. They were relieved by the Army’s 7th Infantry on June 17, but returned to the line five days later and finally cleared the woods of Germans by June 26. The Germans gave the Marines the name “Devil Dogs,” and today Bois de Belleau is honored and hallowed ground to U.S. Marines.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />The little farming village of Belleau sits just below the quiet hilltop, looking much as it did before the battle—a few houses and barns, a church, and the “mairie,” or mayor’s office and town hall. It reminded me of one of those miniature villages that people arrange on their fireplace mantels during the holidays. The forest above the town was once the hunting ground of the Count and Countess of Belleau, but now the scarred hilltop is a memorial that peacefully overlooks the Aisne-Marne American cemetery. The cemetery contains the graves of 2,289 war dead from 10 American Divisions who fell during the fighting in and around Chateau-Thierry in the summer of 1918. The walls inside the memorial chapel display the names of another 1,060 men whose remains were never found.</span><br />
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Walking the trails through Belleau Wood, Ned and I passed trenches, foxholes and artillery-shell craters that are still distinctly evident, giving the woods an eerie feeling as if soldiers were just out of sight. The few surviving original trees, referred to as “veterans,” are never cut—partly out of respect, but also because they are full of bullets and shrapnel. The only sounds Ned and I heard were a few bird songs and our own soft-spoken comments as we tried to comprehend some of the details of the battle with the help of a large bronze map near the parking area. Walking to the western edge of the hill, we could see the open fields where the first American assaults took place. The peacefulness of the place was in stark contrast to what must have been an appalling torrent of artillery explosions, machine gun and small arms fire, cries of the wounded, and the stench of death.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Artillery shell holes, foxholes and trenches are still evident in Belleau Wood.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">After a comfortable night at a bed and breakfast owned by a retired American couple in nearby Reuilly-Sauvigny, we returned to Belleau the next morning. David Atkinson, the superintendent of the Aisne-Marne American Cemetery, gave us some reference points concerning the battle, the cemetery, and the approximate locations of some of the early temporary cemeteries, which we had seen pictured on old postcards. Emails to Atkinson’s office, prior to the trip, had provided us with the names and locations of the graves of several U.S. Marines who had enlisted in Texas and Internet searches had yielded some details of their lives.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Slowly walking along the gently curving rows of crosses and Stars of David in the American Cemetery, we read the names engraved in white marble—names of men from Texas, Pennsylvania, New York, Michigan, Illinois, New Jersey, South Dakota, Mississippi and many other states. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Lieutenant Thomas Brailsford, U.S.M.C., was from Pittsburgh, but graduated from Texas A&M in 1917. He was a tall, handsome young man and recently married. He was 24 years old when he was killed in action at Belleau Wood in June 1918. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">We also paid our respects at the grave of David Marion Maxwell, Navy Pharmacist Mate, who was assigned to the Fifth Marines as a corpsman. Maxwell’s family was from Arkansas, but he enlisted in Dallas, Texas. He was wounded on June 16, 1918, while tending to wounded Marines in the field during the battle of Belleau Wood, but he continued his work under machine gun and artillery fire. He was wounded again and died the following day. The French awarded Maxwell the Croix de Guerre and he was awarded a Silver Star Citation by the U.S. We corresponded with Maxwell’s nephew prior to our trip and we were able to provide the family with a photo of his headstone.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Lt. Thomas Brailsford, U.S.M.C. Pharmacist Mate 2nd Class David Maxwell</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Aisne-Marne American Cemetery below Belleau Wood</span><br />
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One of the Marines buried in the American Cemetery is Major Edward B. Cole who commanded the 6th Machine Gun Battalion at Belleau Wood. Major Cole was a Harvard graduate and an expert on machine guns before the war. On June 10, he was leading an attack on an enemy machine gun position when he was wounded by a hand grenade; when a second grenade landed in front of him, he grabbed it to throw it back but it exploded in his hand. Severly wounded, he crawled back to his men under rifle fire and died of his wounds eight days later, in a field hospital. </div>
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Major Cole received the Navy Cross and the Distinguished Service Cross for heroism during the Battle of Belleau Wood; he lies with his comrades, heroes all, in the Aisne-Marine American Cemetery, Belleau, France.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">The Bulldog Fountain</span></b><br />
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We were not about to leave Belleau without a visit to the legendary bulldog fountain that spouts the cold, clear water that the village is named for (<i>belle eau</i> – beautiful water). Some stories say that the Countess of Belleau installed the large, bronze, bulldog head as a tribute to the U.S. Marines, but in reality, the fountain predates WWI and was probably meant to represent one of the bullmastiff hunting dogs of the estate. However, soon after the war, Marines visiting Belleau Wood “adopted” the fountain as a representation of their own “Devil Dog” mascot. One of the legends about the fountain is that any Marine who drinks from it will gain an extra 20 years of life. Of course, Ned drank deeply at the fountain, and, although I’m not a Marine, I figured it couldn’t hurt to have a sip.</div>
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Ned takes a drink from the Bulldog Fountain at Belleau.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Verdun</span></b> </div>
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The Americans did not enter the war until 1917, but the French, Belgians, British, Canadians, Australians, New Zealanders, and Germans had already been fighting and dying in France for almost three years. During the next few days of our trip, Ned and I walked cemeteries, photographed rebuilt villages, and climbed hillsides that were still scarred with trenches, bunkers, mines, tunnels, craters, rusting angle iron, and barbed wire. We explored Verdun, Fort Douaumont, Chateau-Thierry, parts of the Argonne Forest, and the river valleys of the Meuse and the Marne. </div>
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I first heard the name Verdun in the early 1960s when my mother, an antiques dealer, obtained a piece of “trench art”—a brass shell casing that had been formed into a vase with “Verdun 1916” embossed into the metal. At the time, I mistakenly believed that all such items had been crafted by soldiers in the trenches during their idle time. However, while the men at the front did fashion some items like jewelry, letter openers, and ashtrays from the detritus of war, most "trench art" was created behind the combat zones. Soldiers in the rear echelons fashioned many artistic keepsakes of this sort in order to fill long hours of inactive time—creating mementos to keep, send home, or sell to other soldiers. French and Belgian villagers and war refugees also produced a large number of such items to sell to the soldiers during the war. It was an important cottage industry, capable of producing income for civilians who had been displaced or had suffered the destruction of their homes, farms, and businesses. Prisoners of war also handcrafted such folk art pieces to trade for food and cigarettes. In the post-war years "trench art" keepsakes continued to be created by villagers and sold to tourists and battlefield pilgrims. In her book, They Called it Passchendaele, Lyn Macdonald describes these postwar visitors to Flanders:<br />
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<i>They were mostly women, these pilgrims. Some of them were accompanied by a husband, or a father, or a son. More often by a sister or a daughter because their husbands and fathers and sons were already here. A whole generation of young men lay buried beneath the Flanders mud.</i></blockquote>
Another wartime handicraft was the local production of hand embroidered, silk postcards like the one that Harry Jones sent home to his mother; these beautiful cards were an enterprise for women in villages and refugee camps. The soldiers provided a ready market for these cards as something they could send home or keep for a souvenir—small bits of bright color and human affection in a dark place and time.<br />
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The battle for Verdun was one of the deadliest of the war. The city of Verdun was ringed with a series of large reinforced concrete defensive fortifications, but when the Germans attacked, in February 1916, they intended to take Verdun regardless of losses. They captured Fort Douaumont and Fort Vaux after extensive artillery shelling, and intense man-to-man fighting, both above ground and in the dark, damp, subterranean tunnels and living quarters. The French retook Douaumont in the autumn, but by December the casualties on both sides totaled over 600,000. The battle of Verdun lasted 303 days; the determination and bravery of the French soldier, the <i>poilu</i>, as they fought for their homes and their nation at Verdun cannot be overestimated. </div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The remains of Fort Douaumont, north of Verdun.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>Poilu</i> is the informal and endearing term for a French WWI infantryman. It literally means “hairy one,” and refers to their rustic background and their bushy mustaches and beards. If you happen to overhear someone questioning the courage of the French soldier, refer them to the Battle of Verdun; both the French and the Germans knew the battle as “The Hell of Verdun.”</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">French poilu George Delbez, sent a photo postcard to his wife, Jeannette, in November 1914 telling her about a recent inspection that found his troop <i>“robust enough to hit the trenches.”</i> He went on to say, <i>“Can’t we end the war now my little wolf? So that he </i>(referring to himself)<i> can hug and kiss his Jeanette as he likes to?”</i> In the photo we see George posing (center) with his comrades in full uniform and kit. He is wearing the early French dark blue greatcoat and red trousers. His uniform was perhaps suitable for warfare of the previous century, before snipers and machine guns</span>, <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">when troops stood together to repel attacks from infantry or cavalry. WWI was a different type of war, however, and the French soon learned that this bright, target of a uniform was a poor choice; the uniforms were soon replaced it with a more neutral, light-blue material.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">George’s wife, Jeannette, sent a copy of his photo to friends, asking, “<i>What do you think of my little soldier? I think the eagle </i>(Germany)<i> will be forced to fall and that this brave Kaiser will definitely be afraid of my trooper.</i>” Unfortunately, in a later postcard, Jennette laments the loss of her <i>“brave George.”</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> Interior passageway, Fort Douaumont George Delbez (center) French poilu. 1914.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In <i>Warrior Against His Will</i>, an anonymous account by a German sapper (combat engineer), the author describes the German attack at Liège, Belgium during the opening engagement of the war—an attack against concrete fortifications that were similar to Fort Douaumont:</span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The heaviest artillery was brought into action against the modern forts of concrete. Up to that time no soldier had been aware of the existence of the 42-centimeter mortars. Even when Liège had fallen into German hands we soldiers could not explain to ourselves how it was possible that those enormous fortifications, constructed partly of reinforced concrete of a thickness of one to six meters, could be turned into a heap of rubbish after only a few hours’ bombardment… Thus the forts were made level with the ground; thousands of Belgians were lying dead and buried behind and beneath the ramparts…</span></i></div>
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The exterior of Fort Douaumont today looks like natural limestone cliffs, but the appearance is deceiving—what appears to be weathered stone is actually the remains of thick concrete walls that were shelled relentlessly. The 42-centimeter artillery gun mentioned by the German sapper was popularly known as “Big Bertha,” a huge, new heavy-duty mortar that was used to great effect at Fort Douaumont and Fort Vaux during the battle of Verdun. </div>
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View from the top of Fort Douaumont.</div>
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Following the walkway to the top of the old fort, Ned and I found steel machine gun turrets scarred with 100 year-old bullet marks and the steel covers for retractable 155mm artillery pieces. From this elevation, the surrounding green terrain seemed quiet and peaceful, but it was crumpled with the remains of shell craters, trenches, and foxholes and bristleing with rusted angle iron and barbed wire entanglements. Tourists are allowed to explore freely inside the fort, and there we discovered a maze of cold, damp, tunnels and rooms that echoed with the sounds of dripping water and our own reticent footsteps. Military bed frames, a few artillery pieces, and stair railings stood as dark, rusted, witnesses to the past; the place was both claustrophobic and ghostly. It was difficult to imagine soldiers living in those rooms—the thought of fighting and dying in them was nearly inconceivable.</div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Ossuary and French Military Cemetery at Douaumont.</span><br />
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After driving a short distance from the fort, we saw the tower of the Douaumont Ossuary dominating the skyline, but the immense cemetery in front of the building seemed to overpower it with rows and rows of white crosses marking the graves of over 16,000 French WWI soldiers. The interior of the ossuary is a large, cathedral-like space with a chapel and museum, but the most striking aspect of the building is what lies beneath this peaceful interior—a shadowy, cavernous, space that houses the skeletal remains of 130,000 French and German soldiers found scattered over the Verdun sector after the hostilities had ceased. Their identities and even their nationalities are unknown. The bones lie in jumbled heaps that can be seen through small, low windows at the back of the building. It is a disturbing view that invites reflection about the scale of this war and the anonymity of death.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">The Argonne Forest</span></b><br />
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The Argonne Forrest is a rough stretch of wooded terrain northwest of Verdun. This area was central to one of the largest battles for American forces in WWI, the Meuse-Argonne Offensive that began in late September, and ended with the Armistice on November 11, 1918. The Meuse-Argonne was part of a larger Allied offensive along the whole of the Western Front against German troops that had been fortifying their positions for four years. </div>
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Just north of Verdun, we left the car and walked the road as it ran through the small village of Exermont. We found that the buildings and church that were the setting for combat action during the Meuse-Argonne offensive are still standing. The local church was used as a field hospital during battle.<br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">1919 postcard: American Troops under fire in Exermont </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Oct. 1918.U.S. Signal Corps photograph. Body of German soldier near French Renault Tank.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Text: “Street Scene in Exermont, shortly after its capture by the Americans. The evidence of battle are [sic] everywhere. Members of the tank corps seek shelter as a German shell is heard over head.”</span></div>
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Exermont today.</div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">German outpost in the Argonne Forest. </span><br />
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Only a few kilometers from Exermont, we paused again at a stone marker beside the road and peered down a steep, wooded embankment into a ravine where nine companies of the U.S. 77th Infantry Division—misnamed as the “Lost Battalion” by a journalist—were surrounded and pinned down in a pocket in the Argonne in October 1918. Under relentless attack and deadly sniper fire, they ran out of food and water and suffered heavy casualties during the six day ordeal. They were unable to reach a nearby stream for water and they came under fire from their own artillery. The battalion continued to hold out despite continuing losses. Although running low on ammunition and weak from days without food and water, they still refused a German offer of surrender and held their position against terrible odds. One-third of the 550 men were killed, another third were missing or captured, and the remaining 194 survivors were finally rescued after their last homing pigeon, Cher Ami, carried a message back to division headquarters.<br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The deep ravine where the 77th Battalion was
surrounded and pinned down in Oct. 1918.<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Later that day, near the village of Chateau de Chatel-Chéhéry, we walked the marked and maintained hiking trail through a wooded valley where Corporal Alvin York, a 29 year-old farmer, religious pacifist, and crack-shot from Tennessee took out a German machine gun nest and captured 132 German soldiers during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. York was promoted to sergeant and awarded the Medal of Honor after that action. York described the event in his diary:<br />
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<i>And then the machine guns on top swung around and opened fire on us. There were about thirty of them. They were commanding us from a hillside less than thirty yards away. They couldn't miss. And they didn't!... They killed all of Savage's squad; they got all of mine but two; they wounded Cutting and killed two of his squad; and Early's squad was well back in the brush on the extreme right and not yet under the direct fire of the machine guns, and so they escaped. All except Early. He went down with three bullets in his body. That left me in command. I was right out there in the open… those machine guns were spitting fire and cutting down the undergrowth all around me something awful… As soon as the machine guns opened fire on me, I began to exchange shots with them.</i> </blockquote>
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<i>I had no time nohow to do nothing but watch them-there German machine gunners and give them the best I had. Every time I seed a German I jes teched him off. At first I was shooting from a prone position; that is lying down; jes like we often shoot at the targets in the shooting matches in the mountains of Tennessee; and it was jes about the same distance. But the targets here were bigger. I jes couldn't miss a German's head or body at that distance. And I didn't… I covered their positions and let fly every time I seed anything to shoot at. Every time a head come up I done knocked it down. Then they would sorter stop for a moment and then another head would come up and I would knock it down, too. I was giving them the best I had.</i></blockquote>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmFaa4NOVuoFXCWQFtlJSgImX7WTJh3ruge0kx2DEPO6df4nJrhXNBGigttTHZBqOHY-Gdj-VjtwvWi_GCiAX7sfYOPuhM97uTMn8PdENkUVFcWmrARmWNpm-SSCCjYj9RVDQG8XaI1Ew/s1600/SgtYork.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmFaa4NOVuoFXCWQFtlJSgImX7WTJh3ruge0kx2DEPO6df4nJrhXNBGigttTHZBqOHY-Gdj-VjtwvWi_GCiAX7sfYOPuhM97uTMn8PdENkUVFcWmrARmWNpm-SSCCjYj9RVDQG8XaI1Ew/s320/SgtYork.jpg" width="257" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgthY_-zHRD1k5nJvFAt8I178Zyw9NK8xFs3WnnCdY6rO_kGW3PCR4n5FyWxSBWhOfBe3s-Ls7jYk2e8lB-Tip7uhu_2iEN3qiF6tiqIsfUwniqI3zM7ufuJYswRCg-Y0bMmMcf_45dJ0w/s1600/sgtYorktrail.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgthY_-zHRD1k5nJvFAt8I178Zyw9NK8xFs3WnnCdY6rO_kGW3PCR4n5FyWxSBWhOfBe3s-Ls7jYk2e8lB-Tip7uhu_2iEN3qiF6tiqIsfUwniqI3zM7ufuJYswRCg-Y0bMmMcf_45dJ0w/s320/sgtYorktrail.jpg" width="264" /></a></div>
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Sergeant Alvin C. York Entering Chatel-Chéhéry, France</div>
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One of the most decorated soldiers of WWI, Sergeant York returned to Tennessee after the war and spent the remainder of his life working to improve educational opportunities for the children of Tennessee mountain families. Later in life, York humbly described his time on the Western Front: <i>I occupied one space in a fifty-mile front. I saw so little it hardly seems worthwhile discussing it. I'm trying to forget the war in the interest of the mountain boys and girls that I grew up among.</i><br />
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I recently mentioned to one young friend that actor Gary Cooper played Alvin York in the 1941 movie, Sergeant York, and she said, Who? Sometimes forget how old I am. <br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;">“Black Death”</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Another important story of WWI is the contribution of soldiers of color, including British and French colonials and African-American soldiers from the United States. The British Empire’s Indian troops contributed 150,000 men to the conflict in Europe, and many more against the Ottoman Empire in the Mesopotamian theater and the East African theater. Nearly 1,000 Aboriginal Australians also served with British forces. One hundred and thirty-five thousand French Colonial tirailleurs (“skirmishers” or “sharpshooters”), from Senegal, Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco fought in Europe, including battles at Ypres, and Fort Douaumont. Commonly called “Turcos” or Senegalese, these colonial troops were fierce and respected fighters. The colonial troops sustained considerable combat losses and the European winters were particularly hard on them.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">During WWI, prejudice and segregation relegated most African-American soldiers to labor and service units, however, two all-black combat divisions were sent to France, the 92nd and the 93rd Divisions. The 93rd was assigned to the French army by General John (Black Jack) Pershing, who considered the black troops to be inferior and undependable and because many white American soldiers refused to serve alongside them. African-American troops suffered severe racial discrimination and poor training, but eventually over 200,000 of them shipped out for France. The French were more accepting in regard to racial issues and they welcomed the black troops.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Private William Henry Johnson, frequently misidentified as Henry <i>Lincoln</i> Johnson, was a former railroad porter from New York who served in France with the 369th Infantry Regiment of the 93rd Division, known as the “Harlem Hellfighters.” The 369th saw action in the trenches with the French 16th Division at the Second Battle of the Marne. In May 1918, Private Johnson and Private Needham Roberts were assigned guard duty at a bridge on the Aisne River at the edge of the Argonne Forest. They were serving under French command, wearing French helmets and using French weapons, but wearing American uniforms. A party of at least 12 and possibly as many as 24 German soldiers attacked their position during the night. Roberts was badly wounded by a grenade, but he fed grenades to Johnson and after they ran out of grenades Johnson repelled the attack with rifle-fire; after running out of ammunition he</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> was</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> forced to resort using his rifle butt and finally his bolo knife</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">—</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">slashing wildly at the swarm of attackers. The Germans finally withdrew with the approach of American troops. Johnson was wounded twenty-one times, but he had killed four Germans and wounded many others. The act of heroism earned Johnson the nickname “Black Death,” and the two men were awarded the Croix de Guerre, France's highest military award. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Johnson and Roberts returned home with the 369th as heroes, and they rode in an elaborate victory parade in New York City; President Theodore Roosevelt called Johnson one of the “five bravest Americans to serve” in WWI. In spite of this brief acclaim, Johnson and Roberts were not awarded medals by the U.S., and like other African-American troops, they returned home to overt racial discrimination and hardship. His injuries made it difficult for Johnson to hold a job and his family life deteriorated. He died in 1929 at age 32. William Henry Johnson is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Just a few weeks after our trip to France, Ned and I learned that President Obama awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously to Henry Johnson on June 2, 2015, in a ceremony at the White House. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9RQBSJbhFT7iSFo_C2ZknvY1X1ItzoQPiBBrsKxNjqsr22mwoqQphCX8mjfPix-eJbiDCkMi85KgRQ4dgJ5CYjTeFS3tnymHccdbgy5KqsCP1DWTsE9NreVxiY3CqyKleHahUtliD7mg/s1600/H.JohnsonWWI.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9RQBSJbhFT7iSFo_C2ZknvY1X1ItzoQPiBBrsKxNjqsr22mwoqQphCX8mjfPix-eJbiDCkMi85KgRQ4dgJ5CYjTeFS3tnymHccdbgy5KqsCP1DWTsE9NreVxiY3CqyKleHahUtliD7mg/s400/H.JohnsonWWI.jpg" width="237" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_Gsj7_CtnA2upFixqiK2GtSY5nsUuI1VOz4buB7l7t30NUdk8Kpz8qVcsiOrtTS9PC-EkoYhQrvpmI1a9zjbdvKfh5uHTX21ijzJLfjD8A4c2uOlXGxnxsMX_jDx8oaT8plVHm_k4-uI/s1600/sengalese.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_Gsj7_CtnA2upFixqiK2GtSY5nsUuI1VOz4buB7l7t30NUdk8Kpz8qVcsiOrtTS9PC-EkoYhQrvpmI1a9zjbdvKfh5uHTX21ijzJLfjD8A4c2uOlXGxnxsMX_jDx8oaT8plVHm_k4-uI/s400/sengalese.jpg" width="257" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> (L) Henry Johnson wearing the French Croix de Guerre<span style="text-align: left;"> on a troopship bound for home. 1919.</span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">(R) French WWI postcard, "Tirailleur Sénégalis."</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>Quentin Roosevelt</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">One site that I particularly wanted to visit was a low ridge above a quiet farm field where Teddy Roosevelt’s youngest son, Quentin, met his death. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">By all accounts Quentin Roosevelt was an intelligent, adventurous man and an excellent pilot who was well liked by the men of the in 1st Pursuit Group of the 95th Aero Squadron. He</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> was killed while flying his Nieuport biplane in an aerial dogfight against </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">German pilots on July 14, 1918, during the Second Battle of the Marne. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In order to find Roosevelt’s crash site, we followed some vague directions from the Internet that described it as being near the village of Chamery, France. We began our search near the village by driving gravel lanes in the nearby vineyards. The orderly rows of grape vines, each vine a single pruned stem trained in a gentle double curve, were just barely sprouting new leaves. We stopped several times to ask directions from farmers, but they spoke no English and our attempts to convey <i>Roosevelt</i>, <i>la Grande Guerre</i>, or <i>avion</i> seemed to elicit only friendly shrugs and so, it was back to Google Maps. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">It turned out that an even smaller village with same name, Chamery, was 48 kilometers away! As we drove into the village, we spotted the large memorial fountain built by the Roosevelt family, and we soon found the unpaved farm road and the trail leading to the monument that marks the place were Roosevelt fell. The Germans buried Roosevelt with honors at the crash site, but in 1955, his remains were exhumed and moved to a WWII American cemetery on the French coast and reburied beside his brother, General Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., who died during WWII.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Quentin Roosevelt. Photo taken by German soldiers, July 14, 1918.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Note Kicking Mule emblem of 95th Aero Squadron just behind cockpit.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">“Here Fell Quentin Roosevelt, 95th Squadron, 1st Pursuit Group,” Chamery, France</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is tempting to think that, by standing on low ridge were Roosevelt fell and looking up at the clouds and blue sky, one might be able to envision the sight of a WWI aerial dogfight and the resulting tragedy, but we are too far removed from the event in time and experience. While it may satisfy us in some melancholy way to morn the loss of a man like Roosevelt, or the infinitely less glamorous death of a soldier alone and forgotten in the mud of Passchendaele, our thoughts are our own and of little consequence in any real sense. At best, remembering and sharing the stories might help us to teach future generations––about duty and honor, of course––but also about the senselessness of war. </span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">You smug-faced crowds with kindling eye</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Who cheer when soldier lads march by,</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sneak home and pray you’ll never know</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The hell where youth and laughter go.</span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> — Siegfried Sassoon, 1918</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>The Women of the Western Front</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">With war raging on the Western Front, thousands of women worked in hospitals and for relief organizations In France, Belgium and Germany; local women were also doing what they could to continue the work of their farms and businesses and keep their families safe while their men were away at war. In combat areas, many families had been forced to flee their homes and live as refugees. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Relief organizations, like the Red Cross, YMCA and Salvation Army, sent volunteers from around the world to work behind the lines; many volunteers, both men and women, risked their lives working at the front as nurses, aid workers, and ambulance drivers. The U.S. Army recruited and trained 233 female, bilingual, telephone operators to work switchboards near combat areas. At home, all the major combatant countries saw significant changes in traditional gender roles as women went to work at factories, farms, and home front service organizations, as well as managing and maintaining family households.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Postcard, Y.M.C.A and Y.W.C.A. women on board transport ship for France. c. 1917</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Determined women of France work their farm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Photograph and U.S. Food Administration poster. Musée de la Grande Guerre, Meaux.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>Rest in Peace?</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">As we continued our series of short drives between villages and WWI sites, we were reminded how close these historic sites are to one another. At almost every turn or hilltop rise we were also struck by the difference between today’s beautiful, rolling hills and villages and the muddy expanses, shell holes, and trenches of the macabre landscape that was the Western Front during the war. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">During the war, the fields and forests along the Western Front were churned to complete ruin, and most trees in the battle areas were reduced to nothing but splintered sticks. We were traveling through some of the most peaceful and attractive countryside in the world, enjoying the food, and the sunshine, and talking with friendly people in postcard-like villages while tragedy literally lay under our feet and just out of sight in the curve of time.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Western Front near Ypres, 1917. Photograph by Australian photographer Frank Hurley. <span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In <i>Warrior Against His Will</i>, the anonymous German sapper describes the pursuit of retreating French soldiers after a battle: </span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The roads we used were again literally covered with corpses; knapsacks, rifles, dead horses and men were lying there in a wild jumble. The dead had been partly crushed and pounded to a pulp by the horses and vehicles, an indescribably terrible spectacle for even the most hardened mass-murderer.</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-style: normal;">One of the WWI postcards that I have collected offers a view of destruction and chaos that was typical of many scenes on the Western Front. The photograph shows two German soldiers standing in a devastated landscape amid destroyed artillery caissons, dead horses, and other wreckage of war. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-style: normal;">An Allied soldier must have come into possession of the card, as it</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> has a handwritten note in English on its back: <i>A common site, (sic) horses and caissons, for miles the ground is torn up thus.</i></span></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">French real photo postcard, c. 1916.</span></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">French troops duck for cover in this action photo by Canadian photographer, E. De Souza.<span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Postcard photograph by Ernest Brooks for the U.K. <i>Daily Mail</i>.<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Postcards such as these were not only a means of correspondence during the war, but they also recorded the events as evidence and keepsakes for the soldiers and preserved the scene for us today. Cards similar to the "Daily Mail" postcard of the British wiring party were quickly published in London, and they became part of the "news of the day."</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Not only did the soldiers face the threat of death from the enemy, but the conditions of the frontline were appalling in the extreme. Bitter, wet, and cold winters, mud, lice, unsanitary conditions, mental and physical exhaustion, and disease were commonplace; Approximately one-third of the military deaths during the war were from disease, including pneumonia and the flu pandemic of 1918.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">As we continued our drive through the French countryside, neatly kept military cemeteries, memorials, and monuments seemed to appear around nearly every bend in the road. Some cemeteries memorialized French and Belgian soldiers and civilians from local villages who fell during the war, and others marked the resting place of soldiers from other countries who died far from home. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">(L) Monument at Reuilly-Sauvigny to five French soldiers <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">from the village who died during WWI.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">(R) German Cemetery at Aprémont, Argonne Forest.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Resting place of 1,111 soldiers from 13 infantry and Landwehr regiments.<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the chaos of war thousands of soldiers were buried in temporary graves on battlefields or near hospitals, but others were left unburied in No-Man’s land. Casualty records keeping ranged from poor to impossible; countless bodies remained unidentified and thousands of soldiers were never found. In many cases shelling destroyed graves, and some bodies simply disappeared into the mud. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In his powerful account <i>Under Fire</i>, Henri Barbusse describes his experience as a common French soldier and stretcher-bearer in 1915 and 1916, living among the dead in the trenches:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the wall behind me is a hollow recess with things heaped up in it, horizontally like logs. Are they tree trunks? No: they are corpses…Then I turn and look at the dead who are being gradually exhumed from the night, showing their stiffened, spattered forms. There are four of them. They are our companions, Lamuse, Barque, Biquet, and little Eudore. They are decomposing there, right beside us, half obstructing the wide, twisting, muddy furrow that the living still care to defend.</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Photograph of field grave of French Fusilier Marin Pierre Marcoux, Oct. 28, 1917.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In Flanders Field Museum, Ypres.<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Postcard, temporary American Cemetery, Belleau Wood. c. 1918.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">After the war, both the Allies and the Central Powers employed grave-registration services to begin the difficult task of identifying as many of the dead as possible as they exhumed and reburied bodies, and many smaller cemeteries were incorporated into larger ones. In 1919, after much debate, the U.S. War Department began shipping home the bodies of some American war dead at the request of their families, however, the majority of the Allies’ war dead remain buried on or near the field of battle. Many of the cemeteries are small and isolated, but others are overwhelming in size, including the Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery, which contains the remains of over 14,000 American soldiers, the French Military Cemetery at Douaumont with 16,142 graves, and Tyne Cot Cemetery, where 11,956 British Commonwealth solders are interred.</span></div>
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Continuing northwest, we were approximating the route that the Germans and Allies traversed in 1914, while trying to outflank each other during their “Race to the Sea.” We soon crossed the open border between France and Belgium and entered the ancient city of Ypres. During the Middle Ages, Ypres was the hub of the very prosperous Belgian textile industry with trading partners in other parts of Europe and England. Cloth Hall, built in the 13th century, was a huge, ornate, Gothic structure that housed warehouses and market halls for the cloth merchants and their customers.<br />
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WWI raged on three sides of Ypres for four years. When the Germans were unable to take the town, they proceeded to shell it to oblivion, including Cloth Hall and St. Martin’s, a towering Gothic cathedral that was completed in 1370. Not a single building in the city was left intact.<br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">French Postcard, Cloth Hall and St. Martin’s Church, Ypres, 1912. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">French Postcard, St. Martin’s Church and Cloth Hall, Ypres, 1919. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Belgians rebuilt Ypres after the war with German repatriation money<u>;</u> today the city is a picturesque community of 20 thousand inhabitants, many of whom speak three languages or more. The cobblestone streets and the brick and stone buildings seem to be from another century, but they were all constructed in the 1920s, using the same street layout and architectural styles as the originals. The large and elaborate Cloth Hall and St. Martin’s Church took decades to rebuild; an unknowing visitor would assume that these buildings dated to the Middle Ages. Cloth Hall now houses the In Flanders Fields Museum, which presents the story of the First World War in the West Flanders front region. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Cloth Hall in background. A pile of wooden crosses on the right, waiting to be used. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Photograph by Antony d’Ypres, 1919. In Flanders Fields Museum, Ypres. <span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mary Borden, a battlefield nurse and the author of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Forbidden Zone,</i> describes what it was like to be near Ypres in 1914: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>On our right? That's the road to Ypres. The less said about that road the better: no one goes down it for choice—it's British now. Ahead of us, then? No, you can't get out that way. No, there's no frontier, just a bleeding edge, trenches. That's where the enemy took his last bite, fastened his iron teeth, and stuffed to bursting, stopped devouring Belgium, left this strip, these useless fields, these crumpled dwellings.</i><span style="font-size: 14px;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Borden was a wealthy American living in England when the war broke out, but she served three years as a nurse on the Western Front and was awarded a <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Croix de Guerre</i> for funding and organizing a mobile hospital unit that nursed men who had been wounded at Ypres and the Somme. </span></div>
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A battlefield salient is a projection of a front line into enemy territory, so that the position is surrounded on three sides. The Ypres Salient encircled the city closely on its north, east, and south sides with dug-in British, French, Canadian, and Belgian troops facing the Germany army. Four large battles were fought in the area of Ypres between 1914 and 1918, and numerous battlefields, cemeteries, and memorials surround the city.<br />
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Adjusting to our inadequate three days in Ypres, Ned and I elected to take a half-day tour of the South Salient that included Bayernwald, Hill 60, the Anzac Memorial at Messines and the Kemmel American Monument. The Kemmel monument honors the American soldiers of the 27th and 30th divisions who were attached to the British during the Ypres-Lys Offensive in August and September 1918. Shortly after that stop, we were able to walk through the reconstructed German trenches at Bayernwald that were part of the German defenses of Messines Ridge. Private Adolph Hitler served as a headquarters messenger in this area during WWI, where he was promoted to corporal and decorated for heroism. He would later be propelled down the dark path to WWII by a combination of factors, including the failure of Germany to win the war, the harsh armistice agreement imposed on Germany by the Allies, and his own personal demons.</div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Reconstructed Bayernwald trenches and bunker. WWI photograph of Adolph Hitler.<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The area of the South Salient endured many battles during WWI, and the battle lines surged forward and back over time. Private Charles Snelling of the Irish Leinster Regiment lost his life near Bayernwald in February 1917, when a small German force crossed snow-covered ground in freezing weather to raid his position in the British trenches. The bullet that killed him pierced his wallet and the photographs of his wife Alice and their daughter Nellie. Private Snelling is buried at nearby Pond Farm Cemetery.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Charles Snelling’s bullet pierced his wallet and photos. In Flanders Fields Museum, Ypres.<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Just south of Ypres, the huge explosive crater at Hill 60 bears witness to a different type of combat—underground mine warfare. While trenches, saps, and dugouts offered some protection, as well as observation and listening posts, another type of underground work was employed in many places along the Western Front</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">—</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">miners working 30 meters below the surface digging long tunnels under No Man’s Land in order to place and detonate explosives under enemy positions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Ned walking the Hill 60 Crater.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Hill 60 was so named because it was 60 meters above sea level and, in the relatively flat terrain around Ypres, any slight elevation provided a distinct military advantage. The hill had been taken by the Germans in 1914, retaken by the British in April of 1915 and recovered by the Germans in May.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It remained in German hands until the Battle of Messines in 1917, when the Allies detonated of a series of mines beneath German lines along Messines Ridge. The explosion under Hill 60 was the culmination of almost two years of extremely dangerous tunneling and explosives preparation by British, Canadian<span class="msoIns"><ins cite="mailto:Crystal%20Darby" datetime="2015-06-21T19:04">,</ins></span> and Australian tunneling companies. The tunnel was 354 meters long and extended under the German bunkers and gun emplacements on the hill. When the mines along the Messines Ridge were fired, the explosions were some of the largest in history and they were heard as far away as London.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The line of explosions and the following artillery barrage killed over 10,000 Germans and broke open the long-held German line to Allied advance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Australian Tunneling Co. at Hill 60, a few hundred yards from German lines.<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">(L) German rifle casing found near Hill 60.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">(R) German Bunker, Hill 60. The soldier’s photo, left by a previous visitor, is marked,</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">“Robert Piers, Tenth Liverpool Scottish, Wounded 10 April, Died 23 August, 1915.”<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">A Short Break and a Bit of Today’s Ypres</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Battlefields, memorials and cemeteries exist in nearly every direction around Ypres, but Ned and I took time out from our history lessons for a couple of wonderful restaurant meals, some delicious Belgian chocolate, and a few pale Belgian beers. Our hotel lobby even had beer in a vending machine!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The city of Ypres is a beautiful European city and a tribute to Belgian perseverance and determination. The Cloth Hall and St. Martin’s would certainly fool most observers into estimating their construction to have been centuries in the past, and the old Flemish style buildings around the town square are filled with modern restaurants and shops.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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And then, there is the story of the Cat Festival—yes, the<i> Cat Festival</i>. It seems that, in the 13th century, cats were thrown from the Cloth Hall tower<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">—</span>possibly as a ritual to rid the town of evil spirits, but the orgin of this event is lost to time. Today, that somewhat disturbing rite is remembered with a Cat Festival and a parade during which a court jester throws stuffed cats from the tower to the cheering crowd below! Unfortunately we missed that event by a couple of weeks.</div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Cat Festival, Ypres. Flemish stew, lasagna, and Belgian beer.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">During our second day of touring from Ypres, Ned and I joined several other tourists in a small van and toured battle sites and cemeteries in the North Salient, including Essex Farm, Tyne Cot Cemetery, the German cemetery at Langemark, the St. Julien Memorial to the Canadian fallen, the trenches and museum at Hill 62, and the infamous “Hellfire Corner.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #262626; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">In May 1915 Lieutenant-Colonel</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"> John McCrae, a Canadian doctor and artillery brigade commander, was treating the wounded in a makeshift front-line dressing station which was dug into a canal bank at Essex Farm near Ypres. After the death of a friend, and inspired by the red poppies growing among the fresh graves, McCrae wrote his famous poem, “In Flanders Fields.” On Remembrance Day in the British Empire and on Memorial Day in the United States the red poppy is still worn to commemorate soldiers who have died in in military conflict. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Essex Farm Cemetery.<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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As in other war cemeteries, many of the gravestones at the Essex cemetery bare no names and are simply marked, “A soldier of the Great War, Known Unto God.” Other stones stood side by side, almost touching, marking the graves of comrades who died together, but whose individual remains were impossible to distinguish.<br />
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We paused at one liberally decorated gravesite to listen to our tour guide tell the story of Rifleman Valentine Joe Strudwick, a British boy-soldier who lied about his age and joined the British 8th Battalion Rifle Brigade at age 14. Soon after arriving in France, Strudwick was gassed during a battle and sent home to England for three months of recuperation. His family was so poor that his mother was unable to travel to the military hospital where he was treated; after three months Strudwick rejoined his regiment in France. He was killed in action January 14, 1916, a month before his 16th birthday. </div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Grave of Rifleman Valentine Joe Strudwick, Essex Farm, Belgium. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The text of a January 22, 1916 article from Strudwick’s hometown newspaper, the Dorking Advertiser:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Another Dorking lad has achieved honour by laying down his life for his country.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Pte. Valentine Joe Strudwick, of the 8th Rifle Brigade, joined up twelve months ago last January, and at the time of his death, on Jan. 14th, he had not reached his sixteenth birthday, he having been born on St. Valentine’s Day, 1900.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">His mother would naturally have liked to have kept him out of the Army for at least a year or two, but young Strudwick would not have it – a fine example to those of maturer years who have not yet joined, and perhaps a reproach!<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">With only six weeks’ training the lad was sent over to France. Within a short time he lost two of his chums who were standing near him – both instantaneously killed. The shock was such, with the addition of being badly gassed, that he was sent home and was for three months in hospital at Sheerness. On recovering he rejoined his regiment in France, and this week his mother received the following letter from his commanding officer, dated Jan. 15th:<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">‘I am very sorry indeed to have to inform you that your son was killed by a shell on Jan. 14th. His death was quite instantaneous and painless and his body was carried by his comrades to a little cemetery behind the lines, where it was reverently buried this morning. A cross is being made and will shortly be erected on his grave. Rifleman Strudwick had earned the goodwill and respect of his comrades and of his officers, and we are very sorry indeed to lose so good a soldier. On their behalf as well as my own I offer you our sincere sympathy.’<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The deceased was Mrs Strudwick’s second surviving son, and her grief is the greater because of the fact that she had not been able to see him since he joined the Army. She has another son in the Royal Field Artillery.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Young Strudwick was an old St. Paul’s boy.”<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The last line of the article reminded me of a bit of dialogue from the WWII classic novel by Joseph Heller, <i>Catch 22</i>:</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Yossarian:<i> He was very old.</i></span><br />
<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Luciana:<i> But he was a boy.</i></span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Yossarian<i>: Well, he died. You don't get any older than that.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1917, during the Third Battle of Ypres, also known as the Battle of Passchendaele, the British Commonwealth lost nearly 300,000 men in one of the bloodiest battles of the war. Shortly after the armistice thousands of bodies from Passchendaele and other areas around Ypres were brought to Tyne Cot Cemetery from battlefields and temporary gravesites. Today the cemetery is the largest Commonwealth war cemetery in the world; there are 11,956 British soldiers buried at Tyne Cot, and 8,367 of those are unidentified. The cemetery’s memorial wall commemorates the names of 34,887 United Kingdom and New Zealand soldiers whose remains were never found. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">The name Tyne Cot or “Tyne Cottage” possibly refers to a barn that was the center of a group of German bunkers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 3rd Australian Division captured the area during the advance to Passchendaele in October 1917. The largest of those German bunkers still stands, and it was incorporated into the base for a large Cross of Sacrifice in the Tyne Cot Cemetery.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Captured German Bunker at Tyne Cot Oct. 12, 1917. Photo by Australian Forces.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="margin: 0px;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm3UiMF06m7JHDgpLueIXbUUz_rBNUsGTLtUIFIjwtbN0biED0uY0bAoZ0q2AwGV621YBz0q_bM5NwNkL3-ka5_WyLHP2k7cWP9DHkU5VFfsbdMLJauRPya7gycI5CnQGg-G68tXaKv9c/s1600/blockhouseTyneCot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm3UiMF06m7JHDgpLueIXbUUz_rBNUsGTLtUIFIjwtbN0biED0uY0bAoZ0q2AwGV621YBz0q_bM5NwNkL3-ka5_WyLHP2k7cWP9DHkU5VFfsbdMLJauRPya7gycI5CnQGg-G68tXaKv9c/s320/blockhouseTyneCot.jpg" width="269" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieOAyEV6ash_aIzaF4F-X38V4mRNMUwZ3Pwb9d6OZg6DxUew3yAUN_OtkYKTKSLqfdRizpiL-AKVlGSsfgn-eaVQ7NNr-K9SJboIRrJjJuxnbJwPSt10VEopyxe3-8NpJ0-WFDg-FIaAs/s1600/LangemarkN.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieOAyEV6ash_aIzaF4F-X38V4mRNMUwZ3Pwb9d6OZg6DxUew3yAUN_OtkYKTKSLqfdRizpiL-AKVlGSsfgn-eaVQ7NNr-K9SJboIRrJjJuxnbJwPSt10VEopyxe3-8NpJ0-WFDg-FIaAs/s320/LangemarkN.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">(L) German bunker remains surrounded by the base for a Cross of Sacrifice, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tyne Cot Cemetery, Ypres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">(R) Langemark German Cemetery, Ypres.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stories of pain, hardship, sacrifice, heroism, and death were universal during the war, and personal tragedy did not discern the larger political or military picture. Suffering and death fell on soldiers and civilians alike without respect for position, rank or social boundaries; the lot of the individual soldier was grim regardless of the army to which he belonged. The Langemark German War Cemetery in the Ypres Northern Salient contains the graves of 3,000 young German student volunteers who died in the Battle of Langemark in 1914. A total of more than 44,000 soldiers are buried there, including almost 25,000 unidentified comrades who are buried in a large mass grave. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Remembering</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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After the cessation of WWI hostilities, many French and
Belgian farmers returned to their homes and began to repair the war damage by
removing debris and filling in shell craters and trenches. A number of
landowners preserved trench systems, realizing that the public would want to see
the battlefield, and a few small museums opened, but
almost none of them survived the Second World War. The Sanctuary Wood museum
near Hill 62, however, still belongs to the family of one of those farmers. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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The preserved sections of British trenches at the museum
date to the Battle of Mount Sorrel in June 1916.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The ridge line in this area, including Hill 62,
was about 30 meters above the surrounding terrain and it offered a good
observation point over the approach routes to Ypres. The Germans
were able to capture the heights at Mount Sorrel and Hill 62, but the
British and Canadians recaptured the high ground after a number of
attacks and counterattacks. The existing trenches are only a small portion of a defensive complex built by the British in 1916; over the years, work has been done to
support the trench walls and to allow for public access. Shell holes have been dug
to keep them open, and the site has seen significant foot-traffic wear over the past 100 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In spite of the
changes, the area does give a feel for what it must have looked like during the
war, and the museum has an interesting collection of artifacts, including
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Preserved British and Canadian trenches, Hill 62/Sanctuary Wood Museum, near Ypres.</span></div>
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Sanctuary Wood trenches shortly after the war. Photo by M. Delannoy.</div>
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On the day we left Ypres, Ned and I stopped at a busy roundabout on the eastern edge of town. You would never know to look at it now, but this modern intersection was once known to Allied troops as “Hellfire Corner.” The intersection was on Menin Road, and during the war it was under constant observation and fire by German artillery. The soldiers knew it as the most dangerous corner on earth; it was described as, “a sticky spot that was always taken at a trot.”</div>
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Hellfire Corner, Ypres, September 1917. Sign on right reads, “To Left Brigade Section.”</div>
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Official Australian photograph.</div>
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The only remaining evidence of the war at Hellfire Corner today is one of 12 surviving demarcation stones that mark the point of the Germans’ nearest advance to Ypres. The 1917 photograph above looks east, with the riders approaching the corner on the Menin Road. In our 2015 photo below Demarcation Stone No. 15, stands just to the right of Menin road looking west toward the Menin Gate Memorial to The Missing. </div>
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Demarcation Stone on Menin Road looking back toward Menin Gate Memorial.</div>
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Menin Gate, Ypres</div>
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<span style="font-family: "times"; font-style: normal;">There is a Last Post Ceremony every evening at the Menin Gate Memorial for the 54,389 Commonwealth soldiers who died in the Salient but whose bodies were never found; their names are engraved on stone tablets inside the gate. An inscription inside the archway reads, "</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #252525; line-height: 22px;"><i style="font-style: normal;">Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam</i></span></span> – Here are recorded names of officers and men who fell in Ypres Salient, but to whom the fortune of war denied the known and honoured burial given to their comrades in death". <span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 12pt;">Today the city of Ypres is known as “the city of
peace” and the city government, like that of the city of Hiroshima, Japan,
works to advocate that cities should never be targets of war again.</span><span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 12pt;">The city itself stands as a memorial to the
soldiers that died there.</span><span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">South to Paris</span></b></div>
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We could have stayed in Ypres for weeks and still not visited all the nearby WWI sites, but we reluctantly left the city and headed south across the French border and toward Paris. Books from the In Flanders Fields Museum and some Belgian chocolates for our family at home were carefully stowed in our bags. </div>
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I brought a number of WWI era postcards along on the trip, and, on several occasions, we were able to match the postcard images of war damage with the same locations today. Just north of Paris and near Meaux, where our journey began, we stopped at the city of Senlis, a site of Germans incursion in 1914, as they moved south toward their objective of Paris. Armed resistance by the local inhabitants incensed the Germans, and they executed a number of civilians and burned the town. </div>
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A 1919 postcard view of Senlis shows artillery and fire damage to the rue de la République, and our 2015 photograph presents the same corner today. Repair and reconstruction of buildings was a major undertaking after the war; while some homes and buildings were completely destroyed, others had basic solid stone or brick substructures that could be salvaged and rebuilt. One finds similar examples of rebuilt towns and villages across much of France and Belgium.</div>
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Postcard view of Senlis, France, 1919.</div>
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Rue de la République, Senlis, France 2015</div>
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Another example of determination and recovery is a comparison of the postcard image that shows the villagers of Consenvoye, France returning home after the war and a photograph of the same village today. Consenvoye is just north of Verdun on the eastern edge of the Argonne Forrest, and it saw years of bitter fighting during the war. <span style="text-align: center;">Life goes on.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">French Civilians Returning Home, Consenvoye, France,
1919.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Consenvoye, France today.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Champagne</span></b></div>
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Driving back toward Paris, we found ourselves again in the Champagne region of France where our trip began. It was here, four years after the First Battle of the Marne, that fresh American troops bolstered the exhausted French and British armies and halted the German’s Spring Offensive and their advance toward Paris in the Second Battle of the Marne. The battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry were part of that Allied response. </div>
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Didier Blanchard is the owner of a restaurant in the heart of the Champagne region and an amateur historian with a collection of WWI artifacts; we decided that a visit to his restaurant was a must before we left France. On Sunday afternoon we found La Madelon Restaurant in the center of Mancy, one of the many small villages in this region that look strikingly like the photographs in travel brochures. The restaurant is named for a French patriotic song that was popular during WWI and tells the story of French soldiers flirting with a waitress at a tavern. </div>
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Monsieur Blanchard was working in his garden behind the restaurant when we arrived and, despite the fact that neither he nor the waitress spoke English and our French had gotten no better in the last week, we were able to communicate our interest in his military collection and ordered a meal. I had lamb shank cooked in an amazing, rich, sauce, and Ned bravely ordered the steak tartare.</div>
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Mancy, France.</div>
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Luckily for us, Mr. Blanchard’s daughter, Jessica, is the local high school English teacher, and after she joined us, we were able to carry on a long conversation about WWI and also about the local vineyards. The Blanchards have their own small vineyard that produces enough grapes for 250 bottles of <i>Cuvée des Poilus</i> champagne each year. Unfortunately for us, last year’s production was long gone, but Didier escorted us to his friend’s winery, <i>Champagne Pernet-Lebrun</i>. The owner of the winery graciously gave us a complete tour of the facilities and a taste of some excellent champagne. Naturally, a few bottles of <i>Cuvée d’ Argent-Sol Brut</i> joined the Belgian chocolates in our luggage!</div>
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La Madelon restaurant, Mancy</div>
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We discovered that Didier is a WWI re-enactor and that he and a group of friends participate in parades and other events wearing full WWI French uniforms and driving a fully restored, French WWI truck. We were given a personal tour of Didier’s collection of WWI artifacts and uniforms, and on the restaurant’s second floor I noticed a familiar item, the French Chauchat light machine rifle that caught my attention on the first day of our trip at the Musée de la Grande Guerre.<br />
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Even with our language difficulty, it was clear that Didier and I agreed that the Chauchat was not well thought of by the French poilu or the soldiers of the American Expeditionary Forces who were issued the weapon in 1917 and 1918. Many of the rifle’s working parts were of poor quality and the gun was susceptible to overheating as well as jamming due to mud and dust.<br />
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I happened to have with me a copy of a photograph of an elderly French couple greeting two American doughboys when their small town was liberated after four years of German occupation. In the photo one of the Americans has a Chauchat slung over his shoulder. I gave the photo to Didier, and the link to our first day in France seemed like a nice “bookend” to our trip. </div>
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M. & Mme. Baloux of Brieulles-Sur-Bar greet American soldiers</div>
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of the 308th and 166th Infantries, after 4 years of German occupation.</div>
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The soldier on the left is carrying a Chauchat Light Machine Rifle. Photo by Lt. Adrian C. Duff.</div>
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Didier and Ned, Mancy France.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">A Toast</span></b></div>
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Our brief journey along the Western Front concluded with a toast to the French poilu, the American soldiers and Marines, and the other soldiers and civilians who suffered and died during the war. Didier presented Ned and I with two French infantry uniform buttons that are occasionally found in the local vineyards. The buttons reminded us again that, while life goes on, the past never far away—and both the past and the present here are firmly bound to the earth. </div>
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Didier Blanchard’s Champagne label, “Cuvée des Poilus.”</div>
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“In Flanders Fields,” — Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae, 1915.</div>
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Digital collage, KGW.</div>
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<i>Epilogue</i></div>
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<i style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;">Before we caught our flight home, Ned and I had time for a short tour of Auvers-Sur-Oise where we visited the grave of Vincent Van Gogh and saw the fields where he painted. We topped the trip off with a drive into Paris for a meal and a stroll along the Seine, before heading for the airport</i><i style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"> </i><span style="text-align: left;"> </span></div>
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Auvers-Sur Oise</div>
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Paris </div>
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Ken and Cher Ami at the Monument to the “Lost” 77th Battalion</div>
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Useful Links</div>
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Ypres: Lest We Forget, Battlefield Tours, <a href="http://lestweforget.vpweb.be/default.html">lestweforget.vpweb.be/default.html</a></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Ypres: Flanders Battlefield Tour, <a href="https://www.ypres-fbt.com/">www.ypres-fbt.com</a></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Ypres: Hotel Ambrosia, <a href="http://www.ambrosiahotel.be/">www.ambrosiahotel.be</a></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Mancy, France: La Madelon Restaurant, <a href="http://www.bistrot-madelon.com/">www.bistrot-madelon.com</a></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Mancy, France: Champagne Pernet-Lebrun, <a href="http://www.champagne-pernetlebrun.com/">www.champagne-pernetlebrun.com</a></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Meaux, France: Musée de la Grande Guerre, <a href="http://www.museedelagrandeguerre.eu/en">http://www.museedelagrandeguerre.eu/en</a><br />
Reuilly-Sauvigny, France: Champagne B&B <a href="http://www.marneweb.com/">www.marneweb.com</a></div>
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A guide to the Battlefields and History of the first World War, <a href="http://www.greatwar.co.uk/">www.greatwar.co.uk</a><br />
Picture Postcards from the Great War, <a href="http://www.worldwar1postcards.com/">www.worldwar1postcards.com</a></div>
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<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal;">
Recommended Reading</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Anonymous. <i>Warrior Against His Will</i>. Trans. J. Koettgen. New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1917. Liskeard: Diggory Press, 2006.</div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Barbusse, Henri. <i>Under Fire</i>. 1916. Trans. Robin Buss. New York: Penguin Group, 2004. </div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Blunden, Edmund. <i>Undertones of War</i>. 1928. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2007. <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Borden, <i>The Forbidden Zone: A Nurse’s Impressions of the First World War</i>. 1929. London: Hesperus Press, 2008. </div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br />
Daniels, Josephus. <i>The Achievements of the Marine Corps</i>, Perry, Lawrence, <i>Our Navy in the War</i>. New York: Charles Schribner's Sons, 1922.</div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br />
Dunn, Captain J. C. <i>The War the Infantry Knew</i>. 1938. London: Abacus, Little, Brown Book Group. 1994.</div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Freidel, Frank. <i>Over There: The Story of America’s First Great Overseas Crusade</i>. Philadelphia, Temple University Press, 1990.</div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Fussell, Paul. <i>The Great War and Modern Memory</i>. 1975. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.</div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Macdonald, Lyn. <i>They Called it Passchendaele</i>. 1978. London: Penguin Books, 1993.</div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Remarque, Eric Maria. <i>All Quiet on the Western Front</i>. 1929. Trans. A. W. Wheen. New York: Random House, 2010. </div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
Wharton, Edith. <i>Fighting France</i>. Stroud, UK: Amberley Publishing, 2014.</div>
<div style="font-family: times; font-style: normal; text-align: left;">
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-63866194659347625742015-06-15T16:55:00.002-07:002022-09-08T19:33:05.154-07:00The Postman's Snuffbox<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSfllqZFU4CN0sPMusDnbh4-dMFN-pZ5zra1uL688CCNAFrG8-92SCQUPObXD1liFzmTRo5o-fR0jyQcQ9a6qCLJqhFRpOvtBBRQqTR2IcXqfzaZjWF82d3U-SlIo6GjjVhPz_YF8Pnro/s1600/londongrey.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSfllqZFU4CN0sPMusDnbh4-dMFN-pZ5zra1uL688CCNAFrG8-92SCQUPObXD1liFzmTRo5o-fR0jyQcQ9a6qCLJqhFRpOvtBBRQqTR2IcXqfzaZjWF82d3U-SlIo6GjjVhPz_YF8Pnro/s320/londongrey.jpg" width="320" /></a> </div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>A British postman’s 100 year-old snuffbox found in London </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>and
returned to his family in Dursley, Gloucestershire</i></span><span face="'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">We all love a good treasure-hunting story; accounts of
buried pirate booty, lost gold mines, or Roman coins found in a farmer’s meadow
seem to capture the attention of nearly everyone. Most of us are not fortunate
enough to discover a buccaneer’s hoard behind a chimney stone, but it seems
that we all in our way do a bit of treasure hunting––keeping an eye out for a
Picasso at a jumble sale, searching for bargains at Debenhams, or just looking
for forgotten change in vending machines.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">My wife and I are both collectors and treasure-hunters of a
sort; when traveling we look for inexpensive curios in antique shops, shop
windows or flea markets––objects that seem to convey history, hold a strong visual
appeal, and ideally some level of mystery. The object might be a hand-made toy,
a piece of jewelry, an old postcard or a faded photograph, but it must convey a
human touch or story that communicates across time. On a recent trip to London
we spent hours in the British Museum, The National Portrait Gallery, and the
Museum of London, but what really excited us was the prospect of discovering small
treasures in the many flea markets of the city.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">On a damp, grey Sunday––the kind of day that makes tourists feel
that they are in the London of Sherlock Holmes or Charles Dickens––we ventured
out to the Old Spitalfields Market in the East End, an area of London outside
the old medieval walled city that has seen buying, selling, haggling and
trading of all sorts for hundreds of years. The historic market looked
promising––crowded aisles between stalls filled with bits and pieces of other
times and lives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The vague odors of age
and dust were greatly improved by the smells of of Cornish pasties and shephard's pies and we eagerly took to the hunt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While
bargaining over some small metal hooks that might find use in our bathroom, I noticed
a small, nickel-plated snuffbox with the words, “A. Whittard, Postman, Dursley”
marked on the lid. The letters had been stamped into the metal, one at time,
with hand tools. The repetition of the letter “X” turned on its side had
created a border around the words.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My
wife and I immediately thought that this intriguing find had enough clues to enable us to trace it to its original owner, and that quest seemed to be a tempting challenge. The snuffbox would be our map. The owner would be the treasure.</span><span face="Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"> The Snuffbox</span><span face="'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">I made a cash deal with the seller for both the bathroom
hooks and the snuffbox and my wife and I went happily back to our hotel room to
rest up for the next day’s adventures.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
week later, back at home in Texas, I searched the Internet for Dursley, and
found that it was a small market town in Gloucestershire. A search for A.
Whittard, Postman, Dursley, quickly turned up a link to an online forum for
past residents of Dursley and a comment by Julie Smith from Ohio, USA, about
growing up in the town, along with a mention of her late brother, Alan Whittard,
who had been a Dursley postman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span face="Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Parsonage St., Dursley, circa 1910. The old
post office was on this street.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Postcard from author’s collection </span><span face="'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">It appeared that we had a win on the first spin of the
wheel, but in further investigation, we recognized that Alan was too young to
be our snuffbox owner, and what’s more, no one remembered him ever using snuff.
Julie offered to contact a friend in Dursley, Jennifer Rennie, known as
“Paddy.” As it turned out, Paddy’s maternal grandfather was <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Arthur</i> Whittard, a Dursley postman at
the turn of the 20<sup>th</sup> century. So, unknown to Julie, she and her
“friend” Paddy were actually distant cousins.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Paddy put us in contact with her first cousin Sadie Evans,
another of Arthur’s granddaughters. With help from Sadie and her daughter, Jane
English, the story of the Dursley postman, Arthur Whittard, began to take form.
My wife and I offered to return the snuffbox to the Whittard family in exchange
for some details of Arthur’s story. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Arthur Whittard was born in Dursley 1866, began work as an
errand boy at age 15, and later joined the King’s Royal Rifle Corps.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After his military service, Arthur was
certified as a postman in 1893, and a year later he married Ada Morgan. The
1911 census reveals that the Whittard family lived on Slade Lane and had nine
children: Frederick 16, Arthur Victor 14, May 12, Maud 11, Edith 9, Valentina
8, Alfred 6, and Dorothy 2.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">One family story raises the possibility that Arthur worked
as a school headmaster in India.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We
could not confirm this, but it is of note that in the late 1800s the Kings
Royal Rifles were posted to India. Perhaps this family story relates to time
that Arthur spent in India with the KRR before returning to Durlsey and
beginning his work as a postman.</span><span face="Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdMcsRHzF0QMLgFPc7z5ZY6E0b1_wmae1yXH20FcfZvncUsmiptMaFE21n3-cxwmeIiyh6OMemXufIV-ewgmY008kFSNX_JloFKy0VFdBW8YPpjU5RbAb0GDqE250Nn17ihyRcFEofxsE/s1600/fig3Dpostmen.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="438" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdMcsRHzF0QMLgFPc7z5ZY6E0b1_wmae1yXH20FcfZvncUsmiptMaFE21n3-cxwmeIiyh6OMemXufIV-ewgmY008kFSNX_JloFKy0VFdBW8YPpjU5RbAb0GDqE250Nn17ihyRcFEofxsE/s640/fig3Dpostmen.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Dursley Postmen, c. 1900. Arthur Whittard
fifth from the left, back row, prominent mustache. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-small;">Back (L-R) Unknown, Unknown, Frank Martin (?),
Unknown, Arthur Whittard, Unknown, Unknown, Fred Hitchins<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-small;">Front (L-R) Tom Fussell, Frank Hadley, Unknown,
Unknown, ? Hitchins, Jim Fussell<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-small;">Seated, Harry Trotman, Telegraph Boy<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-small;"><i>Photo and information courtesy of David Evans and
Andrew Barton, Dursley</i></span><span face="'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">With the onset of
World War I, Arthur’s eldest son, Frederick, joined his father’s old regiment
as a rifleman with the King’s Royal Rifles in July 1914. In September of that year, Arthur, now age 48, re-enlisted in the military and served as a corporal-instructor with
the Army Service Corps in England.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Arthur’s younger son, Victor followed his brother into the King’s Royal
Rifles infantry regiment as a rifleman in January 1915. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Both of Arthur’s
sons saw action in the trenches of the Western Front of France and Flanders in
1915.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Victor met the fate of so many men
in the trenches, and became ill with pneumonia. He died on Boxing Day, December
26, 1915. He was 19 years old. Victor is buried in Merville Communal
Cemetery in Northern France.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His brother
Frederick was wounded in Ypres during the heavy fighting of the summer of 1915,
and was discharged in May 1918, with the loss of a leg. Arthur continued to
serve in the ASC until he was discharged as ill, in March 1918, and he died
only a few years later at age 59.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">We will probably never know how the Arthur’s snuffbox
traveled from Dursley, to Old Spitalfields Market in London 88 years after his
death, but the little snuffbox was returned to Dursley and to Arthur’s
granddaughter, Sadie Evans. With a little luck, some online research, and some
trans-Atlantic sleuthing two tourists from Texas learned a bit about a British
postman and the history of a family in a small market town in Gloucestershire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #131313;"><i><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">When people
bury treasure nowadays </span></i></span><i style="color: #131313;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">they do it in the Post-Office bank.”</span></i></span></div>
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<span face="Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #131313;">―</span><span style="color: #131313;"> </span><span style="color: #535503; text-decoration: none;">Arthur Conan Doyle</span><span style="color: #131313;">, </span><i><span style="color: #535503;">The Case-Book of
Sherlock Holmes</span></i></span><span style="color: #131313;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">2022 Addendum:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">(Add in story about Jane, Richard, Sadie, and our trip to Dursley) </span></div>
Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-33524843932324806582014-07-17T20:03:00.005-07:002022-10-27T16:25:57.559-07:00<div style="orphans: 2; text-align: center; widows: 2;"><span style="font-family: times;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 9pt 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Chuck Will's Widow<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 9pt 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">and the Night a Jaguar Ate the Moon</span><span style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 9pt 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></p></span></div><div style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; widows: 2;"><br /></div><div style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; widows: 2;">
<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">The twenty-four hours of April 14, 2014, began raw and ragged across Central Texas––it seemed prehistoric, beautiful, and very natural; the events we saw, heard, and felt have been experienced by others for centuries.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">The day began with a line of dark, intense thunderstorms rumbling through the area. There was heavy rain, high winds, lightning, and even hail in a few places. This display of force continued for several hours until the sky gradually cleared to full sun on the outstanding array of bluebonnets and other wildflowers that had been with us for a couple of weeks. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">The wind continued to gust heavily all day as an unusually late cold front moved across the state. After darkness fell, the wind let up and the temperatures dropped quickly to a low in the mid-thirties. We were forced to bring our outdoor potted plants in once again.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;"><span>As I left the studio at about 10 p.m. and walked up to the cabin in full moonlight, I was very pleased to hear the repeated call of a Chuck Will's Widow. Each year they return to this area to nest during the warm months. It's my favorite bird on our place, despite the fact that I haven't actually seen one. That may seem odd, but these birds are very secretive and well camouflaged. </span><span>They hide during the day and feed at night––feasting on insects and occasionally on smaller birds or bats. </span><span style="text-align: -webkit-auto;">They do not build nests but lay their eggs on the ground in the leaves and dirt. </span><span style="text-align: -webkit-auto;">When sitting on their "nest" during the day they are almost invisible––still and quiet––blending into their background. </span></span></div><div style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; widows: 2;"><span style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; widows: 2;"><span style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">We are on the very western edge of the Chuck Will's Widow's nesting range. I suppose I could spend some time walking through the wooded parts of our place looking for a Chuck Will's Widow, but I prefer to leave them to what natural setting they have left as we humans keep invading their territory.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times;"><span style="font-size: large;">I heard this bird</span><span style="font-size: large;">'s nightly calls for years during the summer months, and when I asked people about the call, a couple of friends told me it was a Whip-poor-will. I didn't think so. The bird's call was similar to a Whip-poor-will, but not quite the same, and I was sure it was a different bird. A little searching online led me to better information. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">The two birds are related, but if you listen carefully, the call is distinctively different, with each bird saying its name. Within the Chuck Will's Widow's call, the "Chuck" part is quick, low, and difficult to hear at a distance but the "Will's Widow" part is very clear, and the call repeats over and over in the early evening and less often during the night and in the early morning. The birds are silent and hidden during the day.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">Here's a link to the call -- scroll down on the link page and click on the call button: <span style="color: #042eee;"><a href="http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/chuck-wills-widow/sounds">http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/chuck-wills-widow/sounds</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">I went to bed very pleased to have Chuck Will's Widow back "home." We have been doing a little landscaping and building a hiking trail on our place, and I was afraid we might have disturbed her nesting areas. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">April 14 had more in store for us and the natural display was not over. My wife and I slept lightly until 1:45 a.m. when we got up and went outside to check on the progress of a full lunar eclipse––a rare "blood moon" For the next hour and a half, we kept coming back inside to warm up, waiting ten or fifteen minutes and going back outside to check the progress of the eclipse. The night got darker and darker, and the crescent of lighted moon gradually decreased, revealing a reddish, ghostly moon almost directly overhead and a very bright Mars shining just to its right. The planet Mars was at one of its closest points to the earth and was the brightest "star" in the sky, as the moon appeared as a coppery disc. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">One could not help but wonder what ancient people thought of this phenomenon––what great stories they must have concocted. The ancient Mayans told a story of the eclipse being the result of a jaguar eating the moon, and they performed ceremonies to drive the beast away. I hope you didn't miss this event, but if you did, there will be three more full lunar eclipses visible in North America soon––one in October and two more in 2015. Don't let the opportunity get by you. It's a beautiful sight, and it reminds you of other skywatchers, past and present.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;"><span>All in all, it was a lot of "nature" in 24 hours. Hell of a day! </span><span style="text-align: center;">Don't let the jaguar eat your moon! </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;"><i><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">“Mortal as I am, I know that I am born for a day. But when I follow at my pleasure the serried multitude of the stars in their circular course, my feet no longer touch the earth.” </span></i><br />
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― Ptolemy</span><br /></span>
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-59711756052860740572013-12-28T16:34:00.008-08:002022-12-11T09:35:19.766-08:00More Than a Game<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium;">People ask me what I do in winter when there's no baseball. </span></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Times;">I'll tell you what I do. </span></i><i>I stare out the window and wait for spring.</i> </span><br />
<span>– Rogers Hornsby</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">A few years ago, I found an old, broken, worn-out Little League baseball bat in the corner of an antique shop. The bat is a late 1940s or early 1950s Louisville Slugger 125J, Little League model, with a Babe Ruth decal. The bat had been badly broken, split along the grain, but the break had been carefully repaired. The first repair was probably done with black electrician’s tape judging by the tape residue still on the bat. The second repair was done by tightly wrapping the broken area with steel wire. To say that the bat spoke to me is to use a well-worn cliché, but it spoke to me.</span><br />
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<!--StartFragment-->
<!--EndFragment--><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span>“Label up! Hold the bat with the label up!” Most kids who learned to play baseball in the era before aluminum bats can remember those instructions shouted at them as they hefted the bat at home plate and looked toward the pitcher. The bat in their hands would have been made from ash or oak, and the “label” was more than likely not actually a paper</span><span> label or decal, but a manufacturer’s trademark branded into the wood. The child knew what the instructions meant, even if he didn’t know why; the maker’s name and emblem should be facing up.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<!--StartFragment-->
<!--EndFragment--></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;">Here’s a picture of the “label” on the Babe Ruth bat, and below it is an example of how it would have looked when it was new:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH_LUUmUJ2IjdsMQ2u9C0olcBmMACcwR23R3XAvBYCFGnPy49GDh4CWP5G5M56KmECI43q03aCyhHTAVTCa3IAflwKj_UZOlaGXxmpawj2dJ5nx2lFo8SOVzhQvL71xHktXrZ9Nv4xhlg/s1600/label2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" height="387" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH_LUUmUJ2IjdsMQ2u9C0olcBmMACcwR23R3XAvBYCFGnPy49GDh4CWP5G5M56KmECI43q03aCyhHTAVTCa3IAflwKj_UZOlaGXxmpawj2dJ5nx2lFo8SOVzhQvL71xHktXrZ9Nv4xhlg/s640/label2.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnyS1vECo_IkcLlNzywTxO6AupguNoQIQGeR-NiqtEv4ieA8FJLzAkZbgzbBLkXDl-0pcfL6u4elF7Z2qQMR6LiMmVcTEQzOqLqvkGaT41lgv4vVp_yHiZ-ciOkp5hvIk0WS8viCLO2fk/s1600/new+label.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnyS1vECo_IkcLlNzywTxO6AupguNoQIQGeR-NiqtEv4ieA8FJLzAkZbgzbBLkXDl-0pcfL6u4elF7Z2qQMR6LiMmVcTEQzOqLqvkGaT41lgv4vVp_yHiZ-ciOkp5hvIk0WS8viCLO2fk/s640/new+label.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Before the mid-nineteenth century, baseball players were expected to provide their own bats, and many sizes and shapes of bats were in use. As the game became more organized, rules were imposed to limit the bat diameter and length, although the shapes varied, including some bats with flat hitting surfaces. Bats with rounded barrels soon became the norm, but no matter what the size or shape, wooden bats were still subject to being broken during the course of a ballgame.</span></div>
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<span><span style="font-size: large;">The contact between a pitched ball and the bat is an exceptionally violent collision, and occasionally a wooden bat breaks at the moment of impact––usually splitting along the grain of the wood. The best safeguards against breaking a bat are the choice of a strong, close-grained wood for its construction and striking the ball with the <i>edge</i> of the wood's grain rather than the <i>side</i> of the grain. The manufacturers of wooden bats place their trademarks or labels with the alignment of the wood grain in mind; if the label is facing up, the edge of the grain is toward the incoming ball. (1)</span></span></div>
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<!--StartFragment--><span>The
history of Louisville Slugger baseball bats begins with a broken bat. In 1884 Pete
Browning, the star player for the Louisville Eclipse baseball team, broke his
favorite bat during a game, and Bud Hillerich, the son of a local woodworker,
offered to make him a new one. Bud’s father, J. F. Hillerich, owned a shop that
produced stair railings, porch columns, and butter churns. Using his father's shop, seventeen-year-old Bud turned a new bat for
Mr. Browning, who proceeded to get three hits with it the next day.</span><span> </span><br />
<br />
<span>Young
Hillerich persuaded his father to add baseball bats to their product line, and
they trademarked the name “Louisville Slugger” in 1894. While there have been
other manufacturers of wooden baseball bats, the Louisville Slugger has been
the best-known wooden baseball bat for well over a century. Frank Bradsby
became a partner in the business in 1916, and the firm’s name was changed to
The Hillerich and Bradsby Company. By 1923, the company was the largest
manufacturer of baseball bats and over the years, baseball legends like Honus
Wagner, Rogers Hornsby, Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Jackie Robinson, Ted Williams,
Hank Aaron, and Derek Jeter have all swung Louisville Sluggers. </span><!--EndFragment--></span></div>
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<span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span>Broken baseball bats are only useful as kindling for a fire and are usually discarded. However, as with most things, necessity sometimes trumps convenience––and that was the case with our 125J
Louisville Slugger. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
</span><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">One can envision the
events unfolding as a dejected child held a broken bat that had seen many days
of hard play on the baseball diamond. The
evidence clearly shows an attempted mending with black tape, possibly performed
by the child, and a later wound-wire repair likely done by a father, an uncle, or an older
friend.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-rIkLvcBAEXYEnoIxUHS-Jed0hDjB0y9GhOfDts6VtKT299aoLrsH1D-COJ84Um2qWp8flPx451yPsPKzaIZSr6ILWQCfgYrafN7nPV0YN4b8KAWz3MfhnPwZW9Gl5owFUs1JBa0vQLI/s1600/wrapped2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-rIkLvcBAEXYEnoIxUHS-Jed0hDjB0y9GhOfDts6VtKT299aoLrsH1D-COJ84Um2qWp8flPx451yPsPKzaIZSr6ILWQCfgYrafN7nPV0YN4b8KAWz3MfhnPwZW9Gl5owFUs1JBa0vQLI/s640/wrapped2.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: medium; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: large;">The story this bat tells is one about the time and effort spent to repair it and to convince a child that it was still usable and that a new bat was simply out of reach––at least for the time being; it puts us in a precise moment of generosity and affection as well as sharing lessons of perseverance, problem-solving, and frugality. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span>The wear on this bat demonstrates that
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<span>A Louisville 125J, with the Babe Ruth decal </span><span>in very excellent condition </span><span>is apparently worth several hundred dollars to collectors. I get that, but I'd rather have this bat––it tells a better story.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><span>“Use it up – wear it out – make it do”
is an old adage that we don’t hear or observe much anymore, at least not
in the more prosperous parts of the world, but it’s a good lesson to keep in
mind––<i>if</i> you want to win the big game.</span><span> </span></span><br />
<br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjZB2g9j3-TaY7kjlX2CSqG7FuOaqCjrwGAKc-HgEdPyw9Rv4El_58QI-cIrfk85N_BwVyDiXqp7wSWSSm1xxaUCz3jfjAZpV_2CDD7r8Xf65I8w8WcU02CP3rQv2DwyjwmUAt04evIiI/s1600/ball4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjZB2g9j3-TaY7kjlX2CSqG7FuOaqCjrwGAKc-HgEdPyw9Rv4El_58QI-cIrfk85N_BwVyDiXqp7wSWSSm1xxaUCz3jfjAZpV_2CDD7r8Xf65I8w8WcU02CP3rQv2DwyjwmUAt04evIiI/s1600/ball4.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Link to the history of the Louisville Slugger:<br />
<a href="http://slugger.com/story/history.html">http://slugger.com/story/history.html</a></span></div>
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Link to video about <span style="font-family: Times;">The Hillerich and Bradsby Company:</span><br />
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jroExgSSjzo">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jroExgSSjzo</a></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">
Link to Rogers Hornsby bio, National Baseball Hall of Fame:</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="http://baseballhall.org/hof/hornsby-rogers"><span style="font-size: large;">http://baseballhall.org/hof/hornsby-rogers</span></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">
Link to Babe Ruth bio, National Baseball Hall of Fame:</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="http://baseballhall.org/hof/ruth-babe"><span style="font-size: large;">http://baseballhall.org/hof/ruth-babe</span></a></div>
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<ol>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">To understand the physics behind the impact between the baseball and the wooden bat, hold a deck of playing cards in your hand and strike a surface with the flat of the cards and notice how the deck flexes and bends.</span><span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Now strike with the edge of the deck and notice how differently the cards react. The individual cards represent the grain of the wood, and in this position, much more force is transmitted into the blow. Not only will more force be transmitted to the baseball, but the possibility that the bat will flex and break will be greatly diminished.</span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times;">Personal
note: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times;">My great-uncle, Texas Grey Burleson,
played baseball with Rogers Hornsby when they were children. They both grew up
on the Blackland Prairie of Texas in a large bend of the Colorado River known
as Hornsby Bend, just east of Austin. Rogers Hornsby went on to great fame as a
professional baseball player in the years between 1915 and 1937. As the family legend
goes, Uncle Grey was also a very good baseball player, and he also wanted to leave home to play baseball too, but was told by his
father that baseball was only a game for children. He soon left home for work as a cowboy in Wyoming, where he married our Aunt Ollie and where they had a wonderful life together.</span></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: large;">Rogers
Hornsby is buried in his family's cemetery at Hornsby Bend, Texas. Texas Grey Burleson, a favorite fellow in our family, is buried alongside Ollie Burleson, in Buffalo, Wyoming.</span></div>
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-17912570752081701082013-07-19T11:20:00.002-07:002022-10-30T07:53:21.992-07:00Lone Ranger Rides Again – a story about a ranger and his bear, as told/sold on eBay Dec. 2008<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">What follows is a copy of my eBay description for an item I sold online in 2008. I am putting the story up on the blog just for the fun of it. The Lone Ranger and his fuzzy bear are long gone to a new home, so don't send emails offering me large sums of money for him. I apologize for the images. These were photographed long ago, and had to be resurrected by the magic of computer technology from an old word document where they were low resolution files in a rich text format, which was, in reality, not so rich.</span></div>
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<span>Okay, at first glance, you might think, "Hey, The Lone Ranger is Riding a Bear!" Well, you would be correct, but that's not the whole story...</span><br />
<span><br /></span><span>I know you can still hear the stirring music from the radio or the black and white TV and the announcer saying <i>"... the daring and resourceful masked rider of the plains led the fight for law and order in the early West. Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear... The Lone Ranger Rides Again!" </i>(Remember the word resourceful.)</span><br />
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<span>Just before the scene opens, the Lone Ranger was sitting astride his fiery horse, Silver, awaiting the return of his trusty Indian (PC apologies) companion, Tonto. Tonto had ridden into town with orders to skulk around looking for bad guys who were rumored to be planning a hostile takeover of the local home mortgage lender.</span><br />
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<span>As you will recall, Silver was a "fiery" horse and, with the speed of light and in a cloud of dust, Silver made a quick crow-hop to avoid an empty peanut butter jar thrown out of a covered wagon, leaving the Lone Ranger "sittin' on nothin', way up in the air" as the old cowboy song goes.</span><br />
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<span>Well LR landed pretty hard and realized the jarring thump had stirred his bladder and he <i>really</i> needed to wet down the dust of the west. </span><br />
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<span>So... modestly facing an arroyo wall, pistols in hand just in case, he was heeding the call when a black bear came around the corner and thought he looked just like a river salmon!</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span>Lone detected the bear's approach and with lightning reflexes, honed by years of trying to keep his white ranger suit clean in the dusty, dusty wild west, he turned to face his foe, pistols still in hand.</span><br />
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<span>The bear turned right around, thinking, "Whoa! A man with a mask? What's up with that? Halloween was months ago! How does he keep that suit so clean? And how did he zip up with a pistol in each hand?" </span><br />
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<span>While the bear was preoccupied with these "bearzarre" thoughts, LR got the drop on him and hopped (no, not HOPPY -- that's another western––stay with us) on the bear's back, and rode him to a stand-still!</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja_gI0fCVS0PYlrh_J6rfc0-t1kke9wAS1XTe0YUxl8Wc98zgnLBISVpGDdV4SZXnas1t0AnMJ5MUrVo7XYNkxt7xHilEK9y3Q3G7RHLNOnc7KH_qcTGAHVaN9Fwmg1ipniIQniXRsULM/s1600/loneranger4_edited-1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja_gI0fCVS0PYlrh_J6rfc0-t1kke9wAS1XTe0YUxl8Wc98zgnLBISVpGDdV4SZXnas1t0AnMJ5MUrVo7XYNkxt7xHilEK9y3Q3G7RHLNOnc7KH_qcTGAHVaN9Fwmg1ipniIQniXRsULM/s200/loneranger4_edited-1.jpg" width="142" /></span></a></div>
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<span>Several thoughts went through the Ranger's head as he sat on the bear. The first was, "Where the heck is Silver?" The second thought was, "Wow, this furry seat is really comfy on my butt!" The third was, "As a matter of managerial protocol, should I be sitting lower than my trusty companion, Tonto, on his pony, Paint?" After brief consideration he shrugged and muttered to himself, "Oh, well, we can catch a prairie dog for Tonto to ride as soon as he gets back from town." </span><br />
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<i><span>"A fuzzy bear with the speed of grandma, a few small puffs of dust, and a hearty Hi-Yo, Fuzzy! The Lone Ranger! With his faithful Indian companion, Tonto (riding Little Sparky), the daring and resourceful masked rider of the plains... The Lone Ranger rides again!"</span></i><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Tune in again next week; but until then, this small plastic Lone Ranger figure and plastic bear are up for grabs. LR is 2 & 1/2" tall and 2" wide. Condition is good with some light wear from play. Fuzzy is 2" long, and similar condition. Fuzzy has "Made in Hong Kong" branded on his belly. How he got out west, I'll never know. They have been riding together on my bookcase for about 20 years.</span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;">Good Luck!</span></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><i>The thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts.</i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><i>–– Henry Wadsworth Longfellow</i></span></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-85431486921802052482013-07-14T11:27:00.056-07:002022-10-30T08:50:57.826-07:00Rude Words for a True American Hero<p></p><p><br /></p><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="caret-color: rgb(17, 64, 89); color: #114059; font-family: Times; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">Originally published Breadcrumbs Blogger post 7/14/2013 </div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="caret-color: rgb(17, 64, 89); color: #114059; font-family: Times; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">A revised and expanded version of this story appears in </div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="caret-color: rgb(17, 64, 89); color: #114059; font-family: Times; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><i style="font-size: 15.399999618530273px;">Snapshots and Short Notes</i><span style="font-size: 15.399999618530273px;">, Kenneth Wilson, Univ. of North Texas Press, 2020.</span> </div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="caret-color: rgb(17, 64, 89); color: #114059; font-family: Times; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="caret-color: rgb(17, 64, 89); color: #114059; font-family: Times; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpahBL2m8ioNsUubTIUVoWINjpSi808_hHJwERgZ5USL0q4mosDiUOrVkxyoV32Jo__DisVyGjO2EgfIfokPX6LIK-JWwfpoViK8dlr66bqyLlAiZ73xlXj6YFeXy-eikccczRKuqT3aPIWoJDrNwkphrdF7t2xwvTeRS1vpPSHJH2VHZPdWRncwPS/s1647/Mary%20Walker%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1647" data-original-width="1036" height="447" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpahBL2m8ioNsUubTIUVoWINjpSi808_hHJwERgZ5USL0q4mosDiUOrVkxyoV32Jo__DisVyGjO2EgfIfokPX6LIK-JWwfpoViK8dlr66bqyLlAiZ73xlXj6YFeXy-eikccczRKuqT3aPIWoJDrNwkphrdF7t2xwvTeRS1vpPSHJH2VHZPdWRncwPS/w281-h447/Mary%20Walker%20copy.jpg" width="281" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">This impromptu photograph of Dr. Mary Edwards Walker, circa 1912, was almost certainly snapped without her consent on a sidewalk in New York, and no doubt Dr. Walker had very sharp words for the photographer. Despite the circumstances of its creation, the photo gives us a candid look at one of the more intriguing characters in American History. The image is printed on a real photo postcard and it has been discourteously titled, </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">“Dr. Mary Walker, The Only Self Made Man in America.” </i><br /></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><br /></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">You will note that Dr. Walker is dressed in trousers and a top hat. By the time this photograph was taken, that had been her chosen mode of dress for many years. Born in Oswego, New York, in 1832 to very progressive or “free-thinker” parents who believed strongly in education and equality for women, Mary became an early advocate for women’s rights and dress reform for women, and she rejected the tight-fitting, restrictive women’s clothing of the day.</span><br /></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><br /></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Mary Walker's story goes well beyond her choice of attire. She was a physician, abolitionist, women's rights activist, and Civil War surgeon. She was the first female surgeon in the U.S. Army and the only female recipient of the Congressional Medal of Honor, the United States’ highest military honor, awarded for personal acts of valor above and beyond the call of duty. </span><br /></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Walker graduated from medical school in 1855 at age 23, when very few women in the country were medical doctors. She married and began a medical practice; however, the marriage ended in divorce, and in 1861, when the Civil war broke out, Walker volunteered her services as a physician to the Union Army. The army refused her a commission or a salaried position because of her gender, but despite this rejection, Walker volunteered her services and worked long, difficult, unpaid hours, first as a nurse and later as a field surgeon in tent hospitals near the battlefront. She treated wounded soldiers at the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861 and later that year at the Battle of Fredericksburg. </span></span><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfZGdFw3DbPgsBu4uSlPLpmNJBDIUhEdxq0RIJU0N5R6TG-5FghPcAP74NukltTnSlbDe96qZNaElhhRDXlQUf1Tb5CapHQi4bUU77ngq1WLoJmvS9pzEp2ddSiG7yHVZ7iEiGEQ67npbSgjeWyemLbajUpmTqXIwr5zRxvyG49IsP3FQjdx_x_IOz/s628/walker%20copy.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="517" height="345" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfZGdFw3DbPgsBu4uSlPLpmNJBDIUhEdxq0RIJU0N5R6TG-5FghPcAP74NukltTnSlbDe96qZNaElhhRDXlQUf1Tb5CapHQi4bUU77ngq1WLoJmvS9pzEp2ddSiG7yHVZ7iEiGEQ67npbSgjeWyemLbajUpmTqXIwr5zRxvyG49IsP3FQjdx_x_IOz/w283-h345/walker%20copy.jpeg" width="283" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCqW0_E8l5n9UzrzPKME8LTsDJvC0eana_TvxI7TatIWw7-2ZnnpuhDo5815_NgzzdgWzTpfdlItJWfSHqyCBixSmz3yftX45ay5J_8Hk1Z7JqDKW8L6bT3Wu6heweQijAwgcpMuJ1lqJFJO8WUOODgaC2mvif5J5ta2-3PmdOJIbFmPB9QPyVrG3-/s2324/MaryWalkerCW%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2324" data-original-width="1200" height="345" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCqW0_E8l5n9UzrzPKME8LTsDJvC0eana_TvxI7TatIWw7-2ZnnpuhDo5815_NgzzdgWzTpfdlItJWfSHqyCBixSmz3yftX45ay5J_8Hk1Z7JqDKW8L6bT3Wu6heweQijAwgcpMuJ1lqJFJO8WUOODgaC2mvif5J5ta2-3PmdOJIbFmPB9QPyVrG3-/w178-h345/MaryWalkerCW%20copy.jpg" width="178" /></a></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">Walker continued to request an official posting as a surgeon, but the army continued to refuse her a commission. Though officially a nurse, she wore the green sash of an army physician as she worked alongside the male doctors. A New York Tribune article written about Dr. Walker in 1862 included this paragraph:</span></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><i style="font-family: Times;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Dressed in male habiliments… she carries herself amid the camp with a jaunty air of dignity well calculated to receive the sincere respect of the soldiers… She can amputate a limb with the skill of an old surgeon, and administer medicine equally as well. Strange to say that, although she has frequently applied for a permanent position in the medical corps, she has never been formally assigned to any particular duty.</span></span></i></blockquote></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">In response to her many requests for a position as a physician, President Lincoln sent a letter to Dr. Walker in 1864, which read in part:</span></blockquote><p><br /></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Medical Department of the army is an organized system in the hands of men supposed to be learned in that profession and I am sure it would injure the service for me, with strong hand, to thrust among them anyone, male or female, against their consent.</span></i></blockquote></blockquote><p><br /></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">In September of 1863, in</span> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Chattanooga, Tennessee, Walker treated the wounded after the Battle of Chickamauga, where Assistant Surgeon General Robert Wood observed her work and later assigned Walker the rank of Acting Assistant Surgeon. During these years, Walker continued to face the disapproval of many of the male physicians who had little respect for her opinions, including her suggestion that many of the battlefield amputations were unnecessary. Despite these conflicts, there is ample evidence that many physicians and generals in the field were grateful for her assistance in treating the large numbers of wounded.</span></span></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> <br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">In 1862, Walker wrote to the War Department, requesting employment with the Secret Service as a Union spy, but this offer was declined. There is some speculation that subsequently, she actually worked as a spy in Confederate territory, but the validity of those claims is apparently in question.<br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">As an acting assistant surgeon to the 52nd Ohio Volunteers in 1864, Walker managed a hospital for women prisoners and an orphanage. Part of her responsibility included caring for the surrounding civilian population, and she often crossed enemy lines in the performance of this duty. On one of these excursions, Walker was captured and arrested as a spy by Confederate troops and imprisoned at the notoriously brutal Castle Thunder Prison in Richmond, Virginia, until her release later that year as part of a prisoner exchange. After her release from prison, Walker cared for Confederate women prisoners and an orphan asylum in Louisville, Kentucky.</span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: left;"> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2ZN8kwXYFNtvcW-LHEPgvXvrRm1SEOAf9m-jBjZi0REKh90_mPsvauMeB7SJ5ldVcnHWgx2UwVdD04SQhsOTpSCcAi_5nuNthePg8016dZArH8sBsNLjUTDdxrMsyMNt61vv-qj2Wi0FL7H8CSlFn888VmNandcqv9wTLxY19PzGQlKesNEAkSffi/s186/g6450_u8296_drwalker.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="186" data-original-width="154" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2ZN8kwXYFNtvcW-LHEPgvXvrRm1SEOAf9m-jBjZi0REKh90_mPsvauMeB7SJ5ldVcnHWgx2UwVdD04SQhsOTpSCcAi_5nuNthePg8016dZArH8sBsNLjUTDdxrMsyMNt61vv-qj2Wi0FL7H8CSlFn888VmNandcqv9wTLxY19PzGQlKesNEAkSffi/w213-h257/g6450_u8296_drwalker.gif" width="213" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeUlBAqirQKuzpf0aQ5GZbcrxb5knImSgN-dw25qobxqZRktHHY5wg7gf54-7tBP09-38s_xWf7zmUmejExHeLFwyhLaIocEkaFUgdiAoCpH7v2gSaT2eOxNqR0dAbcHFp3xF298y5xe4nITWkyY4xAF4eAwgrR1StY5ImFD5tsmrrOUPjTVT_8h_B/s1200/JS111918Walker_Popup1%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="805" data-original-width="1200" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeUlBAqirQKuzpf0aQ5GZbcrxb5knImSgN-dw25qobxqZRktHHY5wg7gf54-7tBP09-38s_xWf7zmUmejExHeLFwyhLaIocEkaFUgdiAoCpH7v2gSaT2eOxNqR0dAbcHFp3xF298y5xe4nITWkyY4xAF4eAwgrR1StY5ImFD5tsmrrOUPjTVT_8h_B/s320/JS111918Walker_Popup1%20copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">During her military service, Walker modified her uniforms to include trousers and a knee-length tunic. She not only faced negative reactions from male physicians but also from her female patients, who were offended both by her manner of dress and their belief that women should not be doctors. <br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> <br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">At the conclusion of the Civil War, Congress awarded Walker the Congressional Medal of Honor for meritorious service. However, in 1917 in an unfortunate twist of fate, Congress rescinded Walker’s medal and that of 910 other recipients, including "Buffalo Bill" Cody, when the Medal of Honor standards were revised to include only awards for actual combat. Despite this ruling, Walker wore the medal proudly until her death in 1919. In 1977, congress restored Walker's medal posthumously, citing her "distinguished gallantry, self-sacrifice, patriotism, dedication and unflinching loyalty to her country, despite the apparent discrimination because of her sex."<br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> <br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Walker continued to work and lecture for women’s rights and dress reform well into her later years. In September 1866, she helped Susan B. Anthony and Lucy Stone organize the Women’s Suffrage Association for Ohio. She was also a very strong spokesperson for the Temperance Movement and was quite outspoken on the evils of sexual activity beyond the act of procreation. Walker attempted to vote in 1872, and continued to fight for the right of all women to vote and the abolishment of slavery. She campaigned for a U.S. Senate seat in 1890 and became a well-known figure of her time, easily recognized by her formal attire, including winged collar and top hat. Unfortunately, Walker was often the object of ridicule for this manner of dress and even harassed by children on the street.<br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> <br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Dr. Mary Walker died in Oswego, New York, at the age of 86. During WWII, a Liberty ship, the SS Mary Walker, was named for her and in 1982, the US Postal Service issued a 20¢ stamp honoring Dr. Walker. In 2012 a statue in her likeness was erected in Oswego. The bronze figure depicts young Dr. Walker wearing trousers under her uniform skirt and proudly wearing the Medal of Honor. A quote from Walker is inscribed on the lectern that accompanies the statue: <br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0.4in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">“I have got to die before people will know who I am and what I have done. It is a shame that people who lead reforms in this world are not appreciated until after they are dead; then the world pays its tributes”</span></span></i></p></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPZeq6hd-f9-6vYf9yk28tx8brm0JdSviBnooryMROWo4XuRUyYfpb7EmRbbSQYT73jiNWu4Ba4kE7r8ZgnEacGhUSTXvkNZ_B4WjI8vpYvYZ-pauPfD-ffQ4UaabXJ6ArsMlB0iEexY774ydfGihK_7p5wLj7yd5N3pKFLRy_I9Ypw0dpl2_TGgOv/s178/g6450_u8298_mwtop.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="178" data-original-width="150" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPZeq6hd-f9-6vYf9yk28tx8brm0JdSviBnooryMROWo4XuRUyYfpb7EmRbbSQYT73jiNWu4Ba4kE7r8ZgnEacGhUSTXvkNZ_B4WjI8vpYvYZ-pauPfD-ffQ4UaabXJ6ArsMlB0iEexY774ydfGihK_7p5wLj7yd5N3pKFLRy_I9Ypw0dpl2_TGgOv/w271-h321/g6450_u8298_mwtop.gif" width="271" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0gYjLrmxQR0oDW_PwTCu7DZB9rviI9hvAOJ89NG7uxDbKpdXU11ilZcka3H5NKOigdUpZpxoknVgrj1qhZJ-rD-zGVjFgwwgPDbPKKLB4ofztJdHJNGWJKT1SJt4i3sfmGb0Tz2PRa1q3sZo0sutWAMXewYZ-FDWBTt2n25R8JSyZSQoORnzCFJnh/s500/walker3%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="321" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0gYjLrmxQR0oDW_PwTCu7DZB9rviI9hvAOJ89NG7uxDbKpdXU11ilZcka3H5NKOigdUpZpxoknVgrj1qhZJ-rD-zGVjFgwwgPDbPKKLB4ofztJdHJNGWJKT1SJt4i3sfmGb0Tz2PRa1q3sZo0sutWAMXewYZ-FDWBTt2n25R8JSyZSQoORnzCFJnh/w204-h318/walker3%20copy.jpg" width="204" /></a><br /><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt;"> </span></p></div></div></blockquote><p style="text-align: center;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD8mfIwO2gTZ0rGW54GddNjvi4Gq8WTIJDhxJR0NRiw1aGhq0MkvCOZUXezn5sbjkQgCuB5UDNWZhppMqQ1KliVPBdLTPujZ-DOETtdB1nB8KlwL4Ck0_X2aON9PRH9FV7nScjxFqzlxyiss2d9l9JA8Gj2eEM1M7guOjUTKgEdaV2pULQ9PtarMRp/s509/walkerstamp%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="340" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD8mfIwO2gTZ0rGW54GddNjvi4Gq8WTIJDhxJR0NRiw1aGhq0MkvCOZUXezn5sbjkQgCuB5UDNWZhppMqQ1KliVPBdLTPujZ-DOETtdB1nB8KlwL4Ck0_X2aON9PRH9FV7nScjxFqzlxyiss2d9l9JA8Gj2eEM1M7guOjUTKgEdaV2pULQ9PtarMRp/s320/walkerstamp%20copy.jpg" width="214" /></a> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji5YJUbJVTt5hQZTjSkhtHgiAWJaV2sPGNaAKzW_qFbXlPk-6kyGs4s92taI7-I70DwkXsdKCd0rZQ-oJtl80wu7pXSsPEDWDeuVTWFmpNSSiPyJ0lPZg1Gj1_h4glZQAGGquph-SHw2AJN-B7U5fvldQity0iZUjtjfD6KTmb8ZQ1sqshz25BaDEy/s900/Mary%20walkerstatue%20copy%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="418" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji5YJUbJVTt5hQZTjSkhtHgiAWJaV2sPGNaAKzW_qFbXlPk-6kyGs4s92taI7-I70DwkXsdKCd0rZQ-oJtl80wu7pXSsPEDWDeuVTWFmpNSSiPyJ0lPZg1Gj1_h4glZQAGGquph-SHw2AJN-B7U5fvldQity0iZUjtjfD6KTmb8ZQ1sqshz25BaDEy/s320/Mary%20walkerstatue%20copy%202.jpg" width="149" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Dr. Mary Edwards Walker was a dynamic figure with unyielding views on many subjects. She was certainly eccentric and perhaps difficult and antagonistic, but she was a person of fervent convictions who fought tirelessly for the causes she believed in––the abolishment of slavery, improved medical treatment, education, and women's rights. You might disagree about her views on temperance, but in her honor, let’s raise a glass of a non-alcoholic beverage and proclaim, “Here’s to Mary Edwards Walker, a vigorous and genuine American hero!”</span></span></div></div></blockquote><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>9/20/2022 Addendum:</b></span><div><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #111111;">From “A History Lesson for Trump: Transgender soldiers Served in the Civil War” by </span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/people/steve-hendrix/" style="color: #954f72;"><span style="color: #2a2a2a; text-decoration: none;">Steve Hendrix</span></a>, Washington Post, <span style="color: #666666;">August 25, 2017:<o:p></o:p></span></span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/07/26/a-history-lesson-for-trump-transgender-soldiers-served-in-the-civil-war/"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/07/26/a-history-lesson-for-trump-transgender-soldiers-served-in-the-civil-war/</span></a></span></p></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></p></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: #2a2a2a;"><span style="font-size: large;">Many cross-dressers and gender defiers have served in the U.S. military since the earliest days of its history. In fact, cross-dressing soldiers have been in the ranks of armies at least as far back as Joan of Arc, the 15th century military genius who was burned at the stake for heresies that included wearing a man’s uniform.</span></span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">During the American Civil War, boys just barely past puberty served in both armies, and <span style="color: #2a2a2a;">the smooth face of a female impostor could easily have passed without remark.</span></span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times;">“</span><span style="color: #2a2a2a; font-family: Times;">Researchers at the National Archives have found evidence that at least 250 women dressed as men to fight in the 1860s, some motivated by ideology, some by a taste for adventure and some by the need for a job. Most of those who survived presumably returned to their lives as women. But others continued to live as men after the war.</span><span style="font-family: Times;">”</span><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span> </span></p></blockquote></blockquote><p> </p><div><p></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Sources and Additional Reading:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Women in Military Service for America Memorial: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="https://womensmemorial.org/">https://womensmemorial.org/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Changing the Face of Medicine: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/changingthefaceofmedicine/physicians/biography_325.html"><span style="text-decoration: none;">http://www.nlm.nih.gov/changingthefaceofmedicine/physicians/biography_325.html</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Obscure histories, Mary Edwards Walker: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="https://www.obscurehistories.com/dr-walker-resource-links">https://www.obscurehistories.com/dr-walker-resource-links</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Mary Walker's Quest to be Appointed as a Union Doctor in the Civil War by Alexis Cole, The Atlantic, Feb. 7, 2013:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/02/mary-walkers-quest-to-be-appointed-as-a-union-doctor-in-the-civil-war/272909/"><span style="text-decoration: none;">http://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/02/mary-walkers-quest-to-be-appointed-as-a- union-doctor-in-the-civil-war/272909/</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Walker Bio:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="http://www.biography.com/people/mary-walker-9522110"><span style="text-decoration: none;">http://www.biography.com/people/mary-walker-9522110</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Women in History:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-edwards-walker">https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-edwards-walker</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Dedication of Walker statue in Oswego, NY <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"> <a href="http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2012/05/statue_to_dr_mary_edwards_walk.html"><span style="text-decoration: none;">http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2012/05/statue_to_dr_mary_edwards_walk.html</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;">Castle Thunder:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"><span> <span style="color: #3d85c6;"> <span> </span></span></span><span style="color: #3d85c6;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Thunder_(prison)"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Thunder_(prison)</span></span></a></span> </p><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">D Frenzel July 16, 2013 at 8:28 AM<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Thanks Ken. Interesting post (as always). Dave Frenzel.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Anonymous December 11, 2013 at 12:31 PM<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Hey Ken...I've been to her grave (so what else is new). Rumor has it that she was buried with her Medal of Honer, so that they couldn't get it back from her....Ginny Michaels<o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /> </blockquote><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p></p></div>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-63431685635137366552013-01-19T11:17:00.006-08:002022-10-29T10:09:10.139-07:00Remember Freda and the Alamo<div style="text-align: center;">
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">My favorite table at the Alamo Lounge was up against the west wall, just under a small framed "Freda and the Firedogs poster. It was the late 70s in Austin, Texas. The Alamo Lounge was the bar on the ground-floor corner of the old Alamo Hotel on West 6th Street, and I wanted that poster. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">To me, the Firedogs poster represented the beginning of the "progressive country rock" explosion in Austin, and the 1974 artwork was by Micael Priest, my favorite Armadillo World Headquarters poster artist. Freda and the Firedogs had been an important part of a new music scene in Austin; a longhaired, country-rock, cosmic-cowboy sound that was just getting cranked up. The 1960s emergence of folk music as a distinctly countercultural scene in Austin with venues such as Kenneth Threadgill's and Janis Joplin as a local folk artist had set the stage for the 1970s development of the progressive country radio format at Austin's KOKE-FM and the legendary Armadillo World Headquarters music hall and beer garden.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">Described by the press at the time as “freaks” and “hippies,” the Firedogs donned their cowboy hats and moved confidently into country music with their own style that incorporated rock “n” roll, folk, blues, and Cajun elements. The band consisted of Marcia Ball, John X. Reed, Steve McDaniels, David Cook, and Bobby Earl Smith. </div></div></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD0JSbPYzNzHsMH3vWmIiW1zXwdoc0P4lyG-evob0YFmM-ALZUG671MiMNZsVlhNF65Lmnj9HsYhsAWqut0GeZl6tRbKa3TlP-eqpAR7IA2GIpFQAnjD72O6qD6WvrE_D3_eww6nuQsqg/s1600/fredaposter.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="523" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD0JSbPYzNzHsMH3vWmIiW1zXwdoc0P4lyG-evob0YFmM-ALZUG671MiMNZsVlhNF65Lmnj9HsYhsAWqut0GeZl6tRbKa3TlP-eqpAR7IA2GIpFQAnjD72O6qD6WvrE_D3_eww6nuQsqg/w336-h523/fredaposter.jpg" width="336" /></a></div>
Freda and the Firedogs by Micael Priest, 1974</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="font-size: large;">Freda and the Firedogs played gigs in the local bars and
honky-tonks like the Split Rail, Dry Creek Cafe, and Soap Creek Saloon, as well
as opening for Freddie King at Armadillo World Headquarters and frequently backing
up Doug Sahm. They were the first “hippie” band to play the legendary Broken Spoke on
South Lamar. When big-time music promoter for Atlantic Records, Jerry Wexler,
came to town, he wanted to sign them as well as Willie Nelson and Doug Sahm, but
the Firedogs decided against signing with Atlantic and the band broke up after
the second Willie Nelson Forth of July Picnic in 1974.</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM_s6cDdOMN4Fq0Oyrli7ejJB4cW0xSekkz4XDcLo4cX_aSYUXd0UnqVKEvzGNAJUK0fawAX6LcTaAtpVmuIUsFDYTGNKOYEObv1gWtD04nxYjGtZtZ2uFEfKQqeKxlNBsfEflaYVjEgs/s1600/drycreekcafe.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="503" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM_s6cDdOMN4Fq0Oyrli7ejJB4cW0xSekkz4XDcLo4cX_aSYUXd0UnqVKEvzGNAJUK0fawAX6LcTaAtpVmuIUsFDYTGNKOYEObv1gWtD04nxYjGtZtZ2uFEfKQqeKxlNBsfEflaYVjEgs/w386-h503/drycreekcafe.jpg" width="386" /></a></div>
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Freda (center) and the Firedogs, Dry Creek Cafe 1972, photo by
Burton Wilson<o:p></o:p></div>
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www.fredafiredogs.com<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Although Freda and the Firedogs were no longer together by the time I discovered the Alamo Lounge, the individual band members, including Marcia
Ball, who had been dubbed “Freda” because it sounded good with “Firedogs,” were
still playing music around Austin and the Alamo Lounge was rockin’ with music
almost every night. I looked at that poster covetously each time I came in, examining
the screws that held it to the wall and wondering if it would fit under my
coat, but I left it there – not out of a sense of honor, but out of fear of
getting thrown out of the coolest music venue in Austin.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">The bar at the old Alamo Hotel, at Sixth and
Guadalupe, had been renamed the Alamo Lounge in the early 1970s. The hotel was
a funky old 1920s, five-story brick building, full of dusty old hangers-on and
down-and-outers, including Sam Houston Johnson, LBJ’s black-sheep brother.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It had seen better days of politicians,
conventions, businessmen, and travelers, but now it was pretty rough around the
edges, and so were its tenants. They say that Tom Waits stayed there once, and
later on, Willie Nelson and Merle Haggard filmed part of their video for “Pancho
and Lefty” in the hotel and it's lounge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM_s6cDdOMN4Fq0Oyrli7ejJB4cW0xSekkz4XDcLo4cX_aSYUXd0UnqVKEvzGNAJUK0fawAX6LcTaAtpVmuIUsFDYTGNKOYEObv1gWtD04nxYjGtZtZ2uFEfKQqeKxlNBsfEflaYVjEgs/s1600/drycreekcafe.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUvylykReysnSHLQkpHF6aaYciZekoMeW6lJylp83WJ1n1MhtH4iqRYOJh3mPyJA2hD5_rPF-itqW9jvCf7N-NbaM-qlL-X_Ge4WfXyxjcRvTsk75RMvR-7pHWqIvVL3EXO4Kwel6pNQ8/s1600/AlamoHotel.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUvylykReysnSHLQkpHF6aaYciZekoMeW6lJylp83WJ1n1MhtH4iqRYOJh3mPyJA2hD5_rPF-itqW9jvCf7N-NbaM-qlL-X_Ge4WfXyxjcRvTsk75RMvR-7pHWqIvVL3EXO4Kwel6pNQ8/s400/AlamoHotel.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Alamo
Hotel postcard c. 1940s<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The heyday of the old hotel was long past, but the Alamo
Lounge gained a new life in the decade after 1972. The room was long and narrow
with a beautiful old wooden bar and a small stage at one end.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The tables and chairs were worn and scuffed, and
there were a lot of memories of one sort or another hung on the walls. At night
the room pulsed with sound as musicians like Townes Van Zandt, Jimmie Dale
Gilmore, Butch Hancock, Bill Neeley, Lucinda Williams, Robert Earl Keen, Lyle Lovett,
and Steve Earle played on the tiny stage for pass-the-hat money.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">I remember one particular evening at the Alamo when a newcomer to
Austin, Mandy Mercier, was playing fiddle and accompanying Blaze Foley. Listening
to that lively young woman tearing up that fiddle made me forget all about the
Freda poster.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mandy Mercier is still
playing amazing fiddle music, but sadly, Blaze Foley went to his rest in his
duct tape-covered coffin only a few years later.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The Alamo Lounge closed its doors in 1981, and the Alamo hotel was
bulldozed to make way for a parking lot and, later, another bland
Austin high-rise.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The hotel's furnishings of were sold at auction, and one of my U.T. professors picked up some great bent-bamboo chairs for his living room, but I never saw the poster again.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Marcia Ball continued to treat folks to her bluesy, Cajun voice and that boogie-woogie piano beat––keeping time with one long, bouncing leg
crossed over the other. She went on to a highly successful career that has
included more than a dozen albums as well as Grammy nominations. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the years went by, I would ask younger
folks in the audience if they remembered Freda and the Firedogs. “No?” I’d say,
“Well, that’s Freda right there––that's her, yep, Freda and the Firedogs!”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKV3dMFYlcfeMYtnO0tb9BDu8IP2_-CDP7WtYCFkQl7d6yBPVtIE437tTkXoMywiH8aG17xKzO4ndf9kMJ_L3dUvX9uckmTDKESUssIXMYz8LkYgPdzIPj-MAAPPBXpsH5cLqvzpXcAHSAjsgIuM3S6rojKThaBOkVjttpGVdVV48cksx5zU3FfQeO/s300/Marcia_Ball_-_Gatorhythms_Cover.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="300" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKV3dMFYlcfeMYtnO0tb9BDu8IP2_-CDP7WtYCFkQl7d6yBPVtIE437tTkXoMywiH8aG17xKzO4ndf9kMJ_L3dUvX9uckmTDKESUssIXMYz8LkYgPdzIPj-MAAPPBXpsH5cLqvzpXcAHSAjsgIuM3S6rojKThaBOkVjttpGVdVV48cksx5zU3FfQeO/s1600/Marcia_Ball_-_Gatorhythms_Cover.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">
<span class="Apple-style-span">It’s been a bit over thirty years since I sat in the Alamo
Lounge under the Freda poster, but at the Austin Book and Paper show last
weekend, I was fortunate to find and purchase an original 1974 Firedogs poster.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There’s Marcia––big glasses and too-tall
cowboy hat––and there’s Micael Priest’s signature, almost lost in his classic
cross-hatching.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Freda and the
Firedogs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Every Sunday at the Texas Opry
House, behind the Terrace.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">After I got the poster safely home, I wanted to email a few
old friends, especially my brother-in-law Joe Specht, our family’s very own
music historian, and tell them about my find.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>But I wanted to have my facts straight, so first I googled Freda and the Firedogs
and found that Bobby Earl Smith, Firedog bass player and vocalist, is now an
Austin attorney as well as a recording artist, and he maintains the Firedogs
website at: <a href="http://www.fredafiredogs.com/index.html">http://www.fredafiredogs.com/index.html</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">You can order a Freda and the Firedogs CD consisting of
the 12 original cuts the band made on a demo tape for Jerry Wexler in
1972.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The website has a terrific
history of the band written by Joe Nick Patoski, as well as photos, poster art, and reviews.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The music cuts include traditional
country tunes like Hank Williams’ “Jambalaya,” Loretta Lynn’s “Fist City” and
on to Taj Majal’s arrangement of “EZ Rider,” and a couple of original tunes by
Bobby Earl Smith. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Freda and The
Firedogs:<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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Marcia Ball – piano and vocals<o:p></o:p></div>
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John X. Reed – guitar and harmony vocals<o:p></o:p></div>
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Bobby Earl Smith – bass and vocals<o:p></o:p></div>
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Steve McDaniels – drums<o:p></o:p></div>
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David Cook – steel guitar and rhythm guitar<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">Recorded August 10-12, 1972, Robin Hood Studios, Tyler
Texas</div><o:p></o:p></div>
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Produced by Jerry Wexler, </div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">The CD is a reasonable $15. Be sure to ask Bobby Earl
about his own CD, “Turn Row Blues”––“9 new original songs and four old
favorites,” featuring James Burton, Lloyd Maines, John X. Reed, Casper
Rawls, Freddie Krc, Eric Smith, Warren Hood, and Bobby Earl Smith.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">The longed-for poster will soon be on my wall, and the
original sound of Freda and the Firedogs floats to me through the air from 1974; life is good––go out and hear some
music you will remember.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>2015 Addendum:</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">The University of Texas Press published <i>Homegrown, Austin Music Posters 1967 to 1982</i>, from the Wittliff Collections at Texas State University in San Marcos, and edited by Alan Schaefer. A book (and poster) signing event was held at TSU on March 1, and my wife, Debbie, and I grabbed a handful of our old Armadillo posters and showed up.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Armadillo poster artists on hand to sign posters included Jim Franklin, Kerry Awn, Guy Juke, Danny Garrett, Sam Yeates, and Micael Priest! Yes, my personal favorite of the Austin poster artists, a genius with pen and ink, Michael Priest, was seated behind a table next to another Armadillo legend, Jim Franklin. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: x-large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgddMZ-ZPqQYs0nL_FKVEAvuEELosKoGs3OrZUyZNP24VAYf_uJLgqmIp0JGXYzIGbzeWAfms1CP26WdIfouRZTl7chpB_3i79mg2_pAXC6I4_n61cd2pXYuPljhNN8Ay9WabZ5nztLHL1RfsNDhBiiF2x_PiOB8ZUsnUUAsrq-PeA-Ksa7itgHgI3y/s2839/PriestFastDraw%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2839" data-original-width="1800" height="454" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgddMZ-ZPqQYs0nL_FKVEAvuEELosKoGs3OrZUyZNP24VAYf_uJLgqmIp0JGXYzIGbzeWAfms1CP26WdIfouRZTl7chpB_3i79mg2_pAXC6I4_n61cd2pXYuPljhNN8Ay9WabZ5nztLHL1RfsNDhBiiF2x_PiOB8ZUsnUUAsrq-PeA-Ksa7itgHgI3y/w288-h454/PriestFastDraw%20copy.jpg" width="288" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Micael Priest self-portrait, 1977</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: x-large; text-align: center;"><br /></div></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>We bought four copies of this beautiful book and stood in line for each attending artist, as well as the writers and the editor to sign them. </span><span>As I reached Priest and Franklin, Debbie stood behind me and fed me our collection of Armadillo posters as the artists signed 'em. Both Priest and Franklin examined the posters closely and were impressed that they were original. Micael Priest had not been doing well for some time, and he died in September 2018. I was pleased that I had been able to tell him how much pleasure his art had brought me.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">Of course, one of the posters he signed for me was Marcia Ball, Freda and the Firedogs. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>December 31, 2017 Addendum:</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">My sister and brother-in-law invited Debbie and I to see Johnny Nicholas and Marcia Ball performing a New Year's Eve show at Nicholas' Hill Top Cafe, just north of Fredericksburg. I had been lucky enough to have a few brief conversations over the years with Marcia Ball when she attended the art shows where Debbie and I sold our creations, but a chance to see her and Johnny Nicholas perform on New Year's Eve could not be missed. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu_C1n1aXaLhsHLUKiz7bRv9zSHD9kDKCuncEV4HWDy0RIv1pzpY8deKPfCOzYrqrzSw8rZCfLfgiti6MXfAzxDbu1KDxbd9CwjnkshiGlndlKnDWLXeHjT30B4smVnrJ6jjft2LZQ8CrmOgd3TLAxnBvC2kJraJs6i2j5-dDwAMYcAKcm3pzW1Ob_/s2400/hilltop17.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1483" data-original-width="2400" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu_C1n1aXaLhsHLUKiz7bRv9zSHD9kDKCuncEV4HWDy0RIv1pzpY8deKPfCOzYrqrzSw8rZCfLfgiti6MXfAzxDbu1KDxbd9CwjnkshiGlndlKnDWLXeHjT30B4smVnrJ6jjft2LZQ8CrmOgd3TLAxnBvC2kJraJs6i2j5-dDwAMYcAKcm3pzW1Ob_/w418-h259/hilltop17.jpg" width="418" /></a></div>Johnny Nicholas, Marcia Ball, Hill Top Cafe 12/31/2017<br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>To skip to the end of this long Freda story, we had a great time watching the performers and listening to their music in this perfect, small venue. I reintroduced myself to Marcia, and she graciously chatted with us about Austin music history and signed the Freda Poster; it is framed and hanging within sight as I type. I'm grateful to have had a chance to rub shoulders with folks like Micael Priest and Marcia Ball!</span><span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXs3ZJ8Y1uuY9rY-Tz-Gk63BUIdzrr9Z4TVTl-CuupplH692yaGYYyO7A2EH9KtzDBgXl0mngVbiP58EYutgz6Id0MPWQP7ZIF4LWiXYuWt53-z-1iJvauXvYwlGYwM8V8KuKoQHa-gF7rcnuCillP1nT9DfnBiGtTwn339py2NyF6Fe3VwdA0unGa/s1067/MarciaHillTop17.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXs3ZJ8Y1uuY9rY-Tz-Gk63BUIdzrr9Z4TVTl-CuupplH692yaGYYyO7A2EH9KtzDBgXl0mngVbiP58EYutgz6Id0MPWQP7ZIF4LWiXYuWt53-z-1iJvauXvYwlGYwM8V8KuKoQHa-gF7rcnuCillP1nT9DfnBiGtTwn339py2NyF6Fe3VwdA0unGa/s320/MarciaHillTop17.JPG" width="240" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Marcia Ball, Hill Top Cafe 12/31/17</div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Baskerville;"><a href="http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/t/tseliot106865.html"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration: none;">You are the music while the music lasts.</span></a></span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Baskerville;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Baskerville;"><a href="http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/t/t_s_eliot.html"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration: none;">T. S. Eliot</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Note: There was a brief reunion of the Firedogs with all the original musicians at Soap Creek Saloon in 1979, for the recording of an LP, "Live from the Old Soap Creek Saloon Austin, Texas" (Big Wheel Records) with special guest Sir Doug Sahm, but finding a copy of that LP will be a lot tougher than finding a Firedogs poster.<br />
<br />
Wanna hear some '72 Freda and the Firedogs? <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlGUMJ0ojRY">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlGUMJ0ojRY</a><br />
<br />
Or Marcia Ball a little more recently? <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ri8FMzc3Yt8">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ri8FMzc3Yt8</a><br />
<br />
More about Michael Priest: <a href="http://www.austinchronicle.com/arts/2006-10-06/408173/">http://www.austinchronicle.com/arts/2006-10-06/408173/</a><br />
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The “Pancho and Lefty” Video with images from the interior of the Alamo Hotel and the Alamo Lounge: <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxzJAF1BxP4">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxzJAF1BxP4</a><br />
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A good 2002 essay by Nancy Meredith about some of the eccentric tenants of the Alamo: <a href="http://2merediths.com/Nancy/rememberingtheal.html">http://2merediths.com/Nancy/rememberingtheal.html</a><br />
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A site with 1981 Alamo Lounge photos by Dana Kolflat:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="http://www.behance.net/gallery/Austin-Songwriters-(Alamo-Lounge-Spellmans-EmmaJoes)/5654813">http://www.behance.net/gallery/Austin-Songwriters-(Alamo-Lounge-Spellmans-EmmaJoes)/5654813</a></span><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>
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<!--EndFragment-->Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-84502994659183652832012-12-18T11:07:00.004-08:002022-10-29T15:25:55.521-07:00LINCOLN SLEPT HERE, 25¢<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Recently, after seeing the movie, "Lincoln," I was reminded of a postcard that I purchased a few years ago. </span><br />
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I buy, sell, and collect antique postcards as a hobby, and I particularly like cards with interesting messages on the back. Most of the messages run along the lines of "I'm fine. How are you?," "I hope Grandma is feeling better," or "Wish you were here," but occasionally you find something more interesting than that. This blog post is about a card that came out of a dealer's twenty-five-cent sale box at a postcard show and about the card's surprising message.</span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">York, PA postcard show 2012</span></div>
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Postcards in sale boxes are usually common or damaged, but there are always customers for them. Beginning collectors often start their collections from the sale boxes, and artists buy them for collage work or ideas. More advanced collectors and dealers also go through the sale boxes, looking for a "gemstone" in the "gravel." They might find a card that the seller didn't recognize as valuable or a damaged copy of a card that will suffice until a better one turns up. Often the find is just a postcard that appeals to the eye or reminds one of another time or place. </span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span></span>When shopping for postcards at a sale, I go through sale boxes at a fast pace. There are often hundreds of cards in each box, and I count on a very quick look to tell me when to pause. The card pictured below appealed to me on two levels: first, it was an early Japanese postcard with an attractive, hand-tinted rural scene; and second, I knew that many early Japanese cards have significant value. This card’s printed back has no dividing line between an address space and a message space, meaning it was printed before 1907. The edges of the card had a little wear, and it had been written on and postmarked in 1948. These changes were acceptable, but unfortunately, it had a small discolored and rough area on the back where some of the surface of the paper was missing––perhaps where a sticker or a piece of tape had been removed. Collectors of this type of foreign postcard want cards in excellent condition, but at twenty-five-cents, this card seemed to be bargain.<br /></span>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span">Are you still with me? Remember that I mentioned Lincoln? We're getting there––just had to set the scene. Some buyers would lose interest after seeing the card's poor condition, but I always hope the message tells a good story... </span><br />
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The message on this was neatly written in ink and while the card was mailed in 1948, my guess is that the card was produced about 1905. Glancing at the message, I saw that the name "Lincoln" appeared several times. That got my attention, of course, and here's the payoff:</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span">Message:</span></span><br />
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</span></div></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin: 0px;"><div style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: large;">8-4-48. The card you mailed in the Mailomat at Chicago shows a Lincoln statue in Lincoln Park. </span></i></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin: 0px;"><div style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: large;">Any Lincoln card is always of interest in this household, especially to Mrs. Matthews. Her father used to sleep with Abraham Lincoln. Her grandfather, Joshua Wagenseller, and Mr. Lincoln were long time friends, beginning when Mr. Lincoln practiced law in Springfield and Pekin, Illinois. Whenever Mr. Lincoln came to Pekin for a term of court, he was always entertained at the Wagenseller home as long as he stayed in Pekin. </span></i></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin: 0px;"><div style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: large;">Mrs. Matthews spent the first twenty-two years of her life in that big Wagenseller home so full of Abraham Lincoln reminders. Thanks for the fine cards. </span></i></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin: 0px;"><div style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: large;">Sincerely, Will C. Matthews, 2310 Fort St., Omaha, Nebr</span></i></div></div></div></blockquote><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin: 0px;">
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Back at my computer, Internet research revealed that Joshua Wagenseller was a successful Pekin, Illinois businessman, an ardent abolitionist and a good friend of Abraham Lincoln. In fact, President Lincoln offered Mr. Wagenseller a cabinet position, but Wagenseller declined due to his extensive business interests. </span><br />
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Lincoln also had strong ties to Pekin, Illinois, and in 1862 he gathered a group of men there to establish the first council of the Union League of America to promote patriotism and loyalty to the Union during the Civil War.</span><br />
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So, the postcard message seems to be legitimate and it tells a Lincoln story that may not be recorded anywhere else. But of course it gets better doesn't it? The message says that Mrs. Matthews' father "used to <i>sleep with</i> Abraham Lincoln."</span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span">In recent years there has been some speculation that Lincoln might have been bisexual, based in part on the fact that, as a young lawyer in Springfield, Illinois, he shared a bed for four years with Joshua Speed, a local businessman. This postcard gives us another instance of Mr. Lincoln possibly sharing a bed, or perhaps just a bedroom, with a male––Mrs. Matthews' father, the son of Joshua Wagenseller. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span"><br /></span><span class="Apple-style-span">It's an interesting bit of history and open to speculation I suppose, but in the 19th century it was quite common for people of the same sex to share a bed. In many instances, bed space was scarce or expensive, and a comfortable sleeping space was not to be wasted. In fact, when necessary, unmarried house guests of the opposite sex sometimes shared a bed. In such cases a wooden plank called a "bundling board" was often set between them to ensure no "accidental" touching occurred during the night. </span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span">In my opinion, these reported sleeping arrangements for Mr. Lincoln are only evidence that even the great Abraham Lincoln needed a good night's sleep like other mortals. </span><span class="Apple-style-span">Rest in peace, President Lincoln. </span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span">So, that's the 25¢ Lincoln story. If you look closely, you can see the price written lightly in pencil on the back of the card. I'd say it was a bargain and a good example of the small treasures that are out there if you keep your eyes open.</span><br />
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BTW, see the Spielberg movie, "Lincoln" as soon as you can. Daniel Day-Lewis is as close as you will ever get to the real Lincoln. Tommy Lee Jones and Sally Field are both terrific, and James Spader almost steals the show. One must keep in mind, however, that the true story is always much more complex than a movie version.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span">To see a broader view of people who influenced Lincoln, like Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, and Harriet Beecher Stowe, you might want to check out the PBS documentary, "The Abolitionists." Here's a link to a review of it written by Mary McNamara of the LA Times:</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #292727; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #292727; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/showtracker/la-et-st-abolitionists-20130108,0,1215367.story">http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/showtracker/la-et-st-abolitionists-20130108,0,1215367.story</a></span><br />
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-57469302604270643552012-06-30T10:13:00.010-07:002022-12-11T13:01:19.393-08:00No Angel: A Seaside Mystery<br />
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<span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Here's a modest but intriguing mystery I encountered recently and one that I hope you can help me solve. In 1996, our son Ned was stationed in Hawaii, and his sister, her husband Steve, and I visited Ned on Oahu for a week. During the trip we took a flight to the "Big Island," the Island of Hawaii, for a
one-day volcano tour and near the end of the trip, I snapped this photograph on a black sand beach not too far from Hilo. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">The photo shows the top of a low wall at the beach's edge where someone had spelled out, "I'M NO ANGEL," with
small shells embedded in the mortar on top of the wall, and signed the message,
"Mae."</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times; font-size: x-large;">Like so many others, when I travel, I often photograph scenic views, but I also look for the small traces of
individual lives and ephemeral moments––window displays, graffiti, folk art––odd things left behind as time moves on. These things feel like connections or even messages from someone else who passed that way earlier. The note left in
shells on this wall was certainly intriguing, and worth consideration. "I'm
no angel" One could imagine a number of stories that could be hidden in
that message––lost love, despair, repentance, renewal––any number of possibilities come to mind. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">The mystery of the message seemed to float into my
head whenever the subject of Hawaii came up. A few years later, on a whim,
I searched the internet for that message, and I found that Mae
West had made a movie in 1933, titled, "I'm No Angel," co-starring with a young Cary Grant. Mae West was a box office sensation at the time,
and this ribald, satirical comedy about a woman from the wrong side of the
tracks was a big hit. West wrote both the story and the screenplay. The
movie also included the title song, "I'm No Angel."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times; font-size: x-large;">Is it possible that Mae West visited Hawaii and left this message, or did a movie fan
write this while the mortar was fresh? Our volcano tour guide that day told me that he had never noticed it.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">My friend Charlie Dahlberg grew up in Hawaii near Hilo on
the Big Island, but lives in Connecticut now and I see him once a year or so
when we take kayak/canoe river trips with other friends. I asked him about
this message from "not-an-angel," but he knew nothing of it. On his next trip to Hawaii he searched for this rock wall using my vague location suggestions but without success.</span></span><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: xx-large;"> I can't pinpoint exactly where I
took the photograph. There was no one
else on the beach when we visited, and no boat docks nearby. It seems like it was a semi-isolated stretch of black-sand beach east of Hilo.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">I have searched using Google Earth, and by following along the
roads we drove that day, my best guess is that the site was
near Keaukaha Beach Park, Hawaii, but that's only a guess. I recently
sent Charlie a scan of the photo and he passed it along to his relatives in
Hawaii. Their suggestions are Hilo Bay or the old Pu'umaile Hospital
site at the end of Kalaniana'ole.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Did Mae West put this inscription on the wall?
It seems unlikely, as I find no reference on the internet of Miss West ever
visiting Hawaii. (However, see later notes below.) If Mae didn't write it, who did? We may
never know, but it is a fun little puzzle to work with. I would be quite
happy if someone else could identify the spot and take a current photo of it,
if it still exists. There have been a number of strong storms that struck
this area throughout the years, including a tsunami in 2011, so it's possible
that the wall no longer stands.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">So, if you blog readers find anything, have any
ideas, or know the answer – "... come on up and see me sometime" –
well, at least by email.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">7/2/12 Note: As you can see by the second comment below, it appears that there is a good chance that Mae did visit Hawaii in 1934, the year after the movie. Did she leave us this note?</span><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;">3/20/2021: Here's a shot of a small advertising poster for "I'm No Angel" from the Paramount Theater in Austin from 1933 or 1934. Note the suggestion at the bottom that the "kiddies" might be better off next door at the State Theater. (In the 1960s, when I was a student at the University of Texas, one could catch the outgoing movie at the Paramount and a "sneak preview" of next week's film at the State Theater for one ticket. Heck of a deal for a student!)</span></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBBm9VaWMAaG7gZpRTrn7dU6LsMFv_AigsNvJmgnfAXecjZ-cjSPINjYqTH54SVJCyqANHXHL7P3wqjJIn29Y5sCnK3sfBr0EsAWhJxvvXAn7TVJwUkyb8xunCqS9oLmVrrj-Ri1mWHYk/s2048/NoAngelParamount.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1695" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBBm9VaWMAaG7gZpRTrn7dU6LsMFv_AigsNvJmgnfAXecjZ-cjSPINjYqTH54SVJCyqANHXHL7P3wqjJIn29Y5sCnK3sfBr0EsAWhJxvvXAn7TVJwUkyb8xunCqS9oLmVrrj-Ri1mWHYk/w331-h400/NoAngelParamount.jpg" width="331" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #45818e; font-size: large;">"It's better to be looked over, than overlooked." – Mae West</span></span></i></b></div><br /> </span></div><div>
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</span></div>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-37339500325370839212012-05-18T09:05:00.004-07:002022-10-27T14:21:17.098-07:00blue<div style="text-align: center;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Sometimes an image and a title are all a poem needs.</span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmI5S_SIVhdnkYyE-iJSBmr0_YR8aoklwm-odPb3eyejOIJoREMyfQvg-_BaQyIVMnqQhFQsYy4SYe-EMvw-Sw3IrKan2jss98So4I5z2BK189j5nSt1KRbPsDbkgi1FnM06BczhkmwwMUenvij_sGhrtM80V8ceOUY-OToMGIYhhZLBQWIwcA7-VQ/s1637/blue.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1030" data-original-width="1637" height="371" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmI5S_SIVhdnkYyE-iJSBmr0_YR8aoklwm-odPb3eyejOIJoREMyfQvg-_BaQyIVMnqQhFQsYy4SYe-EMvw-Sw3IrKan2jss98So4I5z2BK189j5nSt1KRbPsDbkgi1FnM06BczhkmwwMUenvij_sGhrtM80V8ceOUY-OToMGIYhhZLBQWIwcA7-VQ/w590-h371/blue.jpg" width="590" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Winter on the Blue</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">This postcard was sent in 1909 from Emma in De Witt, Nebraska to Mr. Harry Witte, in the same town. </span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">De Witt is on the Big Blue River in Southeastern Nebraska. Kudos to the unknown photographer and the printer who tinted the postcard.</span>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-41230356261355143842012-04-23T11:53:00.036-07:002022-10-29T09:15:14.990-07:00Dady and Baby<p><br /></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i><span style="font-family: Times;">Originally published on Blogger 4/23/2012, a revised and expanded version of this entry appears in </span><span style="font-family: Times;">Snapshots and Short Notes</span><span style="font-family: Times;">, Kenneth Wilson, University of North Texas Press, 2020.</span></i></span></p></blockquote></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">On October 14, 1908, an oilfield roughneck sent a real photo postcard from Petrolia, Texas, to Lorman, Mississippi with this message: </span></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">"This is a picture of the rotary well machine on which I am working. Those are the bits marked dady (sic) and baby. The large is the one we stidit (sic) with & the small one finishes up the hole. P. K."</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></span></span> </p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">A later note on the card says, "Pressley & his work." Pressley may not have been able to spell very well (no pun intended), but he left us a detailed view of his job on an early rotary drilling rig in the West Texas oil patch. I think that must be Pressley in the foreground nearest to the "named" drill bits.</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQcy3h8FEoBble_oEERO9JrI-yz_hXV28UOzNO3I1DpFOq0qHT3q57DPGEPnqnwYxljK0p03k1dygSNbgOvyPtV69o-848nVNH7Er6WQ7pQUlJrSZkRylXIsA0Y51LWra9MsZrAkTNSwBbDLK1JVcWf4w-G8H8Wsf3OFTVavrLRxRuOyDi2ew7IbVo/s1626/roughnecksII.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1048" data-original-width="1626" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQcy3h8FEoBble_oEERO9JrI-yz_hXV28UOzNO3I1DpFOq0qHT3q57DPGEPnqnwYxljK0p03k1dygSNbgOvyPtV69o-848nVNH7Er6WQ7pQUlJrSZkRylXIsA0Y51LWra9MsZrAkTNSwBbDLK1JVcWf4w-G8H8Wsf3OFTVavrLRxRuOyDi2ew7IbVo/w493-h318/roughnecksII.jpg" width="493" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSiN2wBTtHmJLSlJtFi2Z2xnhNvi93ytIg8q3h33jUiXRsUnJRK7whzObIiEVc78NxuR7acMLCxwp9K9jAyGcLEjay9uU6ymMDyfXBp1v_VvuNXpio_iXZGJRfccGE6dwfarEe7HBzR5A6H9jZC-UqTvcvF4Dl-MRHYtj2BHUA-nAHjNhF6AhI53hs/s1626/roughnecksbk.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1048" data-original-width="1626" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSiN2wBTtHmJLSlJtFi2Z2xnhNvi93ytIg8q3h33jUiXRsUnJRK7whzObIiEVc78NxuR7acMLCxwp9K9jAyGcLEjay9uU6ymMDyfXBp1v_VvuNXpio_iXZGJRfccGE6dwfarEe7HBzR5A6H9jZC-UqTvcvF4Dl-MRHYtj2BHUA-nAHjNhF6AhI53hs/w489-h315/roughnecksbk.jpg" width="489" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">If you look closely, you will see the smaller bit, "baby," sitting on top of the large "daddy" bit. The men have stopped work for a quick snapshot, and you can see both fatigue and pride in their poses. We can see the photographer's shadow in the foreground, and the hand tools, the other drill bits, and the rotary rig itself are clearly visible on the wooden rig floor.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju0fm_CrKKbGLUpicemglHiWwkxWJ4xvECM1Yv_Q02JigyZStdZZSNCbkVP-36OkAVvVjabLQfgFpUObnOqxPmBdei53rm9uEFMyfS1ncpjrNxZhu1_MGKrb5T9E8pQAlMmOclNJNFbCjC2LQ2pZeArJ8jNLqSfk146aGnIIvlPwjipNhaA94H6KMG/s1200/roughnecksdetail.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="990" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju0fm_CrKKbGLUpicemglHiWwkxWJ4xvECM1Yv_Q02JigyZStdZZSNCbkVP-36OkAVvVjabLQfgFpUObnOqxPmBdei53rm9uEFMyfS1ncpjrNxZhu1_MGKrb5T9E8pQAlMmOclNJNFbCjC2LQ2pZeArJ8jNLqSfk146aGnIIvlPwjipNhaA94H6KMG/s320/roughnecksdetail.jpg" width="264" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">In 1901, a rancher in Clay County, just below the Texas-Oklahoma border, was attempting to drill a water well but <span style="color: #333333;">struck oil at 263 feet, thus opening the first oilfield in North Texas. A small shantytown known as Oil City, quickly grew up in the area, but in 1905, most residents moved to nearby Petrolia, located on the new Wichita Falls and Oklahoma Railroad. By late 1905, Petrolia boasted a hotel, bank, drugstore, barbershop, livery stable, dry-goods store, hardware store, furniture store, meat market, lumberyard, ice house, two oilfield-supply stores, and a cotton gin. Despite these amenities, the town was still a rough-and-ready oil boom town, and alcohol consumption, gambling, and prostitution flourished.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #333333;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">In 1908, cable tool rigs still dominated the drilling process, and this cable tool rig was the new technology. The drilling crew on a rotary rig was generally five in number: driller, derrickman, motor man, and two floor hands. All of them except the driller are usually referred to as roughnecks. In this photograph perhaps the man in the background with cleaner clothes is the driller, and the photographer may be the fifth crew member.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />In the scan of the back of the postcard, you can see that Pressley left an oily thumbprint just above the Petrolia cancellation mark. Small details like that thumbprint, the lack of hard hats, and the greasy overalls and gloves tell us a lot about a roughneck's job, but they don't convey the cold winters and blazing hot summers of the Texas-Oklahoma border, nor do they tell us of the long hours and the dangers of work on an oil rig. In that fall of 1908, I hope P. K. went home with good money in his pocket and to someone he could spend it on.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span><span style="font-size: medium;"><i><span style="color: #330000;"><span style="font-family: times;">No man is born into the world whose work<br />Is not born with him; there is always work<br />And tools to work withal, for those who will....</span></span></i><span style="color: #330000;"><br /><span style="font-family: times;">–– James Russell Lowell</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: x-large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p></div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-62995530202512476352012-04-22T17:01:00.028-07:002022-12-29T09:32:25.709-08:00What's Up Doc?<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVZn7rp7svcsJtLdjJuQ5IdPWFFdOEcyKkcr_LPvAYGGRljIpIzcQZR9n7-H-tLsnG5wxuuHOSHh1-N1vpDFOJR-Pjelx7ix2A4bu2lD7EUbxpaKY5l-yyNJp_ma9tluh5T4lfJeOa4R0q0aLtcCMtczMYzJP10v3R_fJqUythXLEs48u7yoB5LZcz/s1620/C8.6a%20copy.doc.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1620" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVZn7rp7svcsJtLdjJuQ5IdPWFFdOEcyKkcr_LPvAYGGRljIpIzcQZR9n7-H-tLsnG5wxuuHOSHh1-N1vpDFOJR-Pjelx7ix2A4bu2lD7EUbxpaKY5l-yyNJp_ma9tluh5T4lfJeOa4R0q0aLtcCMtczMYzJP10v3R_fJqUythXLEs48u7yoB5LZcz/w507-h334/C8.6a%20copy.doc.jpg" width="507" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl2STTNBSUJvzwasNIdDbBTMdNhXHcuiix1WDb7DBdHbOWVqDoh7_Zd2nzaB9gY9RORQPBb7EhnPXpwwcZle218Xgpqy_MWRVgmErox_q9xKPUZrUb1Z5Z9Xr0TBBlHgEWsoH_ymQJXbzVGYbvbmVQ7yRoR7Czig-0r5bPP8tNHX1oRwDWHylU5CFZ/s1620/C8.6b.docbk%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1016" data-original-width="1620" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl2STTNBSUJvzwasNIdDbBTMdNhXHcuiix1WDb7DBdHbOWVqDoh7_Zd2nzaB9gY9RORQPBb7EhnPXpwwcZle218Xgpqy_MWRVgmErox_q9xKPUZrUb1Z5Z9Xr0TBBlHgEWsoH_ymQJXbzVGYbvbmVQ7yRoR7Czig-0r5bPP8tNHX1oRwDWHylU5CFZ/w390-h245/C8.6b.docbk%20copy.jpg" width="390" /></a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10.5pt; text-align: left;"> </span></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Times;">I am intrigued by old real photo postcards (RPPCs to collectors) that contain a lot of details––sometimes the details answer questions, but often they bring up new ones. Here's a great image of two young women in the Creighton, Nebraska Bakery. The card is postmarked 1909, and addressed to Miss Carrie Chappell in Spirit Lake, Iowa. The message, written by Etta Travis, says:<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></o:p></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Dear Friend, </i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Your card rec'd. Many thanks for same. Will send you a postal of the "Bakery." No. 1 is Miss Clytie Scott, and No. 2 is Miss Emma Brice, both of Creighton. My mother's folks live in Leon and Sparta, Wis. It is north of Madison. Hoping this will please you and to hear from you soon, </i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>I remain your E. C. E. Friend, </i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><i><span> <span> <span> <span> <span> <span> <span> <span> <span> <span> <span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></i></span></span><i>Etta S. Travis</i></p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">Okay, Etta gives us a bit of a story–– it seems that she exchanged postcards with friends but what is an E. C. E. friend? Perhaps some of you know. The other thing I'd like to know is, "What's up (Doc) with that rabbit?" The card was mailed two days after Easter, perhaps he just decided to just hang around.</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p></p>Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-85940655914202381522012-03-12T22:30:00.065-07:002022-12-28T10:29:44.480-08:00A Return to Vivoin<div style="text-align: center;">
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">I found the following two real photo postcards together at a postcard show/sale. It appeared that they might have been taken in France during WWI, as both had the customary postcard backs for that time and place, and the subjects appeared to be American soldiers in a French village. One of the cards had the word "VIVOIN" written in ink on the front of the card; however, there was no other identifying information. </span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYvfwWw7jFEAV3yqtCn2LRGVpfCuVnxDpCtdzyoCLxvJNh9qwDUPBajxJfY_2xr2jTBry0CfqPUQ_2EagabU4xV5Avi4Vx9_Eya-3PcRAdjc6MvyrpR_VHDYH8i8gJwh9o1jA4SgUrpas/s1600/Vivoin1918.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYvfwWw7jFEAV3yqtCn2LRGVpfCuVnxDpCtdzyoCLxvJNh9qwDUPBajxJfY_2xr2jTBry0CfqPUQ_2EagabU4xV5Avi4Vx9_Eya-3PcRAdjc6MvyrpR_VHDYH8i8gJwh9o1jA4SgUrpas/w486-h310/Vivoin1918.jpg" width="486" /></a></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWoH94yIdQos13WzVP9DZlOVUWPIHXrT89MJNVyxTnHqFgMlfa41lDRkMVqY0L5uXza1sjEJ6NaRBcOwFe7RwhiDj3X1r61IAMnGaCwbPv6YZS5AuicIt3x448oscPiWL2DgACFAk4cr0/s1600/Vivoin1918Church.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWoH94yIdQos13WzVP9DZlOVUWPIHXrT89MJNVyxTnHqFgMlfa41lDRkMVqY0L5uXza1sjEJ6NaRBcOwFe7RwhiDj3X1r61IAMnGaCwbPv6YZS5AuicIt3x448oscPiWL2DgACFAk4cr0/w480-h312/Vivoin1918Church.jpg" width="480" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Here's a detail from the first photo. Take a look at the French citizens on the left and make note of the young girl with the large white hat with the ribbon on it.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbF8a3Ik_4fE9Mz_gq8Wiwood5AFANYSj4BuoFjTnSvAmpEwv9-JQYHbK4lNv5qPZXFsFEiHKu2-pMW-azS9q30fs8WqM5UVD4RPQjW_ElTyxGW_SNyGXd1g5o2eJpeM2RXqH0K53Q-O8/s1600/Vivoin1918detail1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbF8a3Ik_4fE9Mz_gq8Wiwood5AFANYSj4BuoFjTnSvAmpEwv9-JQYHbK4lNv5qPZXFsFEiHKu2-pMW-azS9q30fs8WqM5UVD4RPQjW_ElTyxGW_SNyGXd1g5o2eJpeM2RXqH0K53Q-O8/w482-h301/Vivoin1918detail1.jpg" width="482" /></a></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">And, a detail from the second photo:</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNv5ZSH_BgJYFTUpXwv1ECx7bA3YJn4GTw94cc7YaIqKxbJkgRjlxpowH_FiXv7XNQh5-dblxvvPZQ5eUSVjNmSwgAFrLwJWFcWVD6OjeEjGYQR0xGHgDVKDuvC2A6Px3NkhHHqKg1ylg/s1600/Vivoin1918Churchdetail1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNv5ZSH_BgJYFTUpXwv1ECx7bA3YJn4GTw94cc7YaIqKxbJkgRjlxpowH_FiXv7XNQh5-dblxvvPZQ5eUSVjNmSwgAFrLwJWFcWVD6OjeEjGYQR0xGHgDVKDuvC2A6Px3NkhHHqKg1ylg/w484-h214/Vivoin1918Churchdetail1.jpg" width="484" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">I really like the pose of the automobile driver––everything about him says, "France, 1918." Do you see the girl with the white hat again, standing next to her mother? It seems that the soldiers were checking out the town, and the citizens were taking a look at the American doughboys. Imagine the conversations that took place or were attempted that day! </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWoH94yIdQos13WzVP9DZlOVUWPIHXrT89MJNVyxTnHqFgMlfa41lDRkMVqY0L5uXza1sjEJ6NaRBcOwFe7RwhiDj3X1r61IAMnGaCwbPv6YZS5AuicIt3x448oscPiWL2DgACFAk4cr0/s1600/Vivoin1918Church.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"></span></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">The obvious first step toward investigating these images was to look up the name Vivoin. As I suspected, it's a small French village, or more properly, in French terms, a commune in western France in the region of Pays-de-la-Loire. The town of Saint-Nazaire, which is southwest of Vivoin, became an important WWI debarkation port for US troops, especially in the latter stages of the war.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">The United States entered WWI in 1917, and American troops began to arrive in France as the American Expeditionary Force in June of that year, but they did not enter the front-line trenches in divisional strength until October. Vivoin is located far from the Western Front, but the troops in these photos likely would have been on their way to or from the front. French, British, Canadian, and Russian troops had been engaged in very desperate and bloody battles against the Germans since 1914, and the arrival of the Americans provided a much-needed enhancement in troops, equipment, and morale.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">(See 2021 Addendum below. These photos may date to 1919, as American troops were headed home.)</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><o:p></o:p></p>
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</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">To confirm that these photos were indeed of Vivoin, France, I turned to Google Earth. I am still amazed by with this piece of technology. I can remember standing in the backyard with my Dad in 1957, watching Sputnik cross the sky, and in the 1980s, Dad, who was a pilot, delighted in showing us the navigation uses of the LORAN––a recently-available, long-range radio navigation system. He </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">was a fast learner on the home computer in its early days, and he </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">saw the coming development of GPS, but he never saw anything like Google Maps or Google Earth. </span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Google Maps/Google Earth allow earth-bound folks like me to fly––as if on a magic carpet––and land almost anywhere. Since Vivoin is a small community I transported myself to the largest intersection in town and took a look around.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Here's what I found on my first attempt:</span><br /><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDW_2uRc7Chw2ZPve3CFiCTbXQzti3XFQlfD4U78AYC-pflyz1q_CWmcFlv-ka5qta8ZmmhFcEQ9GdYN6BwXyBbVx-dqbYFLffoQzedTBaOfbFWLU_bgWKtI3NVn53OYM4RzsN_2Z7n4c/s1600/VivoinA2011+copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="329" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDW_2uRc7Chw2ZPve3CFiCTbXQzti3XFQlfD4U78AYC-pflyz1q_CWmcFlv-ka5qta8ZmmhFcEQ9GdYN6BwXyBbVx-dqbYFLffoQzedTBaOfbFWLU_bgWKtI3NVn53OYM4RzsN_2Z7n4c/w437-h329/VivoinA2011+copy.jpg" width="437" /></span></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Look familiar? Here's a slightly different view:</span><br /><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKMhtSQBPjhzhIVAH-Bwi-p_jFii5VqFVBn-bzj6yHNiXQwbjgwIEQ0YS7JX4zOKTVAKBUw2knLRJ_Crl79LH28WhmNu9_lYy5VeFjfRl6Jbh2L8mravPiz6CEGI3W9deQ3jdLVPIrgHE/s1600/VivoinAa2011+copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKMhtSQBPjhzhIVAH-Bwi-p_jFii5VqFVBn-bzj6yHNiXQwbjgwIEQ0YS7JX4zOKTVAKBUw2knLRJ_Crl79LH28WhmNu9_lYy5VeFjfRl6Jbh2L8mravPiz6CEGI3W9deQ3jdLVPIrgHE/w428-h392/VivoinAa2011+copy.jpg" width="428" /></span></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Well, okie, dokie then––some details have changed––but look at the roofs, the dormers, the brick details on the top of the corner building, and the placement of windows and doors. It's the same place. We are looking north on Rue de Doucelles in Vivoin, France.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">I had one of the photos confirmed as to place, but I wanted to see if I could locate the other one. I turned my virtual self 90 degrees east in Google Earth, and here's what I saw:</span><br /><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW7FLvRJ-uzAoMCOjOujp0kMFtsdWZwiK_h_y42AwQ4ozj8z8l3m1S1FLMVptQYHOD3-_BHb3ITat0wQ3JwndClZL9Octq7g8pWTQoS3uSJ-ACiz4b2jov2tIJI27kYAtVrjNkp1sb8Ec/s1600/churchVivoin.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW7FLvRJ-uzAoMCOjOujp0kMFtsdWZwiK_h_y42AwQ4ozj8z8l3m1S1FLMVptQYHOD3-_BHb3ITat0wQ3JwndClZL9Octq7g8pWTQoS3uSJ-ACiz4b2jov2tIJI27kYAtVrjNkp1sb8Ec/w435-h284/churchVivoin.jpg" width="435" /></span></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">This is the church <span class="Apple-style-span">l’Eglise St. Hippolyte in Vivoin. Here are two more views: </span></span><br /><br />
<h2 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW2kejr4IupuiFSaFIm-Wz1IEixpnHGMt9T2Q8gj3oJ_oUPPM9fr0Kf0FKmbOdgKbHT04q2h8lTqXWNi5cja5tv4WYSaaJN5PatfwMULnzVu-Vpror3Bvm-GYl0OEPOxM4MzTIUoY_MCg/s1600/VivoinB2011+copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW2kejr4IupuiFSaFIm-Wz1IEixpnHGMt9T2Q8gj3oJ_oUPPM9fr0Kf0FKmbOdgKbHT04q2h8lTqXWNi5cja5tv4WYSaaJN5PatfwMULnzVu-Vpror3Bvm-GYl0OEPOxM4MzTIUoY_MCg/w434-h397/VivoinB2011+copy.jpg" width="434" /></span></a></h2>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5EPouKBfZWgYQ5mjRkdBN1wgGfQacCdXMb9QbWmAOMeEfQxyebzAKTtzjgluJNpUcx0VBsmnQVEKlU4iMcuxHk_yLICk2uAyyYly2PS9x7hw7I6lIBvpGdCO1HPwthqPp4dNZDPBAk30/s1600/VivoinC2011+copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="409" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5EPouKBfZWgYQ5mjRkdBN1wgGfQacCdXMb9QbWmAOMeEfQxyebzAKTtzjgluJNpUcx0VBsmnQVEKlU4iMcuxHk_yLICk2uAyyYly2PS9x7hw7I6lIBvpGdCO1HPwthqPp4dNZDPBAk30/w446-h409/VivoinC2011+copy.jpg" width="446" /></span></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">That's it. We're there. I can't read any patches or insignia on the 1918 uniforms, so we don't know who these troops were (See 5/7/21 note below) or anything about their war experiences or their lives after the war, but a century later, we can put ourselves on the same sidewalk. Since the girl in the hat and her mother had moved from one corner to another, we know the photos were probably taken only minutes apart, and that the citizens of Vivoin were following the soldiers as they took in the town. (As per the 5/7/21 note below, it is likely that these photos were snapped after the Armistice, and that both soldiers and civilians were in a justifiably jubilant mood.)</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">We've now had trip to France and a trip through time, compliments of the person who snapped the photos in 1918, the soldier who brought them home, and the magic carpet of Google Earth. I offer special thanks to the person who took a moment to write "Vivoin" on the photo.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(24, 24, 24); color: #181818; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: large;"><i><br /></i></span></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><span style="text-align: center;">If anyone from Vivoin happens across this blog, I'd be pleased to hear from you.</span></span>
</div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><span style="text-align: center;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><span style="text-align: center;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: times; font-size: large;"><i><p style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">“I'll just tell you what I remember</p><p style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"> because memory is as close as I've gotten to building my own time machine.” <i> </i></p></i></span></div></div></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #181818; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: large; line-height: 18px;"><i><br /></i></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large; line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">― Samantha Hunt,</span><span style="font-family: times;"> <i>The Invention of Everything Else</i></span></span></div>
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</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><b>May 7, 2021 Addendum</b>:</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Many thanks to Patrick Anstead of Fayetteville, NC, who provided the the photograph below of Company F, 2nd Battalion, posing in front of the church in Vivoin sometime between November, 1918, and February, 1919. He notes that it is possible that the photographs above in this blog entry are of the same unit. If any readers can shed light on that question, please leave a comment.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQocduvecQEpHgG257wuWuO5auqCOJdb1uG1YH8jYvVjjZpBsVp41kCfEtkoeqxJxvSPj4DzLJLcfOTPIKfArViyXD8fuTcBZX_usOipkYsV6afXFxZvjVsoNNhKZkEaBVuoqOSfx-jy4/s1858/Co+F+119th+Inf+France+Jan+18+1919.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1143" data-original-width="1858" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQocduvecQEpHgG257wuWuO5auqCOJdb1uG1YH8jYvVjjZpBsVp41kCfEtkoeqxJxvSPj4DzLJLcfOTPIKfArViyXD8fuTcBZX_usOipkYsV6afXFxZvjVsoNNhKZkEaBVuoqOSfx-jy4/w485-h299/Co+F+119th+Inf+France+Jan+18+1919.jpg" width="485" /></a></div></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbPjHQWWoHe2b8qDekBe_zKUj1olfMN5Fu57_5HJhwMP7Ybj5pm_izb-7ieLaJJZuEWx70I6cMZ_3KiydamH1wCZ72NSDRDKOepVxKuGktnnPgFqWkdJF4eFskwG0G_w0ueWOMAVFsXcwL6aH2VoJgagaDnU77TIV9L0VEt2bK0FYPrOYcrHgZMry-/s1512/backofphoto.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="1512" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbPjHQWWoHe2b8qDekBe_zKUj1olfMN5Fu57_5HJhwMP7Ybj5pm_izb-7ieLaJJZuEWx70I6cMZ_3KiydamH1wCZ72NSDRDKOepVxKuGktnnPgFqWkdJF4eFskwG0G_w0ueWOMAVFsXcwL6aH2VoJgagaDnU77TIV9L0VEt2bK0FYPrOYcrHgZMry-/w453-h120/backofphoto.jpg" width="453" /></a></div><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Company F saw heavy fighting on the Western Front and was part of the Allied Grand Offensive, also known as the Hundred Days Offensive (August to November</span><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"> 1918) which ended the First World War. Mr. Anstead also provided a link to:</span></span><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: x-large;"> </span><i style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">History, 119th Infantry, 60th Brigade, 30th Division, U.S.A., Operations in Belgium and France 1917-1919. <a href="https://docsouth.unc.edu/wwi/conway/conway.html">https://docsouth.unc.edu/wwi/conway/conway.html</a></span></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6662813569595604617.post-33057144821990026062012-01-31T14:13:00.007-08:002022-12-11T09:58:44.177-08:00Nebrasker Williams and the African Princess<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="text-align: start;"></span></span><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: Times;">One of the categories of old postcards that I collect is "walkers." Among postcard collectors, the genre of postcards portraying people who trekked long distances for reasons of health, publicity, competition, or personal objectives are known as “Walkers” whether the journey was made by foot, bicycle, dogsled, goat cart, or other non-motorized means of conveyance.</span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span">During the early part of the 20th century, "long-distance travelers," as they might be more accurately described traveled to fulfill personal goals, promote political or social causes, advertise an upcoming event such as a state fair, or simply as a means of livelihood, raising money by selling postcards or pamphlets about themselves along the way. We still occasionally see someone walking the highways today in support of a religious or social cause.</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">There are a lot of engrossing stories and images of early "walkers." Plennie L. Wingo walked from Abilene, Texas, to New York City in 1931 – backwards! In 1910, Fred Vaillancourt, a former railroad brakeman who had lost both legs in a railroad accident, traveled the country by dog cart, and the husband and wife team, Mr. and Mrs. D. H. Woolf, walked thousands of miles across the United States in 1909 accompanied by Dolly, a little bay mare who pulled their baggage wagon.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span">One famous American walker whose story I will save for another occasion, was Edward Payson Weston, often billed as the World's Greatest Walker, who was a "professional pedestrian" during the late 19th and early 20th century when long-distance walking was a popular spectator sport. </span><span style="font-family: Times;">See: Kenneth Wilson,</span><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><i style="font-family: Times;">Snapshots and Short Notes, Images and Messages of Early Twentieth-Century Photo Postcards</i><span style="font-family: Times;">, University of North Texas Press, 2020.</span></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0.5in 0.0001pt;"><i><span style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">I have seen many postcards and photographs of such travelers, but recently I came across an old printed blotter that advertised "Mr. and Mrs. Nebrasker Williams and their dog Big Boy." The couple billed themselves as "World Champion Walkers and Explorers." The image of the couple on this card is striking, even if poorly printed. For one thing, they were both black, and I am unaware of other photos or postcards of a person of color as a long-distance walker. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVpj1zYvKMsf0mKy2VK9azDKJ9v_qdHlGuwtJUvJj_YsT8DTkU__xJAK9IdO6r-eA_wVnBtK-U54BwJB_GaKk5NFvCPPlGyluK9wqcbUf4sAkxOYKVS6QTX0s37yTuhKwq9hAHEfmFIFc/s1600/bigboy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVpj1zYvKMsf0mKy2VK9azDKJ9v_qdHlGuwtJUvJj_YsT8DTkU__xJAK9IdO6r-eA_wVnBtK-U54BwJB_GaKk5NFvCPPlGyluK9wqcbUf4sAkxOYKVS6QTX0s37yTuhKwq9hAHEfmFIFc/s640/bigboy.jpg" width="344" /></span></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBccwmop7PlGOfkexb1-SMQjecnrN6oQIN5kyG1Gipz5wOIMJmRj3IbGy-PfmieOQM28KEdsFd-eWbIH1auvA9ilzY_HQkWMUAIF-eaIErA_Gu9PR8Q2BHZcajfwzLw-C1yQoFMoUkOTM/s1600/bigboydetail.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBccwmop7PlGOfkexb1-SMQjecnrN6oQIN5kyG1Gipz5wOIMJmRj3IbGy-PfmieOQM28KEdsFd-eWbIH1auvA9ilzY_HQkWMUAIF-eaIErA_Gu9PR8Q2BHZcajfwzLw-C1yQoFMoUkOTM/s640/bigboydetail.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">The information on the blotter asserts that the couple started from Shreveport, Louisiana, in 1926, intending to walk around the world. They sold blotters for 15 cents and solicited donations to finance their journey. While the printed information does not mention religion, Nebrasker is shown wearing a prominent Christian cross.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">A quick internet search revealed very little about Nebrasker Williams and his wife, especially as the search engine kept trying to change "Nebrasker" to "Nebraska." After some time, I found an article in <i>The California, Eagle </i>from 1945. <i>The Eagle</i> was an African American newspaper in Los Angeles from 1879 to 1964. It was founded by John J. Neimore, who had escaped slavery in Missouri before the Civil War.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span">The article in the <i>Eagle</i> was titled, "African Princess and Husband Visit in City of Angels." According to that article, Mrs. Williams' name was "Princess Quenda Buranghingtore Williams", and she was from Zulatribi, Cape Town, South Africa. The source further claimed that she and her husband were guests at a turkey dinner at the St. Paul Baptist Church in Los Angeles.</span><span> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">It was reported that the princess and her husband had been married for six years, and that Mr. Williams had walked 37,000 miles, and visited 51 countries, 48 states, and ten islands, during which time he had worn out 840 pairs of shoes. Mr. Williams claimed to have once been the guest of Mahatma Gandhi. Mrs. Williams, who described herself as "a native African girl," reported walking a total of 9,000 miles, and said that the couple had a collection of 521 "scrap books."</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Now, to me, that's a good story. I found no other references to Princess Quenda, and only one more for Nebrasker; on a website titled "These Americans," which described itself as a visual narrative from the archives of American history and pop culture, was a single photo titled "Nebrasker Williams The Walking Preacher." However, this site seems to no longer exist on the web.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUX7N9wbq97pp4peHgccGuJQTpMxI9ieWUkv8MyKCmwaOkHHGZHt35l4m6iW4Ev-w77OBtgqw-wrqI9RJKq2BhQfikHTVYshiU96vGA7AydrzR6dBu7IPXQu4RWe1ayE0UBiHKazZ9ldQ5Qei-ymjk6ZPQDEAl3dgSneGTVX4lNAz1xYt6uAZHCH7t/s1050/NebraskerPreacher.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1050" data-original-width="833" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUX7N9wbq97pp4peHgccGuJQTpMxI9ieWUkv8MyKCmwaOkHHGZHt35l4m6iW4Ev-w77OBtgqw-wrqI9RJKq2BhQfikHTVYshiU96vGA7AydrzR6dBu7IPXQu4RWe1ayE0UBiHKazZ9ldQ5Qei-ymjk6ZPQDEAl3dgSneGTVX4lNAz1xYt6uAZHCH7t/s320/NebraskerPreacher.jpg" width="254" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: medium;">Nebrasker Williams, Walking Preacher</span></div></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;">http://www.theseamericans.com/religion/press-collection-nebrasker-williams-the-walking-preacher/</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">(this site may no longer exist)</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span><span class="Apple-style-span">While we have some answers to the mystery surrounding Nebrasker Williams we don't seem to have all the facts. </span><span class="Apple-style-span">Is the Mrs. Williams portrayed in the blotter advertisement the same person as Princess Quenda? The 1945 newspaper article says that he and the princess had been married for 9 years, but the blotter information says that the couple pictured on it started walking in 1926, and "... the history of our lives from 5 years old." </span><span class="Apple-style-span"> </span><br /><br /><span class="Apple-style-span">What happened to the 521 scrapbooks? Where did Nebrasker walk next? </span><span class="Apple-style-span">I wish I could have asked Nebrasker what it was like to travel this country on foot as a black man in the 1920s, 30s and 40s. </span></span><span>So, there are still lots of unanswered questions to this narrative, and if you know some of the answers, let us know. In the meantime, keep on putting one foot ahead of the other.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span>
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<span class="Apple-style-span"><b>2/1/12 Additional Information:</b></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span">My sister, Joanne, who must be a better researcher than I am, found an article about "Nebraska" (rather than "Nebrasker") Williams, dated March 1, 1930, in <i>The Afro American</i>, a Baltimore newspaper. </span></span><span>The article says that Williams passed through Baltimore in 1927 and was again in the city in 1930, along with his wife, a sister, and "Big Boy," his bulldog. The article's author seems to be a bit skeptical about the walking claims of Mr. Williams.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span">In this article, Mr. Williams claimed to have begun his walk in London in 1926, rather than Shreveport, and he also claimed Montreal as a starting place. The newspaper writer says that despite numerous letters about his walk from various US city officials, Mr. Williams failed to show any evidence of having hiked in any foreign countries as he claimed. </span><span class="Apple-style-span"><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span">The <i>Afro American</i> does mention some of the problems that the Williams couple had in the south, including being arrested and forced to work on a prison farm for a month. Mrs. Williams stated that she made a key out of a spoon and enabled their escape!</span><br /><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span">So, more questions. Was Mr. Williams a preacher, a "world champion walker," a con man, or a bit of all three? Was there really an African Princess wife? So far, we don't have the whole story, but it's an interesting walk through history in any case.</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; line-height: 18px;"><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #45818e;">"Home is everything you can walk to." ― Jerry Spinelli</span></i></span>
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Kenneth Grey Wilsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09133987934040301729noreply@blogger.com0